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GB/T 8196-2018: Safety of machinery -- Guards -- General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 8196: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 8196-2018: Safety of machinery -- Guards -- General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT8196-2018 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 13.110 J 09 GB/T 8196-2018 / ISO 14120.2015 Replacing GB/T 8196-2003 Safety of Machinery – Guards – General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Fixed and Movable Guards (ISO 14120.2015, IDT) Issued on. DECEMBER 28, 2018 Implemented on. JULY 01, 2019 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 4 Introduction... 6 1 Scope... 8 2 Normative References... 8 3 Terms and Definitions... 9 4 Risk Assessment... 15 5 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Guards... 15 5.1 Machine aspects... 15 5.2 Human aspects... 17 5.3 Guard design and construction aspects... 19 5.4 Materials, rigidity, and impact requirements... 21 5.5 Containment... 22 5.6 Resistance to corrosion... 22 5.7 Resistance to microorganisms... 22 5.8 Non-toxicity... 23 5.9 Machine viewing... 23 5.10 Transparency... 23 5.11 Shadows and stroboscopic effects... 23 5.12 Electrostatic properties... 23 5.13 Guards with electrically conductive parts... 23 5.14 Thermal stability... 24 5.15 Fire and flammability... 24 5.16 Noise and vibration reduction... 24 5.17 Radiation protection... 24 5.18 Climbing... 24 5.19 Retained fastenings... 24 5.20 Vibration resistance... 25 5.21 Warning signs... 25 5.22 Color... 25 5.23 Appearance... 25 6 Selection of Types of Guards... 26 6.1 General... 26 6.2 Combination of different guards or of guards with other devices... 26 6.3 Selection of guards according to the number and size of the hazards... 27 6.4 Selection of guards according to the nature and frequency of access required... 28 7 Verification of the Safety Requirements for Guards... 29 7.1 General... 29 7.2 Verification and validation methods... 29 7.3 Required verification and validation... 30 8 Information for Use... 34 8.1 General... 34 8.2 Guard hazards... 34 8.3 Installation... 34 8.4 Operation... 34 8.5 Removal of guards... 35 8.6 Inspection and maintenance... 35 Annex A (Informative) Example of Retained Fastening... 36 Annex B (Informative) Example of Projectile Test Method for Mechanically Testing Guards... 37 Annex C (Informative) Example of Pendulum Test Method for Mechanically Testing Guards... 41 Bibliography... 46ForewordThis Standard was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2009. This Standard replaced GB/T 8196-2003 Safety of Machinery – Guards - General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Fixed and Movable Guards. Compared with GB/T 8196- 2003, the major technical changes of this Standard are as follows besides the editorial modifications. --- Increase the ergonomic requirements for power-operated guards (see 5.2.5.4 of this Edition); --- Increase the requirements for guards with conductive parts (see 5.13 of this Edition); --- Increase the requirements for anti-climbing (see 5.18 of this Edition); --- Refine the requirements for fasteners of guards (see 5.19 of this Edition; 7.2 of 2003 Edition); --- Refine verification and validation of safety requirements for guards (see Clause 7 of this Edition; Clause 8 of 2003 Edition); --- Add examples of retaining fasteners (see Annex A of this Edition); --- Add test methods (see Annexes B and C of this Edition); --- Delete Annexes B and C (see Annexes B and C of 2003 Edition). This Standard used the translation method to equivalently adopt ISO 14120.2015 Safety of Machinery – Guards – General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Fixed and Movable Guards. The Chinese documents that have a consistent correspondence with the international documents normatively cited in this Standard are as follows. --- GB/T 18569.1-2001 Safety of Machinery - Reduction of Risks to Health from Hazardous Substances Emitted by Machinery - Part 1.Principles and Specifications for Machinery Manufacturers (eqv ISO 14123-1.1998); --- GB/T 18831-2017 Safety of Machinery - Interlocking Devices Associated with Guards - Principles for Design and Selection (ISO 14119.2013, IDT); --- GB/T 19876-2012 Safety of Machinery - Positioning of Safeguards with respect to the Approach Speeds of Parts of the Human Body (ISO 13855.2010, IDT); --- GB/T 19891-2005 Safety of Machinery - Hygiene Requirements for the Design of Machinery (ISO 14159.2002, IDT); --- GB/T 23821-2009 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent Hazard Zones being Reached by Upper and Lower Limbs (ISO 13857.2008, IDT). This Standard made the following editorial modifications. --- Delete the informative Annex D. This Standard was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Mechanical Safety of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 208). Drafting organizations of this Standard. Suzhou Angao Intelligent Security Technology Co., Ltd.; Lihong Safety Equipment Engineering (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.; Anhui Ruishi Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd.; Xiamen Chengcan Industrial Equipment Co., Ltd.; Fujian Minxuan Technology Co., Ltd.; Center Testing International Group Co., Ltd.; Nan'an Zhongji Standardization Research Institute Co., Ltd.; Mesnac Co., Ltd.; Nanjing Forestry University/National-Provincial Joint Engineering Research Center of Electromechanical Product Packaging; Xi'an Kaiyijin Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Mechanical Productivity Center; Nan'an Quality Measurement and Testing Institute; and Yiwu Guojun Mould Factory. Chief drafting staffs of this Standard. Li Qin, Li Liyan, Zhu Bin, Hu Zheng, Chen Huiling, Pi Fengmei, Huang Qing, Yu Mingjin, Ju Ronghua, Cheng Hongbing, Ju Likai, Xie Ziping, Zhu Guojun, Chen Zhuoxian, Hou Hongying, Liu Panchao, Huang Dongsheng, Wu Shoutao, Li Zhong, Liu Zhishui, Zhou Aiping, Fu Huiqing, Shen Dehong, Zhang Xiaofei, and Shen Yurong. The historical editions replaced by this Standard are as follows. --- GB/T 8196-1987, GB/T 8196-2003; --- GB/T 8197-1987.1 ScopeThis Standard specifies general requirements for the design, construction, and selection of guards provided to protect persons from mechanical hazards.2 Normative ReferencesThe following documents are essential to the application of this document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is applicable to this document. GB 5226.1-2008 Electrical Safety of Machinery - Electrical Equipment of Machines - Part 1.General Requirements (IEC 60204-1.2005, IDT) GB/T 15706-2012 Safety of Machinery - General Principles for Design - Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction (ISO 12100.2010, IDT)3 Terms and DefinitionsFor the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15706-2012 and the following apply. Guard affixed in such a manner (for example, by screws, nuts, and welding) that it can only be opened or removed by the use of tools or by destruction of the means by which the guard is affixed. Guard which can be opened without the use of tools.4 Risk AssessmentIn order to select and design types of guards appropriate to particular machinery, it is important to assess the risk arising from the various hazards present at that machinery and the foreseeable categories of persons who can be exposed to the hazard(s) (see GB/T 15706-2012, Clause 5).5 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of GuardsTo minimize access to hazard zones where practicable, guards and machinery shall be so designed as to enable routine adjustments, lubrication, and maintenance to be carried out without opening or removing the guards. Where there is a foreseeable risk of emission from the machine of hazardous substances (for example coolant, vapors, gases, swarf, sparks, hot or molten material, dust, solid, or fluid matter), the guard shall be designed according to ISO 14123‑1 to contain these substances as far as practicable.6 Selection of Types of GuardsIt can be appropriate to use a combination of different types of guards. For example. Guards to protect against hazards generated by moving transmission parts, e.g., pulleys, belts, gears, rack, and pinions, shafts shall be either fixed guards (see Figure 1) or interlocked movable guards. Fixed guards should be used on account of their simplicity and reliability.7 Verification of the Safety Requirements for GuardsTable 1 lists specific requirements that are identified as essential for the design, construction, and selection of guards provided to protect persons from mechanical hazards. For each requirement, Table 1 indicates the means by which compliance with the requirement shall be verified.8 Information for UseInformation shall be provided for any hazards associated with the guards themselves, for example mechanical hazards or flammability of materials and relevant test results. Instructions shall be provided directing the user to the correct operation of the guards, and the related interlocks if they are supplied with the guard. Warnings against reasonably foreseeable misuse shall be given (see GB/T 15706-2012). ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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