GB/T 19779-2005 PDF English
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Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Calculation of oil quantities -- Static measurement
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GB/T 19779-2005: Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Calculation of oil quantities -- Static measurement
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GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 75.080
E 30
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Calculation of oil
quantities - Static measurement
Issued on: MAY 25, 2005
Implemented on: NOVEMBER 01, 2005
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 7
4 Rounding off of values... 10
5 Preparation of basic data... 10
6 Calculation of gross observed volume (Vgo)... 12
7 Calculation of gross standard volume... 19
8 Sediment and water... 20
9 Calculating net standard volume... 20
10 Calculating weight, apparent mass in air... 20
11 Calculated mass (mass in vacuum)... 21
12 Direct mass measurement... 21
13 Calculation sequence... 21
14 Measurement tickets (or reports)... 23
Appendix A (Informative) Comparison of chapters between this standard and Part 1 of
Chapter 12.1 of the MPMS... 25
Appendix B (Informative) Comparison of domestic and international terms and
symbols in this standard... 26
Appendix C (Informative) Correction of the oil gauge height of vertical oil tanks... 27
Appendix D (Informative) Calculation method for on-board quantity (OBQ) or
remaining on-board (ROB)... 29
Appendix E (Informative) Trim and heel corrections for oil tankers... 31
Appendix F (Informative) Calculation process and examples for shore tanks and oil
tankers... 33
Petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Calculation of oil
quantities - Static measurement
1 Scope
This standard specifies the calculation method for the static liquid quantity of crude oil,
petroleum products, petrochemical products (hereinafter referred to as oil products) in
oil storage containers. It defines the terminology used in static oil quantity calculations;
provides formulas for calculating certain correction factors. The principle is that
regardless of whether the underlying data is collected manually or automatically,
different users can calculate consistent results using the same underlying data (tank
capacity tables, liquid levels, density, temperature, etc.).
This standard applies to the calculation of oil quantity in vertical cylindrical tanks,
tankers, railroad tank cars, horizontal cylindrical tanks, truck tankers, other oil storage
containers under atmospheric pressure.
This standard does not cover the calculation of oil quantity for wall oil, non-liquid
substances, trace residual oil, or oil and gas spaces.
The reference conditions for calculating static oil quantity in this standard. standard
temperature of 20 °C and atmospheric pressure of 101.325 kPa.
2 Normative references
The provisions in following documents become the provisions of this Standard through
reference in this Standard. For the dated references, the subsequent amendments
(excluding corrections) or revisions do not apply to this Standard; however, parties who
reach an agreement based on this Standard are encouraged to study if the latest versions
of these documents are applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document applies.
GB/T 260 Test method for water in petroleum products - Distillation method
GB/T 1884 Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Laboratory
determination of density - Hydrometer method (GB/T 1884-2000, eqv ISO
3675.1998)
GB/T 1885 Petroleum measurement tables (GB/T 1885-1998, eqv ISO 91-2)
GB/T 4756 Method for manual sampling of petroleum liquids (GB/T 4756-1998,
JJG 266 Verification regulation of the volume of horizontal metallic tank
JJG 702 Ship liquid cargo tank capacity
SH/T 0604 Crude petroleum and petroleum products - Determination of density -
Oscillating U-tube method (SH/T 0604-2000, eqv. ISO 12185.1996)
ISO/TR 8338 Crude petroleum oil - Transfer accountability - Method for estimation
on ships of total quantity remaining on board (ROB)
ISO 3171 Petroleum liquids - Automatic pipeline sampling
API MPMS Chapter 2 Tank calibration
API MPMS Chapter 17 Tanker measurement
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard. For a table of international
and domestic terminology symbols, see Appendix B.
3.1
Free water (FW)
Water that forms an independent layer in an oil product and is primarily present
below the oil product. VFW represents the deduction of free water, which includes
bottom sediment.
3.2
Sediment and water (SW)
Suspended sediment, dissolved water, suspended water in oil products are
collectively referred to as sediment and water. Their mass fraction or volume
fraction, volume, mass are expressed as SW%, Vsw, msw, respectively.
3.3
Correction for SW (CSW)
This is the correction factor used to correct the gross standard volume to the net
standard volume, or the gross mass to the net mass, by deducting sediment and water
(SW) from the oil product.
3.4
Volume correction factor (VCF)
4 Rounding off of values
The rounding off method for values shall comply with GB/T 8170.In most cases, the
number of decimal places used will be influenced by the data source. For example, if a
tank capacity table is calibrated to the nearest liter, the derived volume value shall be
recorded accordingly. However, in the absence of other limiting factors, the user shall
round to the number of decimal places specified in Table 1.The data in Table 1 shall
not be considered as the accuracy requirements of the measuring instrument. When
verifying the compliance of calculation methods with this standard, the display and
printing hardware shall have a binary word length of at least 32 bits or be capable of
displaying 10 digits.
5 Preparation of basic data
To obtain accurate results for oil inventory and transfer within tankers or tankers, it is
necessary to ensure that the basic data for calculating oil quantity (such as liquid level,
oil temperature, density, moisture content) is obtained simultaneously according to
prescribed standard methods and recorded on the same measurement ticket or
measurement report.
5.1 Volume table
Oil storage containers must be calibrated according to the relevant standards and have
a volume table that meets the standard requirements. The calibration standards for
vertical oil tanks, horizontal oil tanks, railway tank cars, truck tankers, oil tankers shall
be GB/T 13235.1 ~ GB/T 13235.3 (or JJG 168), GB/T 17605 (or JJG 266), JJG 140,
JJG 133, MPMS Chapter 2 (Section 8A) (or JJG 702), in that order.
5.2 Oil level
Accurately measure and record the actual or empty height of the oil product according
to GB/T 13894 or other automated measurement methods that meet accuracy
requirements. Also, measure and record the total height of the gauge opening in use and
the total height of the gauge opening indicated on the volume table, as needed. If free
water and sediment are present at the bottom of the container, the height of the free
water and sediment shall be measured and recorded.
5.3 Measuring temperature
The measuring temperature of the oil product shall be measured and recorded in
accordance with GB/T 8927 or other automated measurement methods, that meet the
accuracy requirements, ultimately obtaining the average measuring temperature of the
oil product in the tank or tanker.
5.4 Sampling
To determine the density of the oil product in the tank, tanker, or in transit, as well as
the mass or volume fraction of sediment and water, sampling shall be conducted
according to the requirements of GB/T 4756 or ISO 3171 based on actual measurement
needs for experimental analysis.
5.5 Standard density
The standard density of the sample collected in Section 5.4 shall be determined in
accordance with GB/T 1884, GB/T 13377, or SH/T 0604, to obtain a standard density
representative of the oil product in the tank.
5.6 Mass or volume fraction of sediment and water (SW%)
Depending on the oil product type and trade agreement, determine the water mass or
volume fraction according to GB/T 260 or GB/T 8929; determine the sediment mass or
volume fraction according to GB/T 6531.The sum of these two values is used to
determine the sediment and water mass and volume fractions. Alternatively, the water
and sediment mass or volume fractions in crude oil can be determined simultaneously
according to GB/T 6533.
5.7 Ambient air temperature
For non-insulated tanks, the tank wall temperature is significantly affected by the
external environment. When calculating the correction factor for the temperature effect
on the tank wall, the ambient air temperature must be considered in addition to the
liquid temperature. The ambient air temperature surrounding the oil tank is a random
and widely varying quantity, so particular attention shall be paid to selecting the optimal
measurement location. The following methods are recommended for measuring
ambient gas temperature.
a) Use a mobile temperature measuring device to measure the temperature one or
more times in a darkened location in the tank area; take the average value as the
ambient gas temperature;
b) Use a surface thermometer permanently installed in a darkened location in the
tank area;
c) Use data provided by a local meteorological station.
5.8 Additional data for oil tankers
a) Forward draft reading;
b) Aft draft reading;
c) List.
6 Calculation of gross observed volume (Vgo)
6.1 Vertical cylindrical tank
6.1.1 Overview
According to formula (1), subtract all free water (Vfw) from the total observed volume
(Vto) and multiply the result by the correction for temperature of the shell (CTSh), to
obtain the gross observed volume (Vgo). For floating roof tanks, the volume of liquid
discharged from the floating roof (Vfrd) shall be deducted from the calculation.
Note. China generally uses mass as the basis for settlement of bulk oil products. Therefore, the
volume of liquid discharged from the floating roof is also deducted based on mass, that is, the
last subtraction term in formula (1) is omitted. However, in this case, Vgo includes the volume
of liquid discharged from the floating roof, which has no actual significance for the oil quantity
and only serves as an intermediate variable in the oil quantity calculation.
6.1.2 Total observed volume
Use the oil level measured in 5.2 to consult the oil tank capacity table, to obtain the
calibrated volume at the corresponding height, i.e., the total observed volume of the oil
product. When the oil tank capacity table is compiled according to the empty tank
volume and the liquid static pressure expansion volume, the total observed volume (Vto)
shall be calculated according to formula (2).
Where.
Vc - The empty tank volume at the corresponding height obtained by checking the
oil tank capacity table according to the oil product height;
ΔVc - The volume expansion value of the oil tank under the static pressure of the
calibration liquid, which is obtained by checking the liquid static pressure volume
correction table according to the oil product height;
ρc - The density of the calibration liquid used when compiling the oil tank static
pressure volume correction table, usually the density of water;
ρw - The measured density of the working liquid during the operation of the oil tank,
which can be obtained by multiplying the standard density (ρ20) by the volume
correction factor (VCF) at the measuring temperature.
Note. When measuring the actual liquid height directly or indirectly using a dipstick or
automatic level gauge, the effect of the oil temperature on the dipstick reading and the total
height of the inspection port shall be considered. Before using the liquid height to check the
tank volume table, corrections shall be made according to the recommended method in
Appendix C.
6.1.3 Deducting free water (FW) and tank bottom sediment
Before and after oil transfer, the amount of free water and tank bottom sediment shall
be measured to make appropriate corrections to the gross observed volume. The free
water and sediment depths can be used to determine the volumes to be deducted from
the tank volume table.
6.1.4 Effect of tank wall temperature on calibrated volume (CTSh)
When the tank temperature changes, its volume also changes accordingly. The volume
table of oil tanks usually gives the volume at standard temperature. The actual tank wall
temperature during measurement is usually different from the standard temperature.
According to formula (9), the free water is subtracted from the gross observed volume
(Vto) and the result is multiplied by the correction for temperature of the shell (CTSh),
to obtain the gross observed volume (Vgo).
6.3.2 Total observed volume
Using the oil product height to consult the tank capacity table, to obtain the calibrated
volume (Vc) of the tank at the corresponding height at standard temperature. If the oil
product height is between the tabled heights, interpolation can be used for calculation.
For such small tanks, the effect of hydrostatic expansion can be ignored; the total
metered volume is approximately equal to the calibrated volume (Vto = Vc).
6.3.3 Deducting free water and tank bottom sediment
Subtract the volume of free water and bottom sediment using the same method as in
6.1.3.
6.3.4 Effect of tank wall temperature on calibrated volume (CTSh)
For horizontal oil tanks, railroad tank cars, truck tank cars, the correction factor for the
effect of tank wall temperature on calibrated volume and the tank wall temperature are
determined, using the same method as for vertical cylindrical oil tanks. The dipstick
level is corrected according to Section C.2.
6.4 Other containers
For other containers, calculations continue from Section 7 based on the available gross
observed volume of the internal liquid (Vgo).
7 Calculation of gross standard volume
7.1 Volume correction factor
According to GB/T 1885, the volume correction factor (VCF) for correcting the gross
observed volume to the gross standard volume is obtained, by referring to the volume
correction factor table for the corresponding oil product, based on the measured
temperature of the oil product determined in Section 5.3 and the standard density
determined in Section 5.5.
7.2 Gross standard volume
Multiply the gross observed volume (Vgo) determined in Chapter 7 by the volume
correction factor (VCF), to obtain the gross standard volume (Vgs).
8 Sediment and water
Crude oil and certain petroleum products contain sediment and water (SW). The
correction for SW (CSW) shall be calculated using the test results in 5.6 according to
the following formula.
Unless required by trade or otherwise specified, petroleum products are generally not
corrected for sediment and water. In this case, the net standard volume is equal to the
gross standard volume.
Note. The sediment and water (SW) content (SW%) can be determined as either volume
fraction or mass fraction. The method to be used shall be determined based on whether the oil
quantity calculation is based on volume or mass.
9 Calculating net standard volume
Multiply the gross standard volume (Vgs) by the correction for sediment and water
(CSW), to obtain the net standard volume (Vns).
Note. If only the apparent mass of the oil is ultimately required, the gross weight (mg) can be
calculated directly from the gross standard volume (Vgo) according to Section 10.Subtract the
mass fractions of sediment and water from the gross weight to obtain the net weight (mn). This
calculation step can be omitted.
10 Calculating weight, apparent mass in air
10.1 Overview
The gross weight (mg) or net weight (mn) of the oil can be calculated by multiplying
Vgs or Vns by the weight converting factor (WCF).
10.2 Deducting floating roof discharge volume, sediment and water (SW) by
volume
10.3 Correcting floating roof discharge volume, sediment and water by mass
Multiply the gross standard volume (Vgs) by the weight converting factor (WCF) and
subtract the apparent mass of the floating roof (mfr) (for floating roof tanks), to obtain
the gross weight of the oil product (mg). Multiply this by the correction factor for
sediment and water (CSW), to calculate the net weight of the oil product (mn).
11 Calculated mass (mass in vacuum)
For crude oil and its products, it is generally preferred to calculate mass by multiplying
Vgs and Vns by the standard density (ρ20). However, mass can also be calculated by
multiplying the density and volume at the same measurement temperature. In this case,
the volume shall be the gross observed volume (Vgo). Density is generally calculated
using VCF and the standard density, obtained by referring to the volume correction
factor table in GB/T 1885, based on the measurement temperature and standard density.
Petrochemical products generally use the latter method to calculate quantity.
Note. For petrochemical products, the density temperature coefficient shall generally be known
or measured. The density at the measurement temperature shall be calculated from the density
temperature coefficient and the known density before the mass is calculated.
12 Direct mass measurement
Some measurement methods determine mass by measuring the static pressure of the
liquid rather than the liquid level, such as hydrostatic tank gauging systems. The
calculation methods used in these methods may include corrections for the effects of
temperature on the liquid, the effects of liquid density on the floating roof, or the effects
of temperature on the tank wall. In such cases, these corrections shall not be repeated.
The calculation methods can be found in GB/T 18273.
13 Calculation sequence
13.1 Overview
If all the basic data required to calculate net oil quantity are available, one of the
following calculation steps may be selected based on the transfer agreement. The
method for obtaining the basic data is outside the scope of this standard. During the
calculation, deductions not applicable to specific situations are treated as zero; any
inapplicable corrections are fixed at 1.0000.The calculation process for oil inventory
and transfer volumes is provided in Appendix F.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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