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GB 55006-2021: Code for design of steel structures Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid
GB 55006-2021: Code for design of steel structures---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB55006-2021GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA UDC P GB 55006-2021 General specification for steel structures Issued on. APRIL 09, 2021 Implemented on. JANUARY 01, 2022 Issued by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC; State Administration for Market Regulation. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 General... 6 2 Basic requirements... 6 3 Materials... 8 4 Components and connection design... 9 4.1 Ordinary steel components... 9 4.2 Cold-formed steel components... 10 4.3 Stainless steel components... 10 4.4 Steel structure connection... 11 4.5 Fatigue... 11 4.6 Construction requirements... 12 5 Structural design... 12 5.1 Steel structure of light-weight house with portal frame... 12 5.2 Multi-floor and high-rise steel structures... 13 5.3 Large-span steel structure... 14 5.4 Tower mast steel structure... 15 5.5 Steel silo structure... 16 5.6 Urban steel bridge... 17 6 Seismic and protection design... 17 6.1 Seismic design... 17 6.2 Seismic isolation and damping design... 18 6.3 Protection design... 19 7 Construction and acceptance... 19 7.1 Production and installation... 19 7.2 Welding... 20 7.3 Acceptance... 21 8 Maintenance and removal... 22 8.1 Maintenance... 22 8.2 Structural disposal... 22 8.3 Demolition... 231 General1.0.1 In order to ensure the quality and safety of steel structure projects, implement policies on resource and energy conservation and rational utilization, protect the ecological environment, ensure the safety of people’s lives and property and personal health, prevent and reduce steel structure engineering accidents, improve the level of green development of steel structure projects, this specification is hereby formulated. 1.0.2 Except for the following projects, steel structure projects must implement this specification. 1.0.3 The construction of steel structures shall follow the following principles. 1.0.4 Whether the technical methods and measures, which are adopted in the project construction, meet the requirements of this specification, shall be determined by the relevant responsible entities. Among them, innovative technical methods and measures shall be demonstrated AND meet the relevant performance requirements in this specification.2 Basic requirements2.0.1 For the steel structure engineering, it shall determine the design service life, based on factors such as use function, construction cost, use and maintenance cost, environmental impact. It shall adopt different safety levels, according to the severity of the possible consequences of structural damage; reasonably determine the structural action and action combination, seismic action and action combination; adopt appropriate design methods, to ensure the safety, applicability, durability of the structure. 2.0.4 The use and maintenance of steel structures and components, within the design service life, shall meet the following requirements. 2.0.7 When building steel structures support power equipment or precision instruments, in addition to meeting the requirements for bearing capacity, deformation, seismic performance, the horizontal vibration of the structure and the vertical vibration of the floor, shall meet the control requirements of vibration displacement, speed, acceleration of the equipment and instruments, as well as the requirements for structural fatigue check & calculation.3 Materials3.0.1 The designations, technical conditions, performance indexes of the steel materials, which are selected for steel structure projects, shall all comply with the current relevant national standards. 3.0.2 The steel, which is used for load-bearing members of steel structures, shall have the qualified guarantee for yield strength, elongation at break, tensile strength, sulfur and phosphorus content. 3.0.3 When calculating the structural strength and stability, according to the limit state design method, the steel strength shall take the design value of steel strength, which shall be obtained by dividing the standard value of steel yield strength by the steel's resistance sub-factor. 3.0.4 Engineering steel and connecting materials shall be managed in a standardized manner. The steel and connecting materials shall be ordered, in accordance with the material selection requirements of the design documents.4 Components and connection design4.1 Ordinary steel components 4.1.1 The axial compression components shall be subject to the verification of stability. For the stable bearing capacity, it shall be calculated, according to the gross section of the member; it shall be checked separately, according to the two main axis directions of the section. For the members whose section centroid does not coincide with the shear center, it shall verify the bending-torsional buckling bearing capacity. 4.1.2 In the calculation of the bearing capacity of solid-web axial compression members, when local buckling of the plate is not allowed, the local buckling of the plate shall not precede the overall instability of the member; when the local buckling of the plate is allowed, it shall consider the influence of local buckling on the section strength and overall instability; the three-sided supporting plate shall not use the post-buckling strength. 4.2 Cold-formed steel components 4.2.1 For the axial tension members and tension-bending members, which are mainly under tension, shall be subject to the verification of strength and rigidity. 4.2.2 Axial compression members, bending members, compression-bending members, tension-bending members which are mainly subjected to bending, shall be checked for strength, stability, rigidity. 4.3 Stainless steel components 4.4 Steel structure connection 4.4.1 The calculation model of the connection and the connector shall be consistent with the actual bearing capacity of the connection; meanwhile, it shall respectively calculate and design a single connector, according to the bearing capacity limit state and the normal service limit state. 4.4.2 For ordinary bolted connections, rivet connections, high-strength bolted connections, it shall calculate the combined bearing capacity of bolts (rivets) under shear, 4.5 Fatigue 4.5.1 For steel structural members and their connections, that directly bear the repeated action of dynamic loads, when the number of cycles of stress change, n, is greater than or equal to 5 X 104, it shall carry out the fatigue calculation. 4.5.2 For components that require fatigue check calculations, the steel used shall have a qualified guarantee for impact toughness. 4.5.3 High-strength bolt pressure-bearing connection shall not be used for the connection of components, that directly bear the repeated action of dynamic load AND require fatigue calculation. 4.5.4 For the bolt-welding combined connection, it shall follow the principles that all the shear force is borne by the weld, to carry out the fatigue verification on the weld. 4.6 Construction requirements 4.6.1 The structure shall be equipped with a reliable support system, according to the geometric form, construction process, load-bearing state. In each temperature zone, earthquake-proof zone or phased construction zone, of the building (structure), it shall provide an independent support system, respectively. For large-span planar structures, the support system shall be set up, through calculations, according to the requirements for structural stability, seismic, wind resistance performance. 4.6.2 For steel members, it shall control the slenderness ratio and the width- thickness ratio of the plate, according to the structural form, seismic grade, inter-segment load; adopt stiffeners as required. 4.6.3 In the design of welded structure, it shall not increase the size of welds arbitrarily; it shall avoid the dense intersection of welds. For the tension connection of ordinary bolts, that directly bear the dynamic load, it shall adopt the double nuts or other effective measures to prevent the nuts from loosening. 4.6.4 When structural measures need to be adjusted, due to building use functions or other factors, OR for new structures, components, connection joints, it shall ensure the safety requirements, through calculation analysis and test verification.5 Structural design5.1 Steel structure of light-weight house with portal frame 5.1.1 The type selection of the steel structure, for the light-weight house with portal frame, shall be determined according to the use function and process requirements. Meanwhile, it shall set the necessary longitudinal and lateral temperature sections. 5.1.2 The steel structure, for the light-weight house with portal frame, shall provide a clear and reliable force transmission system. In each temperature zone or phased construction zone, it shall set up a support system, to ensure that each zone forms an independent spatial stability system. 5.2 Multi-floor and high-rise steel structures 5.2.1 Multi-floor and high-rise steel structures shall adopt reasonable structure layout. It shall have clear calculation diagrams, reasonable load, action transmission paths. For buildings with seismic fortification requirements, there shall be multiple seismic lines. The structural members and system shall have good deformation ability and the ability to consume seismic energy. It shall take effective strengthening measures, for possible weak parts. 5.2.6 Under normal conditions of use, multi-floor and high-rise steel structures shall have sufficient rigidity. 5.3 Large-span steel structure 5.3.1 When calculating the large-span steel structure, it shall determine the boundary conditions, according to the form of the lower supporting structure and the support structure. For the large-span steel structure with complex shape, it shall use the overall model, including the lower supporting structure, for calculation. 5.3.2 In areas with large snow loads, it shall also consider the adverse effects of uneven distribution of snow loads, when designing large-span steel structures. When the body shape is complex AND there is no reliable basis, it shall use wind and snow tests or special studies, to determine the design snow load. 5.4 Tower mast steel structure 5.4.1 For tower mast steel structures, which have complex terrain conditions or complex geometric shapes, the wind-resistant design parameters shall be determined, through wind tunnel tests or numerical simulations. 5.4.2 When designing similar structures such as TV towers, radio tower masts, power transmission towers, in ice-covered areas, it shall consider the effects of the increased load and wind-shielding area, which is caused by the icing of surface of structural members, overhead lines, ropes, as well as the unfavorable effects of uneven ice removal. For the structure of the transmission tower, it shall also consider the action of breaking tension, which is caused by icing. 5.4.3 The tower mast steel structure shall be treated with long-term corrosion protection. 5.4.4 In addition to strength and stability checking calculations, it shall also carry out local stability checking calculation, for single-tube towers. 5.4.5 The high-rise steel structure, which is subjected to fatigue dynamic action, shall be designed for fatigue resistance. 5.5 Steel silo structure 5.5.1 Independently arranged steel silos shall be set up with settlement observation points. When there are significant differences in the compressibility of the foundation soil, between the steel silo and adjacent buildings (structures) or groups of silos, it shall take measures, to reduce uneven settlement. 5.5.2 The loads and effects of steel silos shall include the following four categories. 5.5.5 Steel silos shall be subjected to the following ultimate state calculations of bearing capacity. 5.6 Urban steel bridge 5.6.1 The design of steel structure bridges shall choose a reasonable structural form. It shall propose requirements for the strength, stiffness, stability, durability of the components, during the manufacturing, transportation, installation, use process, as well as the maintenance and management during the service period. The structure and connection shall be easy to make, install, inspect, maintain. 5.6.2 The seismic fortification classification of steel structure bridges shall be determined, according to the importance of its position in the urban road network AND the structural form. Meanwhile, it shall be subject to the structural seismic analysis and structural design.6 Seismic and protection design6.1 Seismic design 6.1.1 The seismic design of steel structure shall meet the following requirements. 6.1.2 In addition to meeting the provisions of clause 3.0.2 of this specification, for the steel materials of the components or parts, that undergo plastic deformation, under the action of rare earthquakes, the super-strength coefficient shall not be greater than 1.35. 6.1.3 When calculating the seismic bearing capacity of steel structural members, the value of the seismic adjustment coefficient of bearing capacity shall comply with the requirements of current relevant national standards. 6.1.4 For the connection of the plastic energy dissipation zone of the seismic members of the steel structure, the ultimate bearing capacity shall be greater than the bearing capacity of the connected members, when they are fully plastically deformed. 6.2 Seismic isolation and damping design 6.2.1 In the design of seismic isolation and energy dissipation, the seismic isolation device and damping components shall meet the following requirements. 6.2.2 The seismic isolation support shall be checked for vertical bearing capacity and horizontal displacement under rare earthquakes. 6.2.3 Under the action of rare earthquakes, the energy dissipating components shall not have low-cycle fatigue failure and damage to the joints connected to them; meanwhile the energy dissipation performance shall be stable. The energy dissipation components of metal displacement type shall not yield, under the action of basic wind pressure. 6.3 Protection design 6.3.1 The protection of steel structure shall be in accordance with the durability performance target of the whole life cycle of the building. It shall ensure the normal use of the steel structure, under normal maintenance conditions. 6.3.2 The design fire resistance limit of steel structural components shall be determined, according to the fire resistance grade and component category of the building.7 Construction and acceptance7.1 Production and installation 7.1.1 The processing and production of component in factory shall adopt industrial methods, such as mechanization and automation. It shall adopt information management. 7.1.2 The high-strength large hexagon head bolt connection pair and the torsion-shear type high-strength bolt connection pair shall be accompanied by the inspection report of the torque coefficient and the tight coaxial force (pre- tension), respectively, as well as the exit-factory quality warranty. The high- strength bolt connection pair shall enter the site, according to the batch, AND be used in the same batch. 7.1.5 The steel structure hoisting operation must be carried out, within the rated lifting capacity of the lifting equipment. The slings, such as wire ropes, sling belt, shackles, hooks, which are used for hoisting, shall pass the inspection AND be used within their rated allowable load range. 7.1.6 For large and complex steel structures, it shall carry out calculation of construction forming process, as well as the construction process monitoring. During construction and tensioning of cable-membrane structure or prestressed steel structure, it shall follow the principles of grading, symmetry, uniform speed, synchronization. 7.1.7 The steel structure construction plan shall include special protective construction content, OR a special protective construction plan shall be prepared. It shall clarify the operation methods and environmental protection measures of on-site protective construction. 7.2 Welding 7.3 Acceptance 7.3.1 Steel structure's anticorrosive coatings, number of coating passes, coating thickness shall all meet the requirements of the design and coating product specification. When the design does not require the thickness of the coating, the total thickness of the dry paint film of the coating shall be 150 µm outdoor, 125 µm indoor, AND have an allowable deviation of -25 µm. The inspection quantity and inspection method shall meet the following requirements. 7.3.2 The coating thickness of the intumescent fireproof coating shall meet the design requirements of the fire resistance limit. For the coating thickness of non-intumescent fireproof coatings, 80% or more of the area shall meet the design requirements of fire endurance limit; meanwhile, the thickness of the thinnest part shall not be less than 85% of the design requirements.8 Maintenance and removal8.1 Maintenance 8.1.1 For the steel structure, it shall establish a structure use and maintenance management system throughout its life cycle, according to the structural safety level, type, use environment. 8.1.2 The maintenance of steel structure shall comply with the principle of prevention first AND combination of prevention and treatment. It shall carry out the routine maintenance, regular inspection and appraisal. 8.1.3 The daily maintenance of steel structures shall be checked for structural damage, load changes, major equipment loads and locations, the main stress- bearing components when fire trucks pass. 8.1.4 When one of the following situations occurs in a steel structure project, it shall carry out inspection and appraisal. 8.2 Structural disposal 8.3 Demolition 8.3.1 Before the demolition work, the project personnel shall be familiar with the drawings and materials; carry out detailed survey for the objects to be demolished and the surrounding environment; find out the distribution of the above ground and underground buildings and facilities, as well as adjacent buildings and structures. It shall compile the construction plan; make safety technology disclosure to the construction personnel. For the demolition work of production, use, storage of dangerous goods, the residues shall be detected and treated before the demolition; the construction can be carried out after being qualified. 8.3.2 The demolition work shall meet the following requirements. 8.3.3 Demolition by mechanical methods shall meet the following requirements. 8.3.4 Demolition by manual methods shall meet the following requirements. 8.3.5 During the demolition work, it shall ensure the stability of the remaining structure; meanwhile it shall monitor the state of the demolished object. When a hidden safety hazard is found, it must stop the work immediately. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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