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GB/T 37910.2-2019: Non-destructive testing of welds -- Acceptance levels for radiographic testing -- Part 2: Aluminium and its alloys Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid
Similar standardsGB/T 37910.2-2019: Non-destructive testing of welds -- Acceptance levels for radiographic testing -- Part 2: Aluminium and its alloys---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT37910.2-2019 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 25.160.40 J 33 Non-destructive testing of welds – Acceptance levels for radiographic testing – Part 2: Aluminium and its alloys (ISO 10675-2:2017, MOD) ISSUED ON: AUGUST 30, 2019 IMPLEMENTED ON: MARCH 1, 2020 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword ... 3 1 Scope ... 5 2 Normative references ... 5 3 Radiographic technique ... 6 4 General ... 6 5 Acceptance levels ... 7 Annex A (Informative) Guide to the limitations of radiographic testing ... 10 Annex B (Informative) Examples for determination of area percentage (%) of imperfections ... 12 Annex C (Informative) Calculation of the sum of acceptance areas ... 15ForewordGB/T 37910, Non-destructive testing of welds – Acceptance levels for radiographic testing, comprises the following two parts: -- Part 1: Steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys; -- Part 2: Aluminium and its alloys; This Part is the 2nd part of GB/T 37910. This Part was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This Part was redrafted by modifying and adopting ISO 10675-2:2017, Non-destructive testing of welds – Acceptance levels for radiographic testing – Part 2: Aluminium and its alloy. The significant technical changes and their reasons with respect to ISO 10675-2:2017 are as follows: -- with respect to normative references, some adjustments are made in this Part resulting in some technical differences, in order to adapt to the technical conditions in China. The adjustments are intensively reflected in “Normative references” of Clause 2. This Part: uses GB/T 3323.1 modifying and adopting the international standard to replace ISO 17636-1 (see Clauses 1 and 3, and Annex A); uses GB/T 3323.2 modifying and adopting the international standard to replace ISO 17636-2 (see Clauses 1 and 3, and Annex A); uses GB/T 32259 modifying and adopting the international standard to replace ISO 17637 (see Clause 4); uses GB/T 6417.1 identically adopting the international standard to replace ISO 6520-1 (see Clause 5, and Tables 2, 3 and A.1). -- in accordance with ISO 10042, it adds the acceptance requirements that uniformly distributed pores, clustered pores and linear pores shall meet gas pores for the convenience of use (see 2b ~ 2e, 3 and 4 of Table 3); -- in accordance with ISO 10042, it adds the acceptance requirements for oxide inclusions and defines the requirements for the total length of imperfections within the evaluation area for the convenience of use (see 6 of Table 3); -- in accordance with ISO 10042, it adds the acceptance requirements for lack of fusion and lack of penetration and defines the requirements for the length of a single imperfection itself within the evaluation area for the convenience of use Non-destructive testing of welds – Acceptance levels for radiographic testing – Part 2: Aluminium and its alloy1 ScopeThis Part specifies acceptance levels for indications from imperfections in aluminium butt welds detected by radiographic testing. If agreed, the acceptance levels can be applied to other types of welds or materials. The acceptance levels can be related to welding standards, application standards, specifications or codes. This Part assumes that the radiographic testing has been carried out in accordance with GB/T 3323.1 or GB/T 3323.2. When assessing whether a weld meets the requirements specified for a weld quality level, the sizes of imperfections permitted by this Part are compared with the dimensions of indications revealed by a radiograph made of the weld.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this Part. For dated references, only the edition dated applies to this Part. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documents (including all amendments) applies to this Part. GB/T 3323.1, Non-destructive testing of welds – Radiographic testing – Part 1: X- and gamma-ray techniques with film (GB/T 3323.1-2019, ISO 17636-1:2013, MOD) GB/T 3323.2, Non-destructive testing of welds – Radiographic testing – Part 2: X- and gamma-ray techniques with digital detectors (GB/T 3323.2-2019, ISO 17636- 2:2013, MOD) GB/T 6417.1, Welding and allied processes – Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials – Part 1: Fusion welding (GB/T 6417.1-2005, ISO 6520-1:1998, IDT) GB/T 32259, Non-destructive testing of welds – Visual testing of fusion-welded joints (GB/T 32259-2015, ISO 17637:2003, MOD) When quantification of undercut and/or excessive penetration by radiographic testing is required, specific procedures using test exposures may be applied in order to establish a basis for approximate quantification in accordance with the requirements of ISO 10042. This shall be specified.5 Acceptance levelsThe acceptance levels for indications are shown in Table 3 and Table 4. The types of imperfections are selected from ISO 10042 and defined in GB/T 6417.1. For the numbers of imperfections see Annex A. The symbols used in Table 3 and Table 4 are the following: — A sum of projected areas of indications related to each L × Wp , in % (see Annex B); — b width of excess penetration of weld, in millimetres; — d diameter of pore, in millimetres; — dA diameter of pore envelope area, in millimeters; — h width of indication, the width or height of surface imperfection, in millimetres; — L any 100 mm testing length, in millimeters; — l length of indication, in millimetres; — s nominal butt weld thickness, in millimetres; — t base material thickness, in millimetres; — Wp width of the weld, in millimetres; — Σl summary length of imperfections within L, in millimetres. If the interval between any two adjacent imperfections is less than the main dimension of the smaller imperfection, they shall be deemed to be one imperfection. For the calculation of accumulative areas of imperfections see Annex C. Indications shall not be divided into different Ls.Annex A(Informative) Guide to the limitations of radiographic testing A.1 General The numbers between brackets conform to those used in GB/T 6417.1. A.2 Volumetric imperfections in butt welds Volumetric imperfections in butt welds: — Porosities (2011), clustered porosities (2013), elongated cavities (2015) and gas pores (2017 ) —Elongated cavities (2015) and wormholes (2016) — Oxide inclusions (303) — Tungsten inclusions (3041) The above imperfections listed in Table 3 will be readily detected using radiographic technique A or B of GB/T 3323.1 or GB/T 3323.2 as shown in Tables 1 and 2. A.3 Cracks in butt welds Cracks in butt welds: — Cracks (100) — Crater cracks (104) The detectability of cracks by radiographic testing depends on the crack height, the ramification (presence of branching parts), opening width, direction of the X-ray beam to crack orientation and radiographic technique parameters. Reliable detection of all cracks is therefore limited. The use of radiographic technique B or better, as specified in GB/T 3323.1 or GB/T 3323.2, will provide better crack detectability than radiographic technique A. A.4 Planar imperfections in butt welds Planar imperfections in butt welds: ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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