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GB/T 232-2024: Metallic materials - Bend testing method Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 232: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 232-2024: Metallic materials - Bend testing method---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT232-2024GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 77.040.10 CCS H 23 Replacing GB/T 232-2010 Metallic materials - Bend testing method (ISO 7438.2020, Metallic materials - Bend test, MOD) Issued on. MARCH 15, 2024 Implemented on. OCTOBER 1, 2024 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of PRC. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Terms and definitions... 5 4 Symbols and descriptions... 5 5 Principles... 6 6 Test equipment... 6 6.1 General requirements... 6 6.2 Bending device with two supports... 8 6.3 Bending device with a V-block... 8 6.4 Bending device with a clamp... 8 6.5 Other bending devices... 8 7 Test pieces... 9 7.1 General requirements... 9 7.2 Edges of test pieces... 9 7.3 Width of the test piece... 9 7.4 Thickness of the test piece... 10 7.5 Test pieces from forged materials, cast materials and semi-finished products... 10 7.6 Test pieces with greater thickness and width... 10 7.7 Length of the test piece... 11 8 Test procedures... 11 9 Evaluation of test results... 13 10 Test report... 13 Appendix A (Normative) Bending test under plane strain conditions... 14 A.1 Overview... 14 A.2 General requirements... 15 A.3 Test piece... 16 A.4 Result evaluation... 16 A.5 Test report... 17 Appendix B (Informative) Determination method of bending angle by measuring the displacement of the bending former... 18 References... 19ForewordThis document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. This document replaces GB/T 232-2010 Metallic materials - Bend test. Compared with GB/T 232-2010, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. -- Figure 3 is changed (see Figure 3; see Figure 3 of the 2010 edition); -- Requirements for test piece plane strain conditions are added (see 7.3); -- Requirements for test pieces of forged materials, cast materials and semi-finished products are changed (see 7.5; see 6.5 of the 2010 edition); -- Some symbols and descriptions are changed; and the Lode angle parameter ̅, stress triaxiality η and radius of supports R are added (see Table 1; see Table 1 of the 2010 edition); -- A description of the bending test under plane strain conditions is added (see Appendix A). This document was modified in relation to ISO 7438.2020 Metallic materials - Bend test. Compared with ISO 7438.2020, the following structural adjustments are made in this document. -- 8.3 of ISO 7438.2020 is divided into 8.3 and 8.4, and 8.4 of ISO 7438.2020 is postponed to 8.5; -- The order of Appendix A and Appendix B is exchanged. The technical differences between this document and ISO 7438.2020 and their reasons are as follows. -- The content "other bending devices that comply with the bending test principle can be used" is added (see 6.5), and the turning-plate bending device is retained, to meet Chinese national conditions; -- The normative reference document GB/T 2975 is added (see 7.1) to ensure the operability of the standard; -- The "inner radius" is changed to "diameter of the former" (see 9.2) for better operability; -- The "square root of η" is changed to "η value" (see A.2) to keep it consistent with the previous sentence. The following editorial changes are made to this document. -- The name of the standard is changed to "Metallic materials - Bend testing method"; -- The reference to Figure 5 is added [see 8.2 a)]. Please note that some content in this document may be subject to patents. The publisher of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China Iron and Steel Association. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Steel of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC183). Drafting organizations of this document. Shougang Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Kingland Pipe Industry Co., Ltd., Rizhao Quality Inspection and Testing Institute [National Carbon Structural Steel Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center (Shandong)], Tongling Fuxin Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Hunan Valin Xiangtan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Chengxin Inspection, Testing and Certification Co., Ltd., Ningxia Jianlong Special Steel Co., Ltd., Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Jianlong Xilin Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Shandong Xindadi Holding Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Academy of Special Equipment Science, Shenzhen SUNS Technology Stock Co., Ltd., Jilin Jianlong Steel Co., Ltd., Shandong Special Equipment Inspection Institute Group Co., Ltd., China Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute, Wuhan Fanzhou Chuetsu Metal Co., Ltd. Main drafters of this document. Qiu Yu, Yang Weifang, Lu Xianbao, Ding Gang, Kuang Yonghai, Zou Fanqiu, Gan Meilu, Wang Shifeng, Ma Yue, Xu Weili, Fu Chongjian, Cheng Dongyue, Liu Jie, Zhao Junqing, Yao Xiaojing, Dong Li, Yao Lian, Zhang Qingshui, Ni Guoliang, Cui Lei, Hou Huining, Zhang Xing, Su Zan, Wang Shuqiang, Wang Bin, Wang Shangkun, Sun Dayong, Liu Zhongqiang, Zhang Haihua, Wang Chunmao, Li Qiuhan, Zhang Qi, Mou Xueping, Zhang Qiang, Zhou Zhichao, Wu Chaohui, Wang Wei. This document was first published in 1963, revised for the first time in 1982, for the second time in 1988, for the third time in 1999, and for the fourth time in 2010.This is the fifth revision. Metallic materials - Bend testing method1 ScopeThis document describes a test method for determining the ability of metallic materials to withstand plastic deformation in bending. This document is applicable to the bending test of test pieces specified in product standards related to metal materials.2 Normative referencesThe contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, for referenced documents with a date, only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this document. For undated referenced documents, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 2975 Steel and steel products - Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing (GB/T 2975-2018, ISO 377.2017, MOD)3 Terms and definitionsThere are no terms or definitions that need to be defined in this document.4 Symbols and descriptionsThe symbols and descriptions used in this document are shown in Table 1.5 PrinciplesThe bending test is to subject a circular, square, rectangular or polygonal cross-section test piece to bending plastic deformation on a bending device without changing the direction of force until the specified bending angle is reached.6 Test equipmentThe angle of the tapered surface of the V-block shall be 180°-α (see Figure 2), and the bending angle α shall be specified in the relevant product standards. The device consists of a clamp and a bending former with sufficient hardness (see Figure 3), and can be equipped with a force lever. Other bending devices that comply with the bending test principle (such as a turning- plate bending device) can also be used.7 Test piecesThe width of the test piece shall comply with the provisions of the relevant product standards. If no specific provisions are given, the following requirements shall apply. By agreement, test pieces with a width greater than that specified in 7.3 and a thickness greater than that specified in 7.4 may be used for the bending test. The length of the test piece shall be determined based on the thickness (or diameter) of the test piece and the test equipment used.8 Test proceduresWARNING. Adequate safety measures and protective equipment shall be taken during the test.9 Evaluation of test resultsThe bending test results shall be evaluated in accordance with the requirements of the relevant product standards. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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