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GB 43854-2024: Safety technical specification of lithium-ion battery for electric bicycle Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid
Similar standardsGB 43854-2024: Safety technical specification of lithium-ion battery for electric bicycle---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB43854-2024GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.140 CCS Y 14 Safety technical specification of lithium-ion battery for electric bicycle Issued on. APRIL 25, 2024 Implemented on. NOVEMBER 1, 2024 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of PRC. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 4 2 Normative references... 4 3 Terms and definitions... 5 4 Symbols... 5 5 Safety requirements... 5 6 Test methods... 10 7 Type test... 20 Appendix A (Normative) Test method for flame retardancy of wires... 23 References... 25ForewordThis document was drafted in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document is proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China. Safety technical specification of lithium-ion battery for electric bicycle1 ScopeThis document specifies the electrical safety, mechanical safety, environmental safety and other requirements for lithium-ion battery cells and battery packs for electric bicycles, and describes the corresponding test methods. This document applies to lithium-ion battery cells and battery packs (hereinafter referred to as cells and batteries) for electric bicycles that comply with the provisions of GB 17761.2 Normative referencesThe provisions of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this text. Among them, for referenced documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to this document; for referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) are applicable to this document. GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2.Test method - Test Db. Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle) GB/T 2423.18-2021 Environmental testing - Part 2.Test methods - Test Kb. Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution) GB/T 5169.5-2020 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 5. Test flames - Needle-flame test method - Apparatus, confirmatory test arrangement and guidance GB/T 5169.16 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16.Test flames - 50W horizontal and vertical flame test methods GB/T 17626.2 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test3 Terms and definitionsThe terms and definitions defined in GB/T 36945-2018 and the following apply to this document. 3.1 rated capacity The capacity value of a cell or battery measured under specified conditions and declared by the manufacturer. 3.2 cell A basic unit device that directly converts chemical energy into electrical energy. 3.3 battery A combination assembled by one or more cells and necessary components such as cases, terminals and protective devices. 3.4 thermal runaway The chain reaction of heat release from cells causes the battery temperature to rise uncontrollably.4 SymbolsThe following symbols apply to this document. C2.2-hour rate rated capacity (Ah)5 Safety requirements5.1 Cell safety requirements 5.1.1 Overcharge When tested according to the test method in 6.3.1, the cell shall not catch fire or explode. 5.1.2 Over discharge When tested according to the test method in 6.3.2, the cell shall not catch fire or explode. 5.1.3 External short circuit When tested according to the test method in 6.3.3, the cell shall not catch fire or explode. 5.1.6 Marking The cell shall be clearly marked with at least the following signs in a conspicuous location. 5.2 Battery safety requirements 5.2.1 Electrical safety 5.2.1.1 Electrostatic discharge After the test according to 6.4.1.1, the overcharge protection and short circuit protection functions of the battery shall be normal. 5.2.2 Mechanical safety 5.2.2.1 Extrusion When tested according to the test method in 6.4.2.1, the battery shall not catch fire or explode. 5.2.2.2 Acceleration shock When tested according to the test method in 6.4.2.2, the battery shall not leak, rupture, catch fire or explode. 5.2.2.3 Vibration When tested according to the test method in 6.4.2.3, the battery shall not leak, rupture, catch fire or explode. 5.2.2.4 Free fall When tested according to the test method in 6.4.2.4, the battery shall not catch fire or explode. 5.2.2.5 Hander strength When tested according to the test method in 6.4.2.5, the hander of the battery shall not break, and the connection between the handle and the case shall not crack or fall off. 5.2.3 Environmental safety 5.2.3.6 Flame retardancy When tested according to the test method of 6.4.3.6, the non-metallic casing of the battery shall meet the requirements of V-0 level; the printed circuit board shall meet the requirements of V-1 level; and the insulation of the wires shall not contribute to the spread of flames. 5.2.4 Heat diffusion When tested according to the test method in 6.4.4, the battery shall not catch fire or explode within 5 minutes after the thermal runaway alarm is issued. 5.2.5 Mutual recognition and coordinated charging The battery shall have the function of mutual recognition and coordinated charging with the charging device. When tested according to the test method in 6.4.5, the battery shall first be mutually recognized and collaboratively identified with the charging device, and charging can only begin after the mutual recognition and collaborative identification are passed. 5.2.6 Data collection During the battery charging and discharging processes, at least the following data such as cell voltage, battery total voltage, temperature, and current, shall be collected in real time. 5.2.7 Marking The battery shall be clearly and durably marked with at least the following marks in a conspicuous location.6 Test methods6.1 Test conditions 6.1.1 Environmental requirements Unless otherwise specified, the tests shall be carried out in the following environment. Temperature. (20±5) ℃; relative humidity. not more than 85%; atmospheric pressure. 86 kPa~106 kPa. 6.1.2 Requirements for measuring instruments and equipment The accuracy of measuring instruments and equipment shall not be less than the following. 6.1.3 Single fault condition If it is required to apply simulated faults or abnormal operating conditions, they shall be applied sequentially, simulating one fault at a time. Faults directly caused by the simulated fault conditions (such as direct damage to the device) are considered to be part of the fault conditions. 6.2 Sample preparation 6.2.1 Cell sample preparation 6.2.1.1 Standard charging If the company does not provide a charging method, the cell is charged using the following method. 6.2.1.2 Standard discharge Under the test environment of (23±2) ℃, after the cell is charged according to the method in 6.2.1.1, it is discharged at a constant current of I2(A) to the end-of-discharge voltage. 6.2.2 Battery sample preparation 6.2.2.1 Standard charging If the company does not provide a charging method, the battery is charged using the following method. 6.3 Cell safety test 6.3.1 Overcharge test After the cell is fully charged according to the test method in 6.2.1.1, use a DC power supply to charge at a current of I2(A) to 1.5 times the limited charging voltage or the total charging time reaches 1.5 h, stop charging, and then let it stand for 6 h. 6.4 Battery safety test 6.4.1 Electrical safety 6.4.3.3 Water immersion test After the battery is fully charged according to the test method in 6.2.2.1, it is immersed in a water tank at a temperature of (20±5) ℃ (based on the water submerging the top of the battery) for 48 hours, and then taken out and left to stand for 4 hours. 6.4.3.6 Flame retardancy test The non-metallic case and printed circuit board of the battery shall be tested in accordance with GB/T 5169.16; the wires shall be tested in accordance with Appendix A. 6.4.4 Thermal diffusion test 6.4.4.1 Trigger method Heating or overcharging is recommended as an optional method for thermal diffusion testing. Either method can be selected, but the selected method shall be able to trigger the thermal runaway of the cell. 6.4.4.2 Trigger object After the battery is charged according to 6.2.2.1, select a cell near the center of the battery or surrounded by other cells as the trigger object. 6.4.4.3 Heating trigger Heating-triggered thermal runaway method. Use a flat or rod-shaped heating device, and its surface is covered with a ceramic or insulating layer. 6.4.4.5; after installation, start the heating device within 24 hours and heat the trigger object with the maximum power of the heating device; the power requirements for the heating device are shown in Table 2, and the heating power can be increased if necessary to ensure that the trigger object has thermal runaway; stop heating when the trigger object has thermal runaway. 6.4.4.4 Overcharge trigger Overcharge triggered thermal runaway method. Charge the trigger object with constant current at the maximum current that the battery can continuously operate until thermal runaway occurs or the stage-of-charge of the trigger object reaches 3 times the rated capacity of the battery; 6.4.4.5 Monitoring point layout plan Follow the scheme below. 6.4.4.6 Judgment conditions for battery thermal runaway triggering The judgment conditions are as follows. 6.4.4.7 Records Record the time from when the battery issues a thermal runaway alarm to when it catches fire or explodes, as well as the battery status within 1 hour after the thermal runaway of the cell is triggered. If the battery does not catch fire or explode, it is considered that the battery has passed the thermal diffusion test. 6.4.5 Mutual recognition and coordinated charging test The test method for the mutual recognition and coordinated charging function between the battery and the charging device is as follows. 6.4.6 Data collection test Perform data collection and verification according to the communication method or host computer provided by the manufacturer. 6.4.7 Marking The marking test is carried out as follows.7 Type test7.1 Test regulations When one of the following situations occurs, a type test shall be carried out. 7.2 Test samples and test procedures In the absence of special requirements, samples for type tests shall be randomly selected from products that have passed factory inspection. 7.3 Test criteria If all type test items are passed, the product's type test is considered PASS. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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