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GB 16151.1-2008: [Including 2009XG1] Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1: Tractor Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB 16151.1: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB 16151.1-2008: [Including 2009XG1] Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1: Tractor---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB16151.1-2008 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 65.060.01 B 90 Replacing GB 16151.1 ~ 16151.3-1996 Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1: Tractor ISSUED ON: JULY 04, 2008 IMPLEMENTED ON: JANUARY 01, 2009 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of PRC; Standardization Administration of PRC. Table of ContentsForeword ... 3 1 Scope ... 5 2 Normative references ... 5 3 Terms and definitions... 6 4 Whole machine ... 7 5 Engine ... 8 6 Driving system ... 9 7 Frame and walking system ... 9 8 Steering system ... 10 9 Brake system ... 11 10 Lighting, signaling, other electrical equipment ... 13 11 Hydraulic suspension and traction device ... 16 12 Cabs and other components ... 16 13 Control of exhaust pollutants ... 17 14 Noise control ... 18 Appendix A (Normative) Test method for braking performance ... 19 Appendix B (Normative) Inspection method of irradiation position of headlamp beam ... 21 Appendix C (Normative) Noise test method at driver's operating position ... 22 Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1: Tractor1 ScopeThis Part of GB 16151 specifies the basic technical requirements, for the operation safety, exhaust pollution control, noise control, on the complete tractor and its engine, drive train, walking system, steering system, braking system, lighting and signal devices, hydraulic suspension and traction devices, cab and other components. This Part applies to the safety inspection of wheeled, crawler, walking tractors and tractor towing trailer for transportations, which are used in China. Other power machinery, which has tractor function AND used for agricultural operations, may make reference to this Part.2 Normative referencesThe provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Part of GB 16151 through reference in this Part. For the dated references, the subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Part; however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Part are encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies. GB 3847-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E. (Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E. GB/T 3871.3 Agricultural tractors - Test procedures - Part 3: Power tests for power take-off (GB/T 3871.3-2006, ISO 789-1:1990, MOD) GB/T 3871.8 Agricultural tractors - Test procedures - Part 8: Noise measurement (GB/T 3871.8-2006, OECD R5:2002, MOD) GB/T 4269.1 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 1: Common symbols (GB/T 4269.1-2000, idt ISO 3767-1:1991) GB/T 4269.2 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other display - Part 2: Symbols for agricultural tractors and machine (GB/T 4269.2-2000, idt ISO 3767- 2:1991)6 Driving system6.1 The casing of the clutch, transmission, transfer case, drive axle, final drive, power take-off, starter transmission mechanism shall be free of cracks; there shall be no abnormal noise or abnormal temperature rise, during operation. 6.2 The clutch disengagement shall be thorough; the engagement shall be smooth. Its free stroke shall meet the requirements of product technical documents. For the clutch operating force: a) The pedal shall not exceed 350 N (double-acting clutch shall not exceed 400 N); b) The handle shall not exceed 100 N. 6.3 The gearbox shall not have disordered gear and automatic dislocation. 6.4 The differential lock of a tractor, which is equipped with a differential lock, shall be reliable; the operating handle or pedal shall return quickly, without jamming.7 Frame and walking system7.1 The frame shall be complete; there shall be no cracks, deformation, serious corrosion that affect safety; bolts and rivets shall not be missing and loose. 7.2 The front and rear axles shall not have deformation and cracks, which affect safety; the engine frame shall not have cracks. 7.3 The hub, rim, web, lock ring shall not have cracks or deformations, which affect safety; the nuts shall be complete and tightened according to the specified torque. 7.4 The model of tires shall comply with the provisions of the product technical documents. During transportation, driving wheels with smooth treads OR steering wheels with tread heights below 3.2 mm shall not be installed; the retreaded tires shall not be installed. The tire sidewall and tread shall not have exposed lines, or rupture and cut which have a length of more than 25 mm and depth enough to expose the ply. 7.5 The direction of the driving tire's tread shall not be reversed (except in the desert). The left and right tires, on the same axis, have the same tread pattern and roughly the same degree of wear. 7.6 The tractor towing trailer for transportation is not allowed to be equipped with high tread tires. 7.7 The tire pressure shall be consistent with the requirements of the product's technical documents. 7.8 The toe-in value of the front wheel shall comply with the requirements of the product's technical documents. 7.9 The front and rear wheels shall be provided with fenders, according to the requirements of the technical documents. 7.10 The length of the track buffer spring, after preloading, shall meet the requirements; the left and right shall be equal. The idler axle and its wishbones shall be able to move back and forth, without hindrance.8 Steering system8.1 The steering wheel shall be flexibly steered, easy to operate, free from blockage; its maximum free rotation shall not exceed 30°. 8.2 The steering of the tractor shall be provided with a steering limit device. The steering system is not allowed to interfere with other components, in any operating position. 8.3 The steering system shall be light and flexible; there shall be no swing, jitter, deviation, or other abnormal phenomena, on flat, dry, hard pavements. 8.4 Steering wheel's operating force: a) The mechanical steering gear shall not exceed 250 N; b) When the full hydraulic steering gear fails, it shall not exceed 600 N. 8.5 Steering mechanism shall ensure smooth steering. The minimum steering circle's diameter shall meet the requirements of product technical documents. 8.6 For the steering vertical arm, the steering knuckle arm, the longitudinal and transverse tie rods between them, they are connected reliably and without deformation. The ball head clearance and the front wheel bearing clearance are appropriate; there shall be no looseness. The front wheel shall be free from noticeable swing, when driving along flat road, at high speed. 8.7 When the full hydraulic steering wheel is turned from the limit position at one side to the limit position at another side, the number of rotations of the steering wheel shall not exceed 5 turns. 8.8 The oil level of the hydraulic steering system shall be normal; there shall be no leakage everywhere; there is no air in the oil circuit. 8.9 The working stroke and free stroke of the steering lever of the crawler tractor shall meet the requirements of the product technical documents. The maximum operating force shall not be greater than 250 N. of the tractor, at a height of 1.2 m above the ground. 10.10 Sensitive and effective wipers shall be installed on the front windshield of the cab; sunshade devices shall be provided.11 Hydraulic suspension and traction device11.1 The hydraulic suspension mechanism shall rise and fall smoothly; there shall be a limit or locking device. 11.2 The positioning and return functions of the lifting control system of the split hydraulic system are normal. 11.3 The operating handle of the hydraulic system shall be positioned accurately; the operating conditions of the handle shall conform to the marked position. 11.4 The rods of the hydraulic suspension and traction device shall not have cracks, damage or deformation affecting safety. The limit chain, safety chain, all bolts and lock pins shall be complete and intact. All parts shall be free from abnormal wear. 11.5 The traction device of the tractor towing trailer for transportation shall be firm and free from serious wear. The traction pin shall be provided with a safety lock pin; it shall be equipped with a safety cable and chain.12 Cabs and other components12.1 The number of occupants shall comply with the technical documents. 12.2 The doors and windows of the cab shall be opened and closed easily; they can be closed tightly. 12.3 For wheeled tractors, which have a rated engine power of 36.8 kW or more, AND are engaged in farmland operations, they shall be equipped with a safety frame. 12.4 There are at least two emergency exits in the cab, which are not on the same side AND can be easily opened from the cab, including doors for normal access. The minimum cross-sectional size of the emergency exit shall be able to contain an oval, which has a 640 mm long axle and 440 mm short axle. 12.5 There shall be no sharp protrusions, inside or outside the cab, which can cause injury; the interior materials shall have high anti-burning properties. 12.6 The visibility around the cab shall be good; the windshield and door and window glass shall be safety glass. 12.7 The driver's seat of the wheeled tractor shall be firmly fixed; the position can be adjusted. 12.8 The control components are reasonably arranged and easy to operate; the control symbols and other symbols shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 4269.1 ~ 4269.2. 12.9 The cab shall be provided with anti-skid pedals and handles for climbing; the height of the first step of the cab, from the ground, shall not be greater than 550 mm. 12.10 A rear-view mirror shall be installed, on the left and right sides of the front of the tractor; the position shall be appropriate; the image in the mirror shall be clear. 12.11 The tractor shall at least be provided with a front number plate holder. The tractor towing trailer for transportation shall be provided with front and rear number plate holders, wherein the front number plate holder shall be in the middle or right of the front, the rear number plate holder shall be in the middle or left of the rear. The area of the number plate holder shall not be less than 300 mm wide and 165 mm high. Two number plate's mounting holes, which have a diameter of 8 mm and a center distance of 125.5 mm, shall be preset. The positioning dimension of the left hole is 24.5 mm from the left side of the number plate holder AND 17.5 mm from the top. 12.12 For the tractor or tractor towing trailer for transportation, which has the function of self-unloading cargo box, it shall be provided with a mechanical locking device in the maintenance state after lifting; the locking device in the transportation state shall be provided for the rollover self-unloading cargo box; the locking device shall be reliable. 12.13 The fuel tank and battery shall not be installed in the cab. The distance from the exhaust pipe shall not be less than 300 mm, OR an effective heat insulation device shall be provided. 12.14 Tractors, which are engaged in field harvesting, threshing, transporting flammable materials, shall be equipped with fire extinguishers; their exhaust pipes shall be equipped with a safe and reliable device, for extinguishing waste gas sparks. 12.15 The outlet of the exhaust pipe shall not be directed towards the driver or other operator. 12.16 The tractor towing trailer for transportation shall be equipped with warning signs.13 Control of exhaust pollutantsRefer to Appendix K of GB 3847-2005, for the smoke measurement method of tractor, during free acceleration. The emission limit is that, the new machine shall be not more than Rb 5.0; the in-use machine shall be not more than Rb 6.0.Appendix A(Normative) Test method for braking performance A.1 Test method for braking performance in road test A.1.1 The road test to check the braking performance shall be carried out on a flat (slope shall not exceed 1%), dry and clean hard pavement (the adhesion coefficient between the tire and the pavement shall not be less than 0.7). A.1.2 Draw the side line of the test lane, which has a width corresponding to the braking stability requirements, as shown in Table 2 in 9.4.1, on the test pavement. Put the transmission in neutral, when the tested tractor increases to beyond the specified initial speed, along the centerline of the test lane; when it slides to the specified initial speed, the maximum operating force of the brake pedal shall not exceed 600 N, the maximum operating force of the brake handle shall not exceed 400 N; at this time, park the tractor, by pressing the brake suddenly. A.1.3 Measure the braking distance of the tractor with a speedometer, fifth wheel meter or other test methods. A.2 Test method for bench test braking performance A.2.1 Inspection by a drum brake test bench a) The surface of the drum of the brake test bench shall be dry and free from loose substances and oil stains. The driver drives the tractor onto the drum; corrects the position; starts the drum; applies the brakes. Measure the parameter values required in Table 3 in 9.4.2; record whether the wheels are locked. b) When measuring braking, in order to obtain sufficient adhesion to avoid wheel locking, it is allowed to add enough additional mass to the tractor OR apply a force equivalent to the additional mass (additional mass or force is not included in the axle load). It may also take measures, to prevent the tractor from moving (such as adding triangular pads or towing, etc.). c) When the above method is adopted, if the wheel still locks and slips on the drum OR the whole machine rolls backward with the drum, whilst the braking force still does not meet the qualified requirements, the road test method can be used for inspection. A.2.2 Inspection by a flat-plate brake test bench a) The flat surface of the brake test bench shall be dry AND free from loose No.1 Amendment sheet to national standard GB 16151.1-2008 "Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1: Tractor" This revision was approved by the National Standardization Administration on June 10, 2009. It would be implemented from July 1, 2009. The revised content of the national standard GB 16151.1-2008 "Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1: Tractor" is as follows: 1. In the foreword: CHANGE the "The main changes of this part, as compared with GB 16151.1 ~ 16151.3-1996, are as follows: - ADD the requirements for the safety frame, number plate holder, fire extinguisher and warning sign, for components such as the cab" into "ADD the requirements for the number plate holder, fire extinguisher, warning sign, for components such as the cab"; DELETE "- ADD the noise test method at the driver’s operating position"; 2. In the foreword, CHANGE that "Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C of this Part are normative appendixes." into "Appendix A and Appendix B of this Part are normative appendixes.". 3. Add "NY 345.1 Tractor number plate", to the normative references in Chapter 2. 4. In clause 4.1.2, CHANGE that "...the sign shall indicate the brand, model, engine rated power, exit-factory serial number, exit-factory year, name of the manufacturer." into "The sign shall indicate the trademark or brand, model, engine rated power, exit- factory serial number, exit-factory year, name of the manufacturer.". 5. In clause 4.9, CHANGE that "The specific power of the wheeled tractor towing trailer for transportation shall not be less than 4.0 kW/t." into "The specific power of the tractor towing trailer for transportation shall not be less than 4.0 kW/t.". 6. CHANGE the clause 5.3 into: "There shall be an indicating device for water temperature and oil pressure, which shall work normally. The evaporative water tank shall have a water level indicator.". 7. CHANGE clause 8.5 into: "The steering mechanism shall ensure smooth steering. The minimum steering circle GB 16151.1-2008 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 65.060.01 B 90 Replacing GB 16151.1 ~ 16151.3-1996 Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1.Tractor ISSUED ON. JULY 04, 2008 IMPLEMENTED ON. JANUARY 01, 2009 Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of PRC; Standardization Administration of PRC.Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Terms and definitions... 6 4 Whole machine... 7 5 Engine... 8 6 Driving system... 9 7 Frame and walking system... 9 8 Steering system... 10 9 Brake system... 11 10 Lighting, signaling, other electrical equipment... 13 11 Hydraulic suspension and traction device... 16 12 Cabs and other components... 16 13 Control of exhaust pollutants... 17 14 Noise control... 18 Appendix A (Normative) Test method for braking performance... 19 Appendix B (Normative) Inspection method of irradiation position of headlamp beam ... 21 Appendix C (Normative) Noise test method at driver's operating position... 22 Technical requirements of operating safety for agricultural machinery - Part 1.Tractor1 ScopeThis Part of GB 16151 specifies the basic technical requirements, for the operation safety, exhaust pollution control, noise control, on the complete tractor and its engine, drive train, walking system, steering system, braking system, lighting and signal devices, hydraulic suspension and traction devices, cab and other components. This Part applies to the safety inspection of wheeled, crawler, walking tractors and tractor towing trailer for transportations, which are used in China. Other power machinery, which has tractor function AND used for agricultural operations, may make reference to this Part.2 Normative referencesThe provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Part of GB 16151 through reference in this Part. For the dated references, the subsequent amendments (excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Part; however, parties who reach an agreement based on this Part are encouraged to study if the latest versions of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies. GB 3847-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E. (Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E. GB/T 3871.3 Agricultural tractors - Test procedures - Part 3.Power tests for power take-off (GB/T 3871.3-2006, ISO 789-1.1990, MOD) GB/T 3871.8 Agricultural tractors - Test procedures - Part 8.Noise measurement (GB/T 3871.8-2006, OECD R5.2002, MOD) GB/T 4269.1 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 1. Common symbols (GB/T 4269.1-2000, idt ISO 3767-1.1991) GB/T 4269.2 Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other display - Part 2. Symbols for agricultural tractors and machine (GB/T 4269.2-2000, idt ISO 3767- 2.1991)6 Driving system6.1 The casing of the clutch, transmission, transfer case, drive axle, final drive, power take-off, starter transmission mechanism shall be free of cracks; there shall be no abnormal noise or abnormal temperature rise, during operation. 6.2 The clutch disengagement shall be thorough; the engagement shall be smooth. Its free stroke shall meet the requirements of product technical documents. For the clutch operating force. a) The pedal shall not exceed 350 N (double-acting clutch shall not exceed 400 N); b) The handle shall not exceed 100 N. 6.3 The gearbox shall not have disordered gear and automatic dislocation. 6.4 The differential lock of a tractor, which is equipped with a differential lock, shall be reliable; the operating handle or pedal shall return quickly, without jamming.7 Frame and walking system7.1 The frame shall be complete; there shall be no cracks, deformation, serious corrosion that affect safety; bolts and rivets shall not be missing and loose. 7.2 The front and rear axles shall not have deformation and cracks, which affect safety; the engine frame shall not have cracks. 7.3 The hub, rim, web, lock ring shall not have cracks or deformations, which affect safety; the nuts shall be complete and tightened according to the specified torque. 7.4 The model of tires shall comply with the provisions of the product technical documents. During transportation, driving wheels with smooth treads OR steering wheels with tread heights below 3.2 mm shall not be installed; the retreaded tires shall not be installed. The tire sidewall and tread shall not have exposed lines, or rupture and cut which have a length of more than 25 mm and depth enough to expose the ply. 7.5 The direction of the driving tire's tread shall not be reversed (except in the desert). The left and right tires, on the same axis, have the same tread pattern and roughly the same degree of wear. 7.6 The tractor towing trailer for transportation is not allowed to be equipped with high tread tires. 7.7 The tire pressure shall be consistent with the requirements of the product's technical documents. 7.8 The toe-in value of the front wheel shall comply with the requirements of the product's technical documents. 7.9 The front and rear wheels shall be provided with fenders, according to the requirements of the technical documents. 7.10 The length of the track buffer spring, after preloading, shall meet the requirements; the left and right shall be equal. The idler axle and its wishbones shall be able to move back and forth, without hindrance.8 Steering system8.1 The steering wheel shall be flexibly steered, easy to operate, free from blockage; its maximum free rotation shall not exceed 30°. 8.2 The steering of the tractor shall be provided with a steering limit device. The steering system is not allowed to interfere with other components, in any operating position. 8.3 The steering system shall be light and flexible; there shall be no swing, jitter, deviation, or other abnormal phenomena, on flat, dry, hard pavements. 8.4 Steering wheel's operating force. a) The mechanical steering gear shall not exceed 250 N; b) When the full hydraulic steering gear fails, it shall not exceed 600 N. 8.5 Steering mechanism shall ensure smooth steering. The minimum steering circle's diameter shall meet the requirements of product technical documents. 8.6 For the steering vertical arm, the steering knuckle arm, the longitudinal and transverse tie rods between them, they are connected reliably and without deformation. The ball head clearance and the front wheel bearing clearance are appropriate; there shall be no looseness. The front wheel shall be free from noticeable swing, when driving along flat road, at high speed. 8.7 When the full hydraulic steering wheel is turned from the limit position at one side to the limit position at another side, the number of rotations of the steering wheel shall not exceed 5 turns. 8.8 The oil level of the hydraulic steering system shall be normal; there shall be no leakage everywhere; there is no air in the oil circuit. 8.9 The working stroke and free stroke of the steering lever of the crawler tractor shall meet the requirements of the product technical documents. The maximum operating force shall not be greater than 250 N. of the tractor, at a height of 1.2 m above the ground. 10.10 Sensitive and effective wipers shall be installed on the front windshield of the cab; sunshade devices shall be provided.11 Hydraulic suspension and traction device11.1 The hydraulic suspension mechanism shall rise and fall smoothly; there shall be a limit or locking device. 11.2 The positioning and return functions of the lifting control system of the split hydraulic system are normal. 11.3 The operating handle of the hydraulic system shall be positioned accurately; the operating conditions of the handle shall conform to the marked position. 11.4 The rods of the hydraulic suspension and traction device shall not have cracks, damage or deformation affecting safety. The limit chain, safety chain, all bolts and lock pins shall be complete and intact. All parts shall be free from abnormal wear. 11.5 The traction device of the tractor towing trailer for transportation shall be firm and free from serious wear. The traction pin shall be provided with a safety lock pin; it shall be equipped with a safety cable and chain.12 Cabs and other components12.1 The number of occupants shall comply with the technical documents. 12.2 The doors and windows of the cab shall be opened and closed easily; they can be closed tightly. 12.3 For wheeled tractors, which have a rated engine power of 36.8 kW or more, AND are engaged in farmland operations, they shall be equipped with a safety frame. 12.4 There are at least two emergency exits in the cab, which are not on the same side AND can be easily opened from the cab, including doors for normal access. The minimum cross-sectional size of the emergency exit shall be able to contain an oval, which has a 640 mm long axle and 440 mm short axle. 12.5 There shall be no sharp protrusions, inside or outside the cab, which can cause injury; the interior materials shall have high anti-burning properties. 12.6 The visibility around the cab shall be good; the windshield and door and window glass shall be safety glass. 12.7 The driver's seat of the wheeled tractor shall be firmly fixed; the position can be adjusted. 12.8 The control components are reasonably arranged and easy to operate; the control symbols and other symbols shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 4269.1 ~ 4269.2. 12.9 The cab shall be provided with anti-skid pedals and handles for climbing; the height of the first step of the cab, from the ground, shall not be greater than 550 mm. 12.10 A rear-view mirror shall be installed, on the left and right sides of the front of the tractor; the position shall be appropriate; the image in the mirror shall be clear. 12.11 The tractor shall at least be provided with a front number plate holder. The tractor towing trailer for transportation shall be provided with front and rear number plate holders, wherein the front number plate holder shall be in the middle or right of the front, the rear ... ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of English version of GB 16151.1-2008 be delivered?Answer: The full copy PDF of English version of GB 16151.1-2008 can be downloaded in 9 seconds, and it will also be emailed to you in 9 seconds (double mechanisms to ensure the delivery reliably), with PDF-invoice.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB 16151.1-2008_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. 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