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GB/T 43267-2023: Road vehicles - Safety of the intended functionality Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid
Similar standardsGB/T 43267-2023: Road vehicles - Safety of the intended functionality---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT43267-2023GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.040 CCS T 35 Road vehicles - Safety of the intended functionality (ISO 21448.2022, MOD) Issued on. NOVEMBER 27, 2023 Implemented on. NOVEMBER 27, 2023 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 5 Introduction... 8 1 Scope... 11 2 Normative references... 12 3 Terms and definitions... 12 4 Overview and organization of SOTIF activities... 26 4.1 General... 26 4.2 SOTIF principles... 26 4.3 Use of this document... 32 4.4 Management of SOTIF activities and supporting processes... 35 5 Specification and design... 37 5.1 Objectives... 37 5.2 Specification of the functionality and considerations for the design... 38 5.3 System design and architecture considerations... 40 5.4 Performance insufficiencies and countermeasures considerations... 41 5.5 Work products... 43 6 Identification and evaluation of hazards... 43 6.1 Objectives... 43 6.2 General... 44 6.3 Hazard identification... 44 6.4 Risk evaluation... 47 6.5 Specification of acceptance criteria for the residual risk... 49 6.6 Work products... 50 7 Identification and evaluation of potential functional insufficiencies and potential triggering conditions... 51 7.1 Objectives... 51 7.2 General... 51 7.3 Analysis of potential functional insufficiencies and triggering conditions... 52 7.4 Estimation of the acceptability of the system’s response to the triggering conditions58 7.5 Work products... 59 8 Functional modifications addressing SOTIF-related risks... 60 8.1 Objectives... 60 8.2 General... 60 8.3 Measures to improve the SOTIF... 60 8.4 Updating the input information for “Specification and design”... 65 8.5 Work products... 65 9 Definition of the verification and validation strategy... 66 9.1 Objectives... 66 9.2 General... 66 9.3 Specification of integration and testing... 68 9.4 Work products... 70 10 Evaluation of known scenarios... 70 10.1 Objectives... 70 10.2 General... 71 10.3 Sensing verification... 71 10.4 Planning algorithm verification... 72 10.5 Actuation verification... 73 10.6 Integrated system verification... 74 10.7 Evaluation of the residual risk due to known hazardous scenarios... 75 10.8 Work products... 75 11 Evaluation of unknown scenarios... 76 11.1 Objectives... 76 11.2 General... 76 11.3 Evaluation of residual risk due to unknown hazardous scenarios... 76 11.4 Work products... 78 12 Evaluation of the achievement of the SOTIF... 78 12.1 Objectives... 78 12.2 General... 79 12.3 Methods and criteria for evaluating the SOTIF... 79 12.4 Recommendation for SOTIF release... 81 12.5 Work products... 81 13 Operation phase activities... 81 13.1 Objectives... 81 13.2 General... 81 13.3 Topics for observation... 83 13.4 SOTIF issue evaluation and resolution process... 84 13.5 Work products... 85 Annex A (Informative) General guidance on SOTIF... 86 A.1 Examples of structuring the SOTIF argument with GSN... 86 A.2 Explanations regarding the interaction between functional safety according to the GB/T 34590 (All parts) and this document... 112 A.3 Simplified SOTIF application examples... 124 A.4 Simplified examples of specification and design... 129 Annex B (Informative) Guidance on scenario and system analyses... 133 B.1 Method for deriving SOTIF misuse scenarios... 133 B.2 Example construction of scenario factors for SOTIF safety analysis method... 137 B.3 Examples of adaptation of safety analyses to identify and evaluate the potential triggering conditions and functional insufficiencies... 145 B.4 Applying STPA in the context of SOTIF for ADAS and automated vehicles... 161 Annex C (Informative) Guidance on SOTIF verification and validation... 167 C.1 Purpose of the verification and validation strategy... 167 C.2 Derivation of validation targets... 168 C.3 Validation of SOTIF applicable systems... 179 C.4 Perception system verification and validation... 182 C.5 Guidance on scenario parameterization and sampling... 191 C.6 Considerations for reducing validation testing... 198 Annex D (Informative) Guidance on specific aspects of SOTIF... 206 D.1 Guidance for driving policy specification... 206 D.2 Implications for machine learning... 218 D.3 SOTIF considerations for maps... 227 D.4 SOTIF considerations for V2X... 229 D.5 Perception system performance target quantification and examples of common sensor performance limitations... 231 D.6 SOTIF considerations for OTA updates... 233 Annex E (Informative) Example of risk acceptance criteria for automated driving systems... 235 E.1 General... 235 E.2 Example of risk acceptance criteria in a single sub-scenario... 237 Bibliography... 241ForewordThis document was drafted in accordance with the rules provided in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. This document modifies using ISO 21448.2022 Road vehicles - Safety of the intended functionality. Compared with ISO 21448.2022, this document makes the following structural adjustments. — Figures 2 ~ 17 correspond to Figures 1 ~ 16 in ISO 21448.2022; — Tables B.7 ~ B.15 correspond to Tables B.6 ~ B.14 in ISO 21448.2022. The technical differences between this document and ISO 21448.2022 and their reasons are as follows. — Replace ISO 26262-1 with the normatively referenced GB/T 34590.1 ~ 34590.12- 2022 to adapt to the technical conditions in our country; — Change the definition of the term “acceptance criterion” (see 3.1) to make it easier to understand the term; — Add the term “priority subset” and its definition (see 3.35) to help support SOTIF analysis, verification and validation, as well as evaluation activities to deal with a large number of scenarios and use cases; — Add description about Annex E (see 4.3.1); — Change methods for deriving verification and validation activities (see Table 6). This document also makes the following editorial modifications. — Add Note 2, Example 3, Note 3 and Note 4 to the definition of the term “acceptance criterion” (see 3.1); — Remove some notes in ISO 21448.2022, i.e., Note of the terms “DDT fallback” and “fallback ready user”; Note 2 of the terms “dynamic driving task; DDT”, “levels of driving automation” and “scenario”; Note 3 of the terms “minimal risk condition; MRC” and “use case”; Note 2 and Note 4 of the term “operational design domain; ODD”; Note 4 of the term “scene”; as well as description of the source of the terms “hazard”, “object and event detection and response; OEDR”, “risk” and “unreasonable risk”; — Add Note 3 to the specification of the functionality and considerations for the design (see 5.2); — Add Notes 4 ~ 7 to the risk evaluation (see 6.4) to facilitate understanding of the acceptance criterion; — Add Note 5 on acceptance criteria in the specification of acceptance criteria for the residual risk (see 6.5), which helps to apply and understand how to define risk acceptance criteria based on traffic data analysis; — Add Note 3 to the objectives of identification and evaluation of potential functional insufficiencies and potential triggering conditions (see 7.1) to help apply and improve the acceptance criteria; — Remove the note of the example in A.3 of ISO 21448.2022; — Add Note 4 regarding the content of D.5 (see 7.3.3); — Change Note 3 of the specification of integration and testing (see 9.3); — Add Note 6 to SOFIT issue evaluation and resolution process (see 13.4); — Add simplified examples of specification and design (see A.4) to facilitate understanding and application; — Add examples of scenario priority subsets based on quantitative rules (see Table B.6) to facilitate understanding and application; — Add perception system performance target quantification and examples of common sensor performance limitations (see D.5) to facilitate understanding and application; — Add SOTIF considerations for OTA updates (see D.6), which helps SOTIF consideration during operation; — Add examples of risk acceptance criteria for autonomous driving systems (see Annex E) to facilitate the application and improvement of the acceptance criteria. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organizations of this document are not responsible for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China. This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee of Auto Standardization (SAC/TC 114). Drafting organizations of this document. China Automotive Technology and Research Center Co., Ltd., FAW Car Co., Ltd., Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Shanghai SenseTime Lingang Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd., FAW-Volkswagen, ZEEKR (Ningbo Hangzhou Bay New Area) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Certification & Tech Innovation Center Co., Ltd., NIO (Anhui) Co., Ltd., Great Wall Motor Company Limited, Hella Shanghai Electronics Co. Ltd., Veoneer China Co., Ltd., Shenzhen DJI Zhuojian Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Hangji Technology Co., Ltd., China Automotive Innovation Corporation, Volkswagen (China) Investment Co. Ltd., Bosch Automotive Products (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Imotion Automotive Technology (Suzhou) Co. Ltd., Beijing Horizon Robotics Technology R&D Co., Ltd., FAW Jiefang Automotive Co., Ltd., Beijing Chehejia Automotive Technology Co., Ltd., Neusoft Ruichi Automotive Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Beijing Jingwei Hirain Technologies Co., Inc., Neusoft Corporation, Smart Automobile Co., Ltd., Voyah Automobile Technology Co., Ltd., CRRC Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd., Shanghai Jidu Automobile Co., Ltd., BYD Auto Industry Company Limited, Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd., Yutong Bus Co. Ltd., Hozon New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd., Xiang Yang Da An Automobile Test Center Limited Corporation, Beijing Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd., China Changan Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Automobile Group Co., Ltd., Yikatong (Hubei) Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou Bowo Innovation Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Chongqing Changan Automobile Software Technology Co., Ltd., Geely Automobile Research Institute (Ningbo) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Hesai Technology Co., Ltd., United Automotive Electronic Systems Co., Ltd., Beijing National New Energy Vehicle Technology Innovation Center Co., Ltd., Beijing Baidu Zhixing Technology Co., Ltd., NIO Co., Ltd. Main drafters of this document. Li Bo, Shang Shiliang, Liu Hang, Bai Xiaoyu, Liu Yu, Fu Yue, Zhou Lin, Wang Yu, Wang Xiaoyi, Zhang Weiqian, Wang Jiahao, Wu Yuecui, Ma Ting, Yu Jianye, Han Wenhao, Liu Hui, Fu Chaoying, Chen Rui, Zhang Liuyang, Rong Hui, Ma Kai, Qu Yuanning, Song Weijin, Yang Hu, Yu Bo, Zhang Lijun, Wang Fangfang, Wen Jiwei, Chen Wei, Gao Jianyong, Li Chunlin, Qian Kun, Xie Yulu, Li Yong, Li Hongpeng, Zheng Tong, Xia Xianzhao, Zhang Hongwei, Chen Yili, Zhang Li, Li Zhenzhen, Liu Fabiao, Li Guilan, Gao Hailong, Wang Haichuan, Shao Haihe, Fu Yuhan, Guo Kuiyuan, Shi Juan, Liang Yu, Guo Xiaodong, Zhao Jinfu, Chen Yong, Zhou Hongwei, Wang Jianbin, Ren Xianan, Zhao Xin, Zheng Yan, Li Zhaolin, Jia Yuanhui, Xu Dawei, Huang Yi.1 ScopeThis document provides a general argument framework and guidance on measures to ensure the safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF), which is the absence of unreasonable risk due to a hazard caused by functional insufficiencies, i.e..2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 34590.1- 2022 and the following apply.4 Overview and organization of SOTIF activitiesThe main objective of this document is to describe the activities and rationale used to ensure that the risk level associated with all identified SOTIF-related hazardous events is sufficiently low.5 Specification and designThe specification and design can include various aspects as listed in this subclause. Some aspects are relevant only for a specific automation level or a specific implementation. In addition, some aspects are relevant for the specification of the functionality on the vehicle level and some on the element level.6 Identification and evaluation of hazardsThe potential functional insufficiencies and triggering conditions are systematically analyzed. This analysis can consider field experience and knowledge gained from similar projects or experts. This analysis can be conducted in parallel, starting from both.8 Functional modifications addressing SOTIF-related risksMeasures for handing over authority from a system to the driver are aimed at increasing controllability at lower levels of driving automation. These measures can include, but are not limited to. The input information for “Specification and design” is updated based on the specification of identified and applied SOTIF measures according to 8.3.9 Definition of the verification and validation strategyA verification and validation strategy is defined to provide an argument that the objectives are achieved and how the validation targets are met. The work product is the definition of the verification and validation strategy fulfilling objectives 9.1 a) and b). ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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