GB/T 36392-2025 PDF English
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GB/T 36392-2025: Coated paper and board for food packaging---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT36392-2025
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 85.060
CCS Y 32
Replacing GB/T 36392-2018
Coated Paper and Board for Food Packaging
Issued on: JUNE 30, 2025
Implemented on: JANUARY 1, 2026
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative References... 5
3 Terms and Definitions... 6
4 Abbreviations... 6
5 Classification... 6
6 Requirements... 7
7 Test Methods... 9
8 Inspection Rules... 12
9 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage... 14
Appendix A (normative) Determination of Adhesion... 15
Appendix B (normative) Determination of Film Perforations... 17
Appendix C (normative) Determination of Grease Resistance... 18
Appendix D (normative) Determination of Leakage Performance... 19
Appendix E (normative) Determination of Wetting Tension... 21
Appendix F (normative) Determination of Non-degradable Components... 22
Coated Paper and Board for Food Packaging
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation
and storage of coated paper and board for food packaging. It also describes the corresponding
test methods and provides information regarding abbreviations and classification.
This document is applicable to the production, inspection, and sales of coated paper and board
for food packaging, which is made from paper as a base material, and coated on one or both
sides with PE, PP, PET, PBS, PLA, PHA or PBAT. Other coated paper and board, laminated
paper and board for food packaging may take this Standard as a reference.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 450 Paper and Board - Sampling for Testing and Identification of Machine and Cross
Direction, Wire Side and Felt Side
GB/T 451.1 Paper and Board - Determination of Size and Deviation
GB/T 451.2 Paper and Board - Part 2.Determination of Grammage
GB/T 451.3 Paper and Board - Determination of Thickness
GB/T 462 Paper, Board and Pulps - Determination of Moisture Content of Analytical Sample
GB/T 1535 Soya Bean Oil
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling Procedures for Inspection by Attributes - Part 1.Sampling Schemes
Indexed by Acceptance Quality Limit (AQL) for Lot-by-lot Inspection
GB/T 6682 Water for Analytical Laboratory Use - Specification and Test Methods
GB/T 7705 The Offset Lithographic Prints for Decorating
GB/T 7706 The Relief Prints for Decorating
GB/T 7975 Paper and Board - Determination of Color (diffuse reflectance method)
GB/T 10342 Paper - Packaging and Mark
GB/T 10739 Paper, Board and Pulps - Standard Atmosphere for Conditioning and Testing
GB/T 14216 Plastics - Film and Sheeting - Determination of Wetting Tension
GB/T 17497.1 Decorative Products by Flexographic Printing - Part 1.Paper
GB/T 31905 Paper and Board - Determination of Edge Permeance
GB/T 39951 Evaluation Method for Degradability of Disposable Paper Products
CY/T 3-1999 Color Assessment Lighting and Observation Condition
QB/T 3007 The Paper Based Intaglio Prints for Decorating
QB/T 4032 Carton Base Paper (board)
QB/T 4033 Foodbox Base Paper (board)
3 Terms and Definitions
This document does not have terms or definitions that need to be defined.
4 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are applicable to this document.
PBAT. poly (butylene adipate terephthalate)
PBS. poly (butylene succinate)
PE. polyethylene
PET. poly (ethylene terephthalate)
PHA. polyhydroxyalkanoate
PLA. poly (lactic acid)
PP. polypropylene
5 Classification
5.1 The coated paper and board for food packaging are classified by use into Type I, Type II
and Type III. Type I is low-weight coated paper used for packaging hamburgers and pastries,
etc.; Type II is coated paper used for processing paper bags for dried fruits, drinking water or
other ready-to-eat foods; Type III is high-weight coated paper and board used for processing
paper cups, paper bowls and paper lunch boxes, etc.
6.5.3 Ecotoxicity
The percentage of sprouts in the compost sample and the blank compost shall be greater than
or equal to 90%.
NOTE. compostability is only assessed for coated paper and board for food packaging that is
explicitly stated as compostable.
6.6 Dimensional Deviation and Degree of Skewness
The roll width, roll diameter and flat paper dimensions of the coated paper and board for food
packaging shall comply with the contract. The dimensional deviation shall not exceed 3 mm,
and the degree of skewness of flat paper shall not exceed 3 mm.
6.7 Printing Quality
6.7.1 The images, characters and lines shall be basically clear and complete. Characters smaller
than size 6 (7.5 P) shall not be difficult to recognize and read.
6.7.2 The printed surface shall be free of obvious printing quality problems, such as streaking,
dirt, ghosting, water ripples, scratches, smearing or stringing.
6.7.3 Die-cutting notches shall be basically smooth, and free of stains, burrs, sticking or
cracking.
6.7.4 For flexographic, lithographic, relief and intaglio printing, overprint error, die-cut
dimensional deviation, color difference of on-site printing within the same batch and for the
same color, and ink layer abrasion resistance shall respectively comply with the requirements
for GB/T 17497.1, GB/T 7705, GB/T 7706 and QB/T 3007.
NOTE. the printing quality is only assessed for coated paper and board for food packaging.
7 Test Methods
7.1 Specimen Collection and Handling
Specimen collection shall be conducted in accordance with GB/T 450.
When determining quantitative deviation, difference in horizontal scroll thickness, quantitative
deviation of film, adhesion, grease resistance, edge permeance, wetting tension, dimensional
deviation, and degree of skewness, specimen handling and the standard atmosphere conditions
for testing shall be in accordance with GB/T 10739.
7.2 Appearance Quality
Color differences within the same batch of paper shall be determined in accordance with GB/T
7975; other items shall be visually inspected.
7.3 Quantitative Deviation
Conduct the determination in accordance with GB/T 451.2.
7.4 Difference in Horizontal Scroll Thickness
Conduct the determination in accordance with GB/T 451.3.
7.5 Quantitative Deviation of Film
Use a sampler to cut 3 specimens with an area of 0.01 m2 along the horizontal scroll of the
paper specimens. Place the specimens in a metal or glass container filled with anhydrous
ethanol and make sure that the specimens are completely immersed in ethanol. After 10 minutes,
take out the specimens and gently separate the film. Remove any paper fibers from the film.
After drying, respectively place the 3 films on a balance with a division value of 0.0001 g and
weigh them. The difference between the average quantitative value of the 3 films and the
nominal value is taken as the result, which is expressed in grams per square meter (g/m2). The
result is rounded to one decimal place. For samples with films that are difficult to peel, the
immersion time may be appropriately extended.
7.6 Adhesion
Conduct the determination in accordance with Appendix A.
7.7 Film Perforations
Conduct the determination in accordance with Appendix B.
7.8 Grease Resistance
Conduct the determination in accordance with Appendix C.
7.9 Leakage Performance
Conduct the determination in accordance with Appendix D.
7.10 Edge Permeance
Conduct the determination in accordance with GB/T 31905.Test conditions shall be selected
based on the intended use of the product. During arbitration, the edge permeance mass shall
prevail.
7.11 Wetting Tension
Conduct the determination in accordance with Appendix E or GB/T 14216.During arbitration,
conduct the determination in accordance with GB/T 14216, and the test surface is the printed
surface.
7.12 Delivery Moisture
Conduct the determination in accordance with GB/T 462.
7.13 Non-degradable Components
Conduct the determination in accordance with Appendix F.
7.14 Biodegradability
Biodegradability shall be determined in accordance with GB/T 39951.If a plastic film
component other than base paper greater than or equals to 1% is difficult to separate, the raw
material of that component may be used for biodegradability determination.
7.15 Compostability
Biodegradability, disintegration and ecotoxicity shall be determined in accordance with GB/T
39951.If a plastic film component other than base paper greater than or equals to 1% is difficult
to separate, the raw material of that component may be used for biodegradability (Translator’s
note. it should be compostability) determination.
7.16 Dimensional Deviation and Degree of Skewness
Conduct the determination in accordance with GB/T 451.1.
7.17 Printing Quality
7.17.1 Inspection conditions
7.17.1.1 Temperature. (23 5) °C; relative humidity. 6015െ10%.
7.17.1.2 Pre-treat the specimens under the conditions of 7.17.1.1 and place them in an
environment free of ultraviolet light for at least 8 hours.
7.17.1.3 The specimen observation conditions shall comply with the provisions of 4.2, 4.3, 5.1,
5.4 and 5.5 in CY/T 3-1999.
7.17.2 Printed surface appearance
Place the specimens under the light source described in 7.17.1.3 and visually inspect the printed
surface.
7.17.3 Overprint error, cutting/die-cut dimensional deviation, color difference of on-site
printing within the same batch and for the same color, and ink layer abrasion resistance
Overprint error, cutting/die-cut dimensional deviation, color difference of on-site printing
within the same batch and for the same color, and ink layer abrasion resistance for flexographic,
lithographic, relief and intaglio printing shall be respectively determined in accordance with
GB/T 17497.1, GB/T 7705, GB/T 7706 and QB/T 3007.
For all inspection items, the number of samples for the first inspection of intrinsic quality,
appearance quality, dimensional deviation, degree of skewness and printing quality shall be
equal to the first sample size provided by the scheme. If the number of disqualified products
found in the first sample is less than or equal to the first acceptance number in Table 3, then,
the batch is determined as qualified; if the number of disqualified products found in the first
sample is greater than or equal to the first rejection number in Table 3, then, the batch is
determined as disqualified. If the number of disqualified products found in the first sample is
between the first acceptance number and the first rejection number in Table 3, a second sample
of the sample size provided by the scheme shall be inspected and the number of disqualified
products found in the first and second samples shall be accumulated. If the accumulated number
of disqualified products is less than or equal to the second acceptance number in Table 3, then,
the batch is determined as qualified; if the accumulated number of disqualified products is
greater than or equal to the second rejection number in Table 3, then, the batch is determined as
disqualified.
9 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage
9.1 Product marking shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 10342 and shall also indicate
the product type and intended use. The form of quantitative marking for single-sided coated
paper and board is “base paper quantitative + film quantitative”, and for double-sided coated
paper and board is “front film quantitative + base paper quantitative + back film quantitative”.
9.2 Product packaging shall comply with the provisions of GB/T10342, and the outer packaging
shall be wrapped with plastic film or kraft paper.
9.3 During handling, loading and unloading, the products shall not be hooked or flattened with
a grafter, and paper items shall not be dropped from heights.
9.4 Products shall be transported using covered and clean transport vehicles and shall not be
mixed with contaminating items.
Appendix A
(normative)
Determination of Adhesion
A.1 Materials and Tools
A.1.1 Knife.
A.1.2 Translucent graph paper, with a division value of 1 mm2.
A.2 Specimen Collection
A.2.1 For rolled coated paper and board for food packaging, randomly cut a specimen with a
longitudinal length of 1 m and full width from the sample. Cut the specimen along the horizontal
scroll into at least three 80 mm wide specimen strips. Lay the specimen strips flat on a table
with the coated surface (food contact surface) facing up.
A.2.2 For flat coated paper and board for food packaging, cut the specimen into at least 3 square
sheets with an area of at least 400 cm2.If the area of a single specimen sheet is less than 400
cm2, multiple specimens may be taken and combined to ensure that the total area meets the test
requirements.
A.3 Test Procedures
A.3.1 Rolled coated paper and board for food packaging
Starting from one corner of the specimen, use a knife (A.1.1) to separate the base paper from
the film. Slowly peel the base paper and the film apart longitudinally across the full width of
the specimen. After separating the two, place translucent graph paper (A.1.2) on the surface of
the film where paper fibers are adhered. Respectively count the total area (S0) of the film
removed and the area (S1) of the film surface where paper fibers are adhered. Repeat the
determination for 3 specimens.
A.3.2 Flat coated paper and board for food packaging
Starting from one corner of the specimen, use a knife (A.1.1) to separate the base paper from
the film. Slowly tear off the film, then, place translucent graph paper (A.1.2) on the surface of
the film where paper fibers are adhered. Respectively count the total area (S0) of the film
removed and the area (S1) of the film surface where paper fibers are adhered. Repeat the
determination for 3 specimens.
A.4 Calculation of Results
In accordance with Formula (A.1), calculate the adhesion of the specimen.
Appendix D
(normative)
Determination of Leakage Performance
D.1 Materials
D.1.1 Soybean oil, GB/T 1535, Grade 1.
D.2 Specimen Collection
Cut three 200 mm 200 mm specimens from each sample. The selected specimens shall be
representative.
D.3 Selection of Test Fluid
The test fluid shall be selected based on the intended use of the product. for coated paper and
board used for the processing of disposable drinking water bags, select water at (23 1) °C; for
coated paper and board used for the processing of paper cups, select water at (23 1) °C or (90
5)°C; for coated paper and board used for the processing of paper bowls, select a mixture of
soybean oil (D.1.1) and water at (95 5)°C; for coated paper and board used for the processing
of paper lunch boxes, select soybean oil (D.1.1) at (95 5)°C; for coated paper and board used
for other purposes, the test fluid can be selected based on the intended use.
D.4 Test Procedures
D.4.1 Conduct the test at 15 °C ~ 30 °C. Take a specimen, fold it on all four sides, and glue the
four corners securely together to make a specimen box with a bottom surface length and width
of 100 mm and a height of 50 mm on all four sides. Place the box on a dry glass plate or flat
plate lined with filter paper. To avoid water vapor generated within the contact area between
the bottom of the specimen and the dry glass plate or flat plate from affecting the test results,
the specimen should be placed above two parallelly placed bars on the surface of the dry glass
plate or flat plate, ensuring a certain distance between the bottom of the specimen and the
surface of the dry glass plate or flat plate lined with filter paper.
D.4.2 Pour the test liquid into the specimen box, fill it to 10 mm from the top edge. After
allowing it to sit for 30 minutes, observe the glass plate or flat plate for any water (or oil)
seepage marks. During the test, oil may seep upward along the specimen. It shall be ensured
that the top port of the specimen box is free of oil, otherwise, the oil may seep from the top port
and affect the test results.
NOTE. when testing coated paper and board used for processing paper bowls, first, pour 30.0 g of
soybean oil into the specimen box. Then, add water at (95 5) °C to a depth of 10 mm
from the top edge of the specimen box.
Appendix E
(normative)
Determination of Wetting Tension
E.1 Materials
E.1.1 Dyne pen, No. 38 (corresponding to a wetting tension of 38.0 mN/m).
E.1.2 Flat glass, 300 mm 300 mm.
E.1.3 Stopwatch, with a division value of 0.1 s.
E.2 Specimen Collection
For each sample, cut two 150 mm 150 mm specimens, and mark the printed surface. The
selected specimens shall be representative.
E.3 Test Procedures
Take one specimen, and with the printed surface facing up, lay it flat on a flat glass (E.1.2).
When sampling, be careful to ensure that the surface of the sample under test does not come
into contact with other objects. Use a dyne pen (E.1.1) to quickly draw a 100 mm long straight
line on the specimen. Use a stopwatch (E.1.3) to start timing from the moment the line is drawn.
After 2 seconds, immediately observe the changes in the drawn line. If the line is clear and
complete (the width of the line is the same as the width of the dyne pen) and the ink is evenly
distributed, then, it shall be determined that the wetting tension of the specimen is greater than
or equal to 38.0 mN/m; otherwise, it shall be determined that the wetting tension of the
specimen is less than 38.0 mN/m.
E.4 Expression of Results
For each sample, test 2 specimens. When the determination results of both specimens are greater
than or equal to 38.0 mN/m, then, it shall be determined that the wetting tension of the sample
is greater than or equal to 38.0 mN/m.
Appendix F
(normative)
Determination of Non-degradable Components
F.1 Principle
Each coating component has distinct chemical compositions and structures, exhibiting
corresponding characteristic peaks in its infrared absorption spectrum. Upon pyrolysis under
high-temperature conditions, it produces corresponding characteristic pyrolysis products. The
presence of the target component in the sample is determined by utilizing the characteristic
peaks in the infrared absorption spectrum and the characteristic pyrolysis products produced by
pyrolysis under high-temperature conditions, followed by chromatographic separation and
mass spectrum identification.
F.2 Reagents
F.2.1 Water, GB/T 6682, Grade III.
F.2.2 Anhydrous ethanol, analytically pure.
F.3 Instruments, Equipment and Tools
F.3.1 Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, equipped with attenuated total reflectance
accessory.
F.3.2 Pyrolysis / gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, equipped with electron impact source.
F.3.3 Beaker.
F.3.4 Scissors.
F.4 Test Procedures
F.4.1 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy test
F.4.1.1 Specimen handling
Select clean coated paper and board for food packaging and place it in a beaker containing
anhydrous ethanol, ensuring that the specimen is completely immersed in the ethanol. After 10
minutes, remove the specimen, gently peel off the film, remove any paper fibers from the film
and air-dry it. Fold the film and heat-press it into a thin sheet, obtaining a sample with a
thickness of no less than 10 m and an area of no less than 16 mm2 (or dimensions of no less
than 4 mm 4 mm), and set it aside. For samples whose film is difficult to peel off, the
immersion time may be appropriately extended. If peeling is impossible even after prolonged
immersion, direct testing may be performed using pyrolysis / gas chromatography-mass
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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