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GB/T 43409-2023: Metallographic examination of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings for general engineering and structural purposes Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid
Similar standardsGB/T 43409-2023: Metallographic examination of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings for general engineering and structural purposes---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT43409-2023 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 77.140.80 CCS J 31 Metallographic examination of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings for general engineering and structural purposes Issued on: NOVEMBER 27, 2023 Implemented on: NOVEMBER 27, 2023 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; National Standardization Administration. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Terms and definitions... 5 4 Selection and preparation of specimens... 6 5 Metallographic structure inspection... 6 6 Grain size determination... 21 7 Non-metallic inclusion inspection... 23 8 Inspection report... 34ForewordThis document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents". Please note that some contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Casting Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 54). Drafting organizations of this document. China Machinery Engineering Institute Shenyang Foundry Research Institute Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Zhangshu Fuling Internal Combustion Engine Parts Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Wanheng Casting Co., Ltd., Foshan Zhongkai Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Guangdong Huachang Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Tairui Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., China Railway Baoqiao Group Co., Ltd., CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Tongyu Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., China National Heavy Duty Truck Group Co., Ltd., CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd., Lanzhou Lanshi Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Harbin Electric Motor Factory Co., Ltd., Shandong Tianli Machinery Casting Co., Ltd., Datang Boiler Pressure Vessel Inspection Center Co., Ltd., Hai'an Haitai Casting Co., Ltd., Erzhong (Deyang) Heavy Equipment Co., Ltd., China Railway Seventh Bureau Group Co., Ltd., China Coal Beijing Coal Mine Machinery Co., Ltd., Beijing Industrial Vocational and Technical College, Zhejiang Mechanical and Electrical Vocational and Technical College, Hunan Zijing New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Yiyang Zijing Welfare Casting Co., Ltd., Henan Chengjian Inspection and Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Sanming Jinsheng Special Steel Co., Ltd., Xiamen Ruideli Calibration Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Sanming Yijun Machinery Casting Co., Ltd., Huizhou Zhuoneng Testing Technology Co., Ltd., Puyang Hailin Special Equipment Manufacturing and Protection Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Kate Auto Parts Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Junchang Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing Zhongkun New Materials Technology Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou Hengchang Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Qingdao Libo Auto Parts Precision Casting Co., Ltd., Qingdao Wangshengyuan Metal Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Changfeng Laser Knife Die Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Chiwan Shengbaowang Engineering Co., Ltd., Henan Dafang Heavy Equipment Co., Ltd., Liaocheng Guangli Machinery Parts Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this document. Wang Zhiming, Li Jinmei, Li Juwen, Chen Tao, Chen Kaimin, Li Pingping, Zhao Hongwei, Wang Hanchao, Gao Dongling, Xu Jialiang, Guo Jialin, Shang Erfeng, Ou Yuncai, Zhu Zhi, Tian Meng, Zhang Peng, Guan Shuai, Dong Manzhong, Cao Qiao, Ni Mansheng, Yang Shangguang, Jing Junsheng, Guo Jianqun, Li Zaixin, Wang Wenwu, Guo Tongtong, Wang Qingyu, Wang Zhengjun, Jiang Chunhong, Ma Zhengqiang, Cao Minglan, Li Yadong, Li Echeng, Li Zhi, Liang Xiaowu, Ma Zifu, Li Ping, Li Canhui, Chen Linsheng, Liu Shaogang, Liu Yuanyi, Liu Guozhu, Metallographic examination of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings for general engineering and structural purposes1 ScopeThis document specifies the selection and preparation of metallographic examination specimens, metallographic structure inspection, grain size determination, non-metallic inclusion inspection, inspection of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings, as well as the inspection report, for general engineering and structures. This document is applicable to the metallographic examination of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings for general engineering and structures; the metallographic examination of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings for other engineering and structures can make reference to this document.2 Normative referencesThe contents of the following documents constitute the essential terms of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document. GB/T 5611 Foundry terminology GB/T 6394-2017 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal GB/T 7232 Metal heat treatment - Terminology GB/T 13298 Inspection methods of microstructure for metals GB/T 20566 Terminology of steel and alloy3 Terms and definitionsThe terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 5611, GB/T 7232, GB/T 20566, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document. 3.1 Underheated structure The heating temperature of heat treatment of castings is too low or the holding time is insufficient, resulting in abnormal structures such as residual cast structure in annealed and normalized structures and more undissolved ferrite (more than 5%) in quenched and tempered structures. Note. It includes annealed underheated structure, normalized underheated structure, quenched and tempered underheated structure. 3.2 Overheated structure The heating temperature of the casting heat treatment is too high and the holding time is too long, so that the matrix grains become obviously coarse. Note. It includes annealed overheated structure, normalized overheated structure, quenched and tempered overheated structure.4 Selection and preparation of specimens4.1 Metallographic specimens shall be cut from castings or mechanical properties test blocks. 4.2 The preparation of metallographic specimens shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 13298.The changes in the structure shall be prevented during the cutting and preparation of specimens. The surface of the specimen inspection surface shall be kept smooth before etching, without scratches and other grinding and polishing defects. 4.3 The etching of metallographic specimens should be carried out with a mixture of 2% ~ 6% nitric acid and anhydrous ethanol (2 mL ~ 6 mL nitric acid + 100 mL anhydrous ethanol).5 Metallographic structure inspection5.1 Metallographic structure The metallographic structure of carbon steel and low alloy steel castings mainly includes casted, annealed, normalized (normalized + tempered), quenched and tempered structures. 5.2 Metallographic structure inspection method and evaluation 5.2.1 The metallographic structure can be inspected on the specimen or the castings. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. |
