GB/T 7409.4-2023 PDF EnglishUS$290.00 · In stock · Download in 9 seconds
GB/T 7409.4-2023: Excitation systems for synchronous machines - Part 4: Technical requirements of excitation systems for medium and small synchronous machines Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid
Similar standardsGB/T 7409.4-2023: Excitation systems for synchronous machines - Part 4: Technical requirements of excitation systems for medium and small synchronous machines---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT7409.4-2023 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 29.160.01 CCS K 20 Replacing GB/T 10585-1989 Excitation Systems for Synchronous Machines - Part 4: Technical Requirements of Excitation Systems for Medium and Small Synchronous Machines ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 7, 2023 IMPLEMENTED ON: APRIL 1, 2024 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword ... 3 Introduction ... 6 1 Scope ... 7 2 Normative References ... 7 3 Terms and Definitions ... 8 4 General Requirements ... 12 5 Conditions of Use ... 12 6 Performance Requirements for Excitation Systems for Synchronous Generators ... 13 7 Performance Requirements for Excitation Systems for Synchronous Machines ... 18 8 Test Rules ... 21 9 Equipment Completeness ... 22 10 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage ... 23 11 Mass Production and Quality Assurance ... 24 Excitation Systems for Synchronous Machines - Part 4: Technical Requirements of Excitation Systems for Medium and Small Synchronous Machines1 ScopeThis document specifies the general requirements and usage conditions for the excitation systems for medium and small synchronous machines, the performance requirements for the excitation systems for synchronous generators, the performance requirements for the excitation systems for synchronous machines, the test rules, equipment completeness, marking, packaging, transportation and storage, as well as mass production and quality assurance, etc. This document is applicable to the design and manufacturing of the excitation systems for 50 Hz and 60 Hz synchronous machines in the following scopes: ---hydraulic generators below 10,000 kW; ---turbine generators below 6,000 kW; ---internal combustion generators of 3,200 kW and below; ---synchronous machines below 10,000 kW.2 Normative ReferencesThe contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document. GB/T 191-2008 Packaging - Pictorial Marking for Handling of Goods GB/T 755 Rotating Electrical Machines - Rating and Performance GB/T 1094 (all parts) Power Transformers GB/T 3797-2016 Electrical Control Assemblies GB/T 7409.1-2008 Excitation Systems for Synchronous Electrical Machines - Definitions GB/T 7409.2-2020 Excitation Systems for Synchronous Electrical Machines - Part 2: Models for Power System Studies The time required from the start of disturbance, until the difference between the generator terminal voltage and the steady-state value does not exceed 3% of the rated value (or otherwise specified) and remains within this area. NOTE: the unit is second (s).4 General RequirementsIn addition to satisfying the requirements of this document, the excitation system shall also comply with the stipulations of GB/T 755. The excitation systems for the synchronous machines shall also comply with the stipulations of GB/T 3797-2016.5 Conditions of Use5.1 The excitation systems specified in this document shall be installed indoors or in a climate- protected outdoor location. The mobile power supply can be installed in a climate-protected outdoor location. Users shall consult with the manufacturer for climate protection measures for outdoor installation. 5.2 The operating altitude does not exceed 1,000 m. NOTE: for the excitation systems used at altitudes higher than 1,000 m, the users shall consult with the manufacturer. 5.3 The requirements for ambient air temperature are as follows: a) The indoor ambient air temperature is 5 C ~ 40 C, and the outdoor ambient air temperature is 15 C ~ 40 C; b) The daily average value of ambient air temperature does not exceed 35 C. NOTE 1: if the indoor ambient air temperature is lower than 5 C, but not lower than 10 C, or the outdoor ambient air temperature is lower than 15 C, but not lower than 25 C, the users shall declare to the manufacturer. NOTE 2: if the ambient air temperature exceeds 40 C, or the indoor temperature is lower than 15 C and the outdoor temperature is lower than 25 C, the users shall consult with the manufacturer. 5.4 The monthly average maximum relative humidity in the wettest month of the location of use is 90%, and the monthly average minimum temperature in that month is 25 C. 5.5 It shall be used in an environment with clean air and no explosion hazard, and there shall be no gas or conductive dust in the surrounding air that is sufficient to corrode metal and destroy insulation. 5.6 Other special conditions of use shall be determined through negotiation between the users and the manufacturer.6 Performance Requirements for Excitation Systems forSynchronous Generators 6.1 Long-term Load Capacity When the excitation voltage and current of the synchronous generators do not exceed 1.1 times the rated values, the excitation systems shall be able to continuously operate for a long time. 6.2 Maximum Voltage Multiple The requirements for the maximum voltage multiple are as follows: a) For the excitation systems for hydraulic generators and turbine generators, it is generally not less than 1.6; b) For the excitation systems for internal combustion generators, it is generally not less than 1.5; c) When there are special requirements, the users shall consult with the manufacturer. NOTE 1: for the voltage source controllable rectifier excitation systems (unless otherwise specified) powered by the synchronous generators terminal through the rectifier transformer, the positive sequence component of the voltage connected to the generator terminal is a specified maximum voltage multiple of 80% of the rated value. NOTE 2: for the excitation systems adopting rotating excitation power units, the maximum voltage multiple is determined at the rated speed. 6.3 Allowable Forced Excitation Time The allowable forced excitation time is no less than 10 seconds and no more than 50 seconds. 6.4 Excitation System Nominal Response For the excitation systems with DC excitation power unit, it is generally specified as (0.5 ~ 1.0)/s. The high initial response excitation systems are evaluated by the response time. 6.5 Rectifier Overvoltage The rectifier circuit is equipped with a resistance-capacitance protection device that suppresses commutation overvoltage. When the generator is operating at the rated no-load, the thyristor commutation overvoltage multiple is not greater than 1.6, and it is handed over and confirmed during the handover test. 6.6 Rotor Overvoltage The excitation systems shall consider the possible overvoltage of the generator rotor excitation circuit, and the transient voltage at the outlet end of the magnetic field winding shall not be greater than 65% of the test voltage peak value specified in 6.18 under any possible operating conditions. 6.7 Stability of Control Voltage When the DC and AC voltage deviation used for excitation system control does not exceed 15% ~ 10%, and the frequency deviation does not exceed 3 Hz ~ 2 Hz, the excitation system shall satisfy the requirements for normal operation of the synchronous generators. 6.8 No-load Voltage Setting Range 6.8.1 Hydraulic generators and turbine generators that need to operate in parallel with the power grid shall be stably and smoothly adjusted within the no-load voltage range of 70% ~ 110%. 6.8.2 Internal combustion generators and other synchronous generators that only operate in isolation shall be stably and smoothly adjusted within the no-load voltage range of 95% ~ 105%. 6.9 Selection of Steady-state Voltage Regulation The steady-state voltage regulation is specified as 1%, 2.5% and 5%. The values selected for the various excitation systems are stipulated in their standards. 6.10 Transient Voltage Regulation and Voltage Recovery Time 6.10.1 The transient voltage overshoot (overshoot) of the low-voltage synchronous generators when the rated load is suddenly cast off is specified as 20%, 25% and 35%. 6.10.2 The transient voltage drop of low-voltage synchronous generators when the rated reactive load is suddenly added is specified as 16%, 22% and 32%. 6.10.3 The voltage recovery time after a sudden load change corresponds to the three transient voltage increases or decreases specified in 6.10.1 and 6.10.2, and shall not be greater than 1.5 s, 1.5 s and 2.5 s. 6.10.4 When the high-voltage synchronous generators are under no-load conditions and the step response is 10%, the transient voltage overshoot (overshoot) of the generator voltage shall not be greater than 50% of the step amount, the number of swings shall not exceed 3 times, and the adjustment time shall not exceed 10 seconds. 6.11 Parallel Operation 6.11.1 Unless otherwise specified, synchronous generators of 100 kW and above shall all consider parallel operation. The excitation systems shall take measures to ensure stable parallel operation of the system and reasonable allocation of reactive power. c) Magnetic field undercurrent limiter; d) Other additional units. 6.17 Demagnetization In addition to the excitation systems for the small synchronous generators that adopt shutdown demagnetization, other excitation systems shall have reliable demagnetization capability. 6.18 Voltage Resistance Each electrical circuit of the excitation system can withstand the voltage resistance test without damaging the insulation. The test regulations are as follows. a) For the electrical circuits (except rotating electrical machines) directly connected to the magnetic field winding or through a rectifier, when the rated magnetic field voltage of the synchronous machines is 500 V and below, they shall be able to withstand a test voltage of 10 times the rated magnetic field voltage, but not less than 1,500 V; when the rated magnetic field voltage of the synchronous machines is above 500 V, they shall be able to withstand a test voltage of 2 times the rated magnetic field voltage plus 4,000 V. For the electrical circuits that are not directly connected to the magnetic field winding, when the rated voltage is 60 V and below, they shall be able to withstand a test voltage of 1,000 V; when the rated voltage is greater than 60 V, they shall be able to withstand a test voltage of 2 times the rated voltage plus 1,000 V, but not less than 1,500 V. b) The test voltage that shall be withstood for construction site acceptance is 75% of the specified test voltage; the allowable repeated and repaired test voltage is 65% of the specified test voltage. c) The test voltage is the RMS power frequency AC sine wave, its waveform is as close to the sine wave as possible, and the test time is 60 seconds. d) The test of printed circuit boards and electronic equipment shall comply with the stipulations of corresponding standards. 6.19 Ground Terminal The metal body of the self-contained excitation system is equipped with a ground terminal and is clearly marked with a ground symbol. The ground terminal cannot be used for other purposes. 6.20 Permanent Magnet Materials In the hybrid excitation system, corresponding anti-corrosion treatment measures shall be taken on the permanent magnet materials used in accordance with the requirements of the equipment workplace. 6.21 Protective Functions The excitation system model shall comply with the relevant stipulations in GB/T 7409.2-2020.7 Performance Requirements for Excitation Systems forSynchronous Machines 7.1 Output Capability of Excitation Systems The excitation systems shall be able to output the rated current and continuously operate within the range of 40% ~ 100% of the rated output voltage. 7.2 Switching to Full Voltage at Slip Ratio When the synchronous generators are started with reduced voltage, the excitation systems have a control link that automatically switches to full voltage, and switches to full voltage when the slip ratio is 0.11 ~ 0.09. 7.3 Switching to Excitation at Slip Ratio The excitation system shall be able to achieve forward-polarity main excitation switching when the rotor slip ratio is 0.05 ~ 0.03 and shall be able to output the maximum voltage during excitation switching. NOTE: forward-polarity main excitation switching refers to excitation switching when the excitation current is in a consistent direction as the induced current in the magnetic field winding of the machines. 7.4 Constant-current Excitation Regulation Deviation When the grid voltage is 80% ~ 110% of the rated value and the thermal resistance of the magnetic field winding increases by no more than 10% of the rated resistance value, the constant-current excitation regulation deviation shall not exceed 5%. 7.5 Constant Reactive Power Excitation Regulation Deviation When the synchronous machines adopt constant reactive power regulation and the load changes within the range of no load and twice the rated load, the change in the reactive power of the synchronous machines shall not exceed 10%. 7.6 Output Voltage Adjustable Range The output voltage of the excitation systems can be smoothly adjusted within the range of 10% ~ 125% of the rated value. 7.7 Overcurrent and Undercurrent Protection Setting Range The excitation systems shall be equipped with overcurrent and undercurrent protection. The adjustable range of overcurrent protection is 80% ~ 170% of the rated value, and the adjustable range of undercurrent protection is 20% ~ 50% of the rated value. 7.8 Control Voltage Deviation When the control voltage deviation does not exceed 15% ~ 10%, the excitation systems can reliably operate. 7.9 Maximum Voltage Multiple When the grid voltage is 80% of the rated value, the maximum voltage multiple of the excitation system shall not be less than 1.4. 7.10 Allowable Forced Excitation Time The allowable forced excitation time is no more than 50 seconds. 7.11 Control Link for Dynamic Braking When the mode of constant reactive power regulation is adopted, there is a control link for dynamic braking. 7.12 Capability of Withstanding Overvoltage When the magnetic field winding is connected in parallel with a starting resistance not greater than 10 times the rotor resistance, the excitation systems can withstand the overvoltage generated during the starting and out-of-step processes of the synchronous machines. 7.13 Starting Protection When the synchronous machines are asynchronously started, if the excitation is applied too early or is not applied after starting, the excitation systems shall be able to automatically trip and shut down. 7.14 Out-of-step Protection When the synchronous machines are out-of-step, the excitation systems shall be able to immediately cut off the DC output voltage and make the synchronous machines interlock to shut down. NOTE: for the excitation systems with out-of-step and re-synchronization links, if re- synchronization fails, the DC output voltage must be immediately cut off, and the synchronous machines shall be interlocked to shut down. 7.15 Noise The noise performance requirements for the excitation systems for synchronous machines shall comply with the relevant stipulations in 6.15. e) Excitation regulation and control equipment (excluding transducers that directly measure stator voltage and current); f) Other equipment agreed between the users and the manufacturer. 9.2 For easily damaged components and parts, necessary spare parts shall be provided.10 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage10.1 Marking 10.1.1 The material of the nameplate and the method of data engraving on the nameplate shall be indelible during the entire period of use of the machines. 10.1.2 The nameplate shall be fixed on the outside of the excitation systems in an easily visible position. The items marked on it are as follows: a) Manufacturer’s name; b) Equipment name; c) Equipment model; d) Serial No. of the Standard being implemented; e) Rated output voltage, expressed in (V); f) Rated output current, expressed in (A); g) Operation control voltage: alternating current (A.C.), direct current (D.C.), expressed in (V); h) Manufacturer’s production year, month and production No. 10.2 Packaging 10.2.1 The text and signs on the outer wall of the packaging box shall be clear and neat, and the content is as follows: a) Consignee’s name; b) Consignee’s address; c) Equipment model and production No.; d) Net weight of the equipment and gross weight, including the box; e) Overall dimensions of the box; ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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