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GB 44246-2024: Household and similar electrical appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods and electric toys - Safety technical specification
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB44246-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 13.120
CCS Y 60
Household and similar electrical appliances, electrical parts
of sporting goods and electric toys -- Safety technical
specification
ISSUED ON: JULY 24, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: AUGUST 01, 2026
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 4
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative references ... 5
3 Terms and definitions ... 6
4 Requirements ... 11
5 Verification methods ... 27
6 Implementation of the standard ... 29
Annex A (normative) Standards for product safety compliance verification ... 30
Bibliography ... 35
Household and similar electrical appliances, electrical parts
of sporting goods and electric toys -- Safety technical
specification
1 Scope
This document defines the terms and definitions related to household and similar
electrical appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods and electric toys. It specifies
the general requirements, product safety requirements, marking and instruction
requirements, as well as the installation, maintenance and repair requirements for
household and similar electrical appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods. It also
describes the corresponding verification methods.
This document applies to the design, production, inspection, use of household and
similar electrical appliances (hereinafter referred to as "household appliances"), the
electrical parts of sporting goods and electric toys, as well as the installation,
maintenance and repair of the household appliances and electrical parts of sporting
goods.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 4706 (all parts), Safety of household and similar electrical appliances
GB/T 4026, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and
identification -- Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and
conductors
GB 8877, Safety requirements for the installation, operation and maintenance of
household and similar electrical appliances
GB 17790, Installation specifications for household and similar air-conditioning
GB/T 19865, Safety of electric toys
GB/T 20429, Installation rule for electrical water heaters
GB 31187, Sporting goods -- General requirements for electrical parts
GB/T 36932, General requirements for installation and wiring of household and
similar electrical appliances
GB/T 39182, Installation specifications for household and similar heat pump water
heater
GB 50231-2009, General code for construction and acceptance of mechanical
equipment installation engineering
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 4706 (all
parts), GB/T 19865, GB 31187 as well as the followings apply.
NOTE: Unless otherwise specified, the terms "voltage" and "current" refer to effective values
(r.m.s.).
3.1 household and similar electrical appliances
Electrical appliances with a rated voltage not exceeding 250 V for single-phase AC
power supplies and 480 V for other appliances used by non-qualified person in homes,
residences and similar places (such as shops, light industry and farms).
3.2 electrical parts of sporting goods
Electrical parts of products used in physical education, competitive sports and sports
training, with a single-phase rated voltage not exceeding 250 V and other rated voltages
not exceeding 480 V.
3.3 electric toy
Products designed or intended for children under 14 years of age that require the use of
electricity for at least one function.
NOTE: Transformer toys and power toys are both categories of electric toys.
3.4 rated current
The current specified by the manufacturer for household appliances, the electrical parts
of sporting goods and electric toys.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.1.6, modified]
3.5 qualified person
Personnel who have received qualified person training, have the qualified person
knowledge and skills, and are able to identify potential hazards in the household
appliances and the electrical parts of sporting goods that they install, maintain and repair;
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.1]
3.12 supplementary insulation
Independent insulation applied in addition to basic insulation to provide protection
against electric shock in case of failure of basic insulation.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.2]
3.13 double insulation
An insulation system consisting of basic insulation and supplementary insulation.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.3]
3.14 reinforced insulation
Single insulation applied to live parts providing a degree of protection against electric
shock equivalent to double insulation, under the conditions specified in this document.
NOTE: This does not mean that the insulation is a homogeneous body. It may consist of several
layers, but it cannot be tested one by one like supplementary insulation or basic insulation.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.4]
3.15 class 0 appliance
An appliance whose protection against electric shock relies only on basic insulation.
That is, it has no means of connecting accessible conductive parts (if any) to the
protective conductors in the fixed wiring of the installation. In the event of failure of
this basic insulation, the protection against electric shock relies on the environment.
NOTE: Class 0 appliances have either an enclosure of insulating material which constitutes part or
all of the basic insulation, or a metal enclosure separated from live parts by suitable insulation. If an
appliance with an enclosure of insulating material has provisions for grounding internal parts, it is
considered to be a class I appliance, or a class 0I appliance.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.7]
3.16 class 0Ⅰ appliance
An appliance having at least basic insulation as a whole and having a grounding
terminal, but its supply cord does not have a grounding conductor and its plug does not
have a grounding pin.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.8]
3.17 class Ⅰ appliance
The household appliances and the electrical parts of sporting goods whose protection
against electric shock not only relies on basic insulation but also includes an additional
safety protection measure. The protective measure is to connect the accessible
conductive parts to the protective grounding conductor in the fixed wiring of the facility
so that in the event of basic insulation failure, the accessible conductive parts will not
be energized.
NOTE: This protection includes a protective earth conductor in the power supply cord.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.9, modified]
3.18 class Ⅱ appliance
The household appliances and the electrical parts of sporting goods whose protection
against electric shock not only relies on basic insulation, but also provides additional
safety protection measures such as double insulation or reinforced insulation. This kind
of household appliances and the electrical parts of sporting goods does not have
protective grounding or measures that rely on installation conditions.
NOTE 1: The This kind of appliance may be of one of the following types.
- An appliance having a durable and substantially continuous casing of insulating material which
encloses all metal parts except small parts such as nameplates, screws and rivets. The
enclosure provides protection at least equivalent to reinforced insulation to isolate these small
metal parts from the live parts of the appliance. This type of appliance is called a class II
appliance with an insulating enclosure.
- An appliance having a substantially continuous metal enclosure in which double insulation or
reinforced insulation is used throughout is called a class II appliance with a metal enclosure.
- An appliance that is a combination of a class II appliance with an insulating enclosure and a
class II appliance with a metal enclosure.
NOTE 2: For class II appliances with insulating enclosures, the enclosure may constitute part or all
of the supplementary insulation or reinforced insulation.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.10, modified]
3.19 class Ⅲ appliance
The household appliances and the electrical parts of sporting goods that rely on safety
extra-low voltage to provide protection against electric shock and the voltage they
produce is not higher than the safety extra-low voltage.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.3.12, modified]
3.20 clearance
NOTE 1: Any accessible or inaccessible parts that meet the requirements of 8.1.4 in GB/T 4706.1-
2024 are not considered to be live parts.
NOTE 2: A PEN conductor is a protective earthed neutral conductor that combines the functions of
both a protective conductor and a neutral conductor.
[Source: GB/T 4706.1-2024, 3.6.4, modified]
3.26 power supply for toys
A power supply equipped with a toy transformer, not fixed to or installed in an electric
toy, with a rated output voltage not exceeding 24 V DC or AC.
[Source: GB/T 19865-2024, 3.4.4]
4 Requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 The safety of household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods and electric
toys shall comply with the requirements of 4.2, except for the differentiated
requirements proposed in the standards listed in Table A.1 in Annex A.
NOTE: Differentiation requirements include "addition", "replacement", "modification", "not
applicable", etc.
4.1.2 The installation, maintenance and repair of household appliances shall comply
with the requirements of 4.3. The installation, maintenance and repair of the electrical
parts of sporting goods shall comply with the applicable requirements of 4.3.
4.1.3 The markings and instructions of household appliances, electrical parts of sporting
goods and electric toys shall comply with the requirements of 4.4.
4.2 Product safety requirements
4.2.1 Electrical safety
4.2.1.1 Protection against contact with live parts
4.2.1.1.1 The structure and casing of household appliances shall provide adequate
protection against accidental contact with live parts.
4.2.1.1.2 The structure and casing of the electrical parts of sporting goods shall be such
that when they are operating in normal use, live parts shall be inaccessible in all
positions and after the detachable parts are removed. The electrical parts of foldable
sporting goods shall have adequate protection against electric shock when folded.
The outer cover and other parts of the electrical parts of sporting goods that provide
protection against electric shock shall have sufficient mechanical strength. The live
parts shall not be touchable after the impact test. They shall not be loose during normal
operation.
4.2.1.2 Starting of electric appliances
Starting electric motors in household appliances shall not result in a hazard.
4.2.1.3 Input power and current
The input power and current of household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods
and electric toys shall not deviate too much from the rated values.
4.2.1.4 Leakage current and electrical strength
The leakage current of the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods shall
not be too large. The electrical insulation of the household appliances, electrical parts
of sporting goods and electric toys shall have sufficient electrical strength.
4.2.1.5 Transient overvoltage
Household appliances shall be able to withstand the transient over-voltages to which
they may be subjected.
4.2.1.6 Moisture resistance
4.2.1.6.1 The outer casing of the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting
goods shall be provided with corresponding waterproof grades according to the
protection grade classification.
4.2.1.6.2 Household appliances that can withstand liquid spillage during normal use
shall be constructed so that the spilled liquid will not affect the electrical insulation of
the appliance.
4.2.1.6.3 The household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods shall be able to
withstand the humid conditions that may occur during normal use.
4.2.1.6.4 Electric toys intended to be used in water, electric toys using liquids, electric
toys that receive water from a tap, and electric toys that may be cleaned with liquids
shall be provided with an enclosure that provides appropriate protection.
4.2.1.7 Internal wiring
4.2.1.7.1 The wiring paths of household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods
and electric toys shall be smooth and free of sharp edges.
The wiring of household appliances and electric toys shall be protected so that they do
not come into contact with burrs, cooling fins or similar edges that may cause insulation
that of light-duty polyvinyl chloride sheathed flexible cord.
4.2.1.7.11 The conductor specifications and forms of the wiring of electrical parts of
sporting goods shall be compatible with the power in normal use. The insulation
materials of the wiring of electrical parts of sporting goods shall be able to withstand
the voltage and maximum temperature to which they are subjected.
4.2.1.8 Power connection and external cord
4.2.1.8.1 The household appliances and electrical parts of sporting goods shall be
provided with appropriate power connection devices. Except for stationary appliances
that are suitable for multiple power sources, household appliances shall not provide
more than one power connection method.
4.2.1.8.2 Cable and conduit entries for household appliances intended to be
permanently connected to fixed wiring and rated not more than 16 A shall be of suitable
size. Conduit entries, cable entries and prepared field-formed holes shall not be
constructed or positioned so as to reduce creepage distances or clearances too low.
4.2.1.8.3 The supply cord shall be connected to household appliances by appropriate
means.
4.2.1.8.4 The power plug of the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods
shall not be equipped with more than one flexible cord.
4.2.1.8.5 The supply cords of the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting
goods shall be adequately insulated. Except for class III appliances, the supply cords of
the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods shall have appropriate
specifications.
4.2.1.8.6 The conductor of the supply cord in the household appliances, electrical parts
of sporting goods shall have sufficient nominal cross-sectional area.
4.2.1.8.7 The supply cord shall not come into contact with any sharp points or edges of
the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods.
4.2.1.8.8 The supply cord of class I appliances shall have a yellow/green core wire
connected to the grounding terminal of the household appliances, electrical parts of
sporting goods. For household appliances not intended to be permanently connected to
fixed wiring, it shall also be connected to the grounding contact of the plug.
In the multi-phase household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods, if the supply
cord has a neutral conductor, it shall be blue.
If an additional neutral conductor is provided in the supply line:
- Other colors may be used for these additional neutral conductors;
- All neutral conductors and line conductors shall be identified by marking with
alphanumeric symbols as specified in GB/T 4026;
- The supply cord shall be installed on the household appliances, electrical parts of
sporting goods.
4.2.1.8.9 The conductors of the supply cords of the household appliances, electrical
parts of sporting goods shall be reinforced in an appropriate manner where they are
subject to contact pressure.
4.2.1.8.10 When the supply cord is molded onto a part of the casing, it shall not cause
damage to the insulation of the supply cord of the household appliances, electrical parts
of sporting goods.
4.2.1.8.11 The supply cord inlet of the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting
goods shall have a suitable structure.
4.2.1.8.12 The household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods that need to be
moved during operation and are equipped with a supply cord shall be structured so that
the supply cord is adequately protected from excessive bending at the point where it
enters the electrical parts of the household appliances and sporting goods. The length
of the supply cord or external wiring shall meet the use requirements of the electrical
parts of sporting goods.
4.2.1.8.13 The household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods with supply
cords, as well as the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods that are
intended to be permanently connected to fixed wiring with flexible cords, shall have
cord fixtures. The cord fixtures shall protect the conductors from tension and torque at
the terminals. Protect the insulation of the conductors from wear and tear.
It shall not be possible to push the cord into the appliance in such a way as to damage
the cord or internal parts of the appliance.
4.2.1.8.14 The cord fixing devices of the household appliances and electrical parts of
sporting goods shall have appropriate structures and positions.
4.2.1.8.15 For class 0 appliances, class 0I appliances and class I appliances with Y-type
and Z-type connections, the conductors of the supply cords shall be separated from
accessible metal parts by basic insulation. For class II appliances, additional insulation
shall be used. This insulation can be provided by the sheath of the supply cord or other
methods.
4.2.1.8.16 The space for connecting the supply cord of the household appliances,
electrical parts of sporting goods for X-type connection, or the space for connecting
fixed wiring, shall be structured as follows:
- It is possible to check that the power conductors are in the correct position and
4.2.1.10.1 The accessible metal parts of class 0I appliances and class I appliances that
may become energized due to basic insulation failure shall be permanently and reliably
connected to a grounding terminal inside the household appliances, electrical parts of
sporting goods, or to the grounding contact of the input socket of the household
appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods.
The grounding terminal and the grounding contact shall not be connected to the neutral
terminal.
Class 0 appliances, class II appliances and class III appliances shall not have protective
grounding measures.
Unless it is to protect extra-low voltage circuits, safety extra-low voltage circuits in the
household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods shall not be grounded.
4.2.1.10.2 The clamping device of the grounding terminal shall be sufficiently secure
to prevent accidental loosening.
Terminals for connecting external equipotential conductors shall allow connection of
conductors with a nominal cross-sectional area of 2.5 mm2 ~ 6 mm2. They shall not be
used to provide grounding continuity between different parts of household appliances.
These conductors shall not be able to be loosened without the aid of a tool.
This requirement does not apply to class II appliances and class III appliances with a
functional earth connection.
4.2.1.10.3 If a removable component with a ground connection is inserted into another
part of the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods, its ground
connection shall be completed before the current-carrying connection. When the
component is pulled out, the ground connection shall be disconnected after the current-
carrying connection is disconnected.
For the household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods with supply cords, the
length of the conductors between the terminals or the cord fixtures and the terminals
shall be set so that if the cord slips out of the cord fixtures, the current-carrying
conductor is tightened before the grounding conductor.
This requirement does not apply to class II appliances and class III appliances with a
functional grounding connection.
4.2.1.10.4 No parts of a grounding terminal intended for connection to an external
conductor shall cause any risk of corrosion due to contact with the copper of the
grounding conductor or with any other metal.
Parts other than metal frames or enclosures used to provide grounding continuity shall
be of metal sufficiently resistant to corrosion.
Steel parts, coated or uncoated, intended solely for providing or transmitting contact
pressure shall be adequately protected against rust.
The screws or other parts of the grounding terminal of the electrical part of the sporting
goods shall be made of stainless steel. The contact surface shall be a bare metal surface.
If the body of the grounding terminal is part of a frame or housing made of aluminium
or an aluminium alloy, precautions shall be taken to avoid the risk of corrosion due to
contact between copper and aluminium or aluminium alloys.
This requirement does not apply to class II appliances and class III appliances with a
functional earth connection.
4.2.1.10.5 The connection between the grounding terminal or grounding contact of the
household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods and the grounded metal parts
shall have a low resistance value.
If the electrical clearances for basic insulation in the protective extra-low voltage circuit
are specified based on the rated voltage of the household appliances, electrical parts of
sporting goods, this requirement does not apply to the connecting devices providing
grounding continuity in the protective extra-low voltage circuit.
This requirement does not apply to class II appliances and class III appliances with a
functional grounding connection.
4.2.1.10.6 Printed conductors on printed circuit boards in hand-held appliances shall
not be used to provide grounding continuity. For other household appliances, grounding
continuity may be provided if the printed circuit has at least two circuits with
independent solder joints and the appliance meets the requirements of 4.2.1.10.5 for
each circuit.
This requirement does not apply to class II appliances and class III appliances with a
functional grounding connection.
4.2.1.11 Screws and connections
4.2.1.11.1 For household appliances, electrical parts of sporting goods and electric toys,
fastening devices that failures may affect the compliance with this document, as well
as electrical connections and connections providing grounding continuity shall be
capable of withstanding the mechanical stresses occurring in normal use.
4.2.1.11.2 For household appliances and electric toys, the structure of electrical
connections and connections providing grounding continuity shall be such that contact
pressure is not transmitted through non-ceramic insulating materials that are prone to
shrinkage or deformation, unless the metal parts have sufficient resilience to
compensate for any possible shrinkage or deformation of the insulating material.
This requirement does not apply to electrical connecting devices in the following
circuits:
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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