GB/T 16508.4-2022 PDF EnglishUS$650.00 · In stock · Download in 9 seconds
GB/T 16508.4-2022: Shell boilers - Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and acceptance Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 16508.4: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 16508.4-2022: Shell boilers - Part 4: Fabrication, inspection and acceptance---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT16508.4-2022GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.060.30 CCS J 98 Replacing GB/T 16508.4-2013 Shell boilers - Part 4.Fabrication, inspection and acceptance Issued on. MARCH 09, 2022 Implemented on. OCTOBER 01, 2022 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 Introduction... 6 1 Scope... 8 2 Normative references... 8 3 Terms, definitions and symbols... 9 4 Basic requirements... 10 5 Marking... 10 6 Material cutting and straightening... 11 7 Hot and cold forming... 11 8 Fabrication and assembly of main parts... 19 9 Expansion joints... 28 10 Welding... 36 11 Heat treatment... 40 12 Inspection and testing... 46 13 Coating and packaging... 56 14 Nameplate and exit-factory data... 57 Annex A (normative) Boiler welded tube holes... 59 Annex B (normative) Technical requirements for the fabrication of H-shaped wing (fin) tubes... 62 Bibliography... 671 ScopeThis document specifies the basic requirements for shell boilers in the fabrication process, marking, material cutting and straightening, hot and cold forming, fabrication and assembly of main parts, expansion joints, welding, heat treatment, inspection and testing, coating and packaging, nameplates and the requirements for the exit-factory data. This document is applicable to the fabrication, inspection and acceptance of shell boilers defined in GB/T 16508.1.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 1804, General tolerances - Tolerances for linear dimensions without individual tolerance indications GB/T 2652, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials - Longitudinal tensile test on weld metal in fusion welded joints GB/T 2900.48, Electrotechnical terminology of boilers GB/T 3375, Welding terminology GB/T 4863, General terminology of machine-building technology GB/T 16507.5, Water-tube boilers - Part 5.Fabrication GB/T 16507.6, Water-tube boilers - Part 6.Inspection, testing and acceptance GB/T 16508.1, Shell boilers - Part 1.General requirements GB/T 16508.2, Shell boilers - Part 2.Materials GB/T 16508.3, Shell boilers - Part 3.Design and strength calculation GB/T 30583, Specification for post weld heat treatment of pressure equipment JB/T 3223, Welding consumables quality management procedures3 Terms, definitions and symbolsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 2900.48, GB/T 3375, GB/T 4863 and GB/T 16508.1 as well as the followings apply. 3.1 cold forming Plastic deformation processing that is performed below the recrystallization temperature of the workpiece metal. 3.2 hot forming Plastic deformation processing that is performed above the recrystallization temperature of the workpiece metal. 3.3 tube forming Processing process of tube bending, upsetting, necking, flaring, etc.4 Basic requirements4.1 Raw materials for boilers shall meet the requirements of GB/T 16508.2 and design drawings. 4.2 The structural design and strength calculation of boiler pressure elements shall meet the requirements of GB/T 16508.3. 4.3 The design and fabrication process documents shall conform to the production conditions of the organization.5 Marking5.1 General 5.1.1 Boiler manufacturers shall formulate guidance documents for the use of material marks for pressure elements and main load-bearing members, welder marks in the fabrication process, non-destructive testing marks, product part identification numbers, and inspection status marks. 5.2 Marking method 5.2.1 Marking shall adopt the following methods or a combination of the following methods. 5.2.2 Steel stamps shall not be used in the following situations. 5.2.3 When the method of 5.2.1~5.2.2 cannot be used for marking, the positioning map can be used instead of marking.6 Material cutting and straightening6.1 Select the material splitting method according to the steel properties and specifications. The cutting method used shall ensure the processing size and roughness requirements. It shall also reduce or prevent deformation caused by cutting. 6.2 During thermal cutting, the processing part can be preheated according to the type and thickness of the steel. 6.3 If the deformation exceeds the allowable range after cutting, appropriate methods shall be used to correct it.7 Hot and cold forming7.1 General requirements 7.1.1 When cold forming is used, the cold brittleness of the steel used shall be considered. 7.1.2 When hot forming is used, the temper brittle temperature zone of the steel shall be avoided. 7.2 Corrugated forming of boiler shell and cylindrical shell section, tube plate (head), U-shaped foot ring and flue 7.2.1 The continuous forming process shall be adopted for hot forming or cold forming of circular tube plates, heads, U-shaped foot rings and furnace corrugations. 7.2.2 Tube plates, heads and U-shaped foot rings shall be pressed and formed from a single piece of steel plate. 7.2.3 The appearance quality after forming shall meet the following requirements. 7.2.4 The actual thickness of the pressure element after forming shall not be less than the minimum required thickness required by the design. Special parts are according to the following requirements. 7.2.5 The deviation of the inner diameter of the circular tube plate, the head and the outer ring of the U-shaped bottom ring shall meet the requirements of Table 1. 7.2.10 The inner diameter (di) deviation of the flue hole of the circular tube plate (see Figure 2a), Figure 2c) and Figure 2d), and the inner diameter (di) deviation of the inner ring of the U-shaped bottom ring (see Figure 3) shall not exceed the ones specified in Table 1. 7.2.15 The inner diameter deviation of the boiler shell cylindrical shell section and the flue cylindrical shell section shall meet the requirements of Table 1. 7.3 Tube forming, threaded pipe thread pressing and pipe end necking 7.3.1 Tube forming shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 16507.5. 7.3.2 After the tube is rolled and threaded, there shall be no defects such as cracks and wrinkles on the surface. The shape deviation, size deviation and surface roughness of the threaded smoke tube shall meet the requirements of the design documents.8 Fabrication and assembly of main parts8.1 Boiler shell, flue, header 8.1.1 The cylindrical shell section butt joints of the shell, flue, the butt joint of the cylinder body and the tube plate (head), and the butt joint of the header meet the following requirements. 8.1.2 The straightness of the boiler shell and flue per meter length shall not be greater than 1.5 mm. The full-length straightness shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 16507.5.The total length deviation of the boiler shell is. The length deviation and full-length straightness of the header shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/T 16507.5. 8.2 Serpentine tubes, membrane wall tube panels, wing (fin) tubes, etc. 8.2.1 The fabrication of serpentine tubes and membrane wall tube panels shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of GB/T 16507.5. 8.2.2 The fabrication of high-frequency resistance welding spiral wing (fin) tubes shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of NB/T 47030. 8.3 Braces 8.3.1 Braces (including straight tie rods, diagonal tie rods, stay tubes, stay plates) shall not be spliced. 8.3.2 The dimensional deviation of the braces shall meet the requirements of the design documents. 8.6 Steel structure The fabrication and inspection of boiler steel structure shall meet the requirements of NB/T 47043. 8.7 Assembly of pressure elements 8.7.1 The assembly of tube joints on the boiler shell and header shall meet the following requirements. 8.8.5 Individual protrusions with a height exceeding 1 mm on the surface of the pressure element shall be ground. 8.8.6 The cracks and gaps caused by the quality of the steel plate not meeting the requirements and over-burning shall not be repaired by welding. 8.8.7 Surface grinding and welding repair shall meet the following requirements.9 Expansion joints9.1 General requirements 9.1.1 The calculated temperature at the expansion joint shall not exceed 400°C. 9.2 Expansion joint tube hole 9.2.1 The expansion joint tube holes shall not be opened on the spliced weld of the tube plate or the longitudinal weld of the boiler shell (drum). When the expansion joint tube hole must be opened on the circumferential weld, it shall be handled according to 11.4.6 b). 9.3 Expansion joint tubes 9.3.1 There shall be no defects such as heavy skin, cracks, longitudinal grooves, and pressure deviation on the surface of the expansion joint tube. The depth of defects such as transverse grooves and pits at the expansion joint shall not be greater than 10% of the nominal wall thickness of the tube. 9.3.2 The material of the expansion joint tube shall be selected with a hardness lower than that of the boiler shell (drum). 9.4 Selection of tube expander 9.4.1 The initial minimum diameter of the tube expander shall be less than the minimum internal diameter of the tube. Make sure that the tube expander fits smoothly into the tube hole. 9.5.2 The ambient temperature during expansion shall be higher than 0°C. 9.5.3 A test expansion shall be carried out before formal expansion, so as to determine a reasonable expansion rate. 9.6 Calculation methods for tube expansion rate 9.6.1 Inner diameter control method When inner diameter control is used, the tube expansion rate shall generally be controlled within the range of 1%~2.1%. The tube expansion rate can be calculated according to the formula (1). 9.8 Sticking expansion requirements 9.8.1 The expansion rate for sticking expansion shall be controlled at 0.1%~0.5% (inner diameter control method). The maximum shall not be greater than 0.7%. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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