GB/T 21451.2-2019 PDF in English
GB/T 21451.2-2019 (GB/T21451.2-2019, GBT 21451.2-2019, GBT21451.2-2019)
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Petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Measurement of level and temperature in storage tanks by automatic methods -- Part 2: Measurement of level in marine vessels
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 21451.2-2019
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GB/T 21451.2-2019: PDF in English (GBT 21451.2-2019) GB/T 21451.2-2019
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 75.180.30
E 30
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products -
Measurement of Level and Temperature in Storage
Tanks by Automatic Methods - Part 2: Measurement of
Level in Marine Vessels
(ISO 4266-2:2002, MOD)
ISSUED ON: MARCH 25, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 1, 2019
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 6
4 Requirements ... 6
5 Accuracy ... 9
6 Installation of Marine ALG ... 10
7 Onboard Inspection of Marine ALG ... 11
8 Data Communication ... 13
Appendix A (informative) Influencing Factors of Liquid Level Measurement of
Marine Vessels ... 15
Appendix B (informative) Influencing Factors of Volume Measurement of
Marine Vessels ... 17
Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products -
Measurement of Level and Temperature in Storage
Tanks by Automatic Methods - Part 2: Measurement of
Level in Marine Vessels
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 21451 provides the accuracy, installation, calibration and inspection
guidance for immersive and non-immersive automatic level gauge (ALG), which is
adopted for the measurement of level of petroleum and liquid petroleum products,
which are transported in marine vessels and with the Reid vapor pressure of less than
100 kPa.
This Part also provides the guidance for the application of marine ALG in custody
transfer metering. However, generally speaking, the consensus of both parties
involved in the custody transfer metering is needed.
This Part is inapplicable to the measurement of level in refrigerated marine vessels.
2 Normative References
The following documents are indispensable to the application of this document. In
terms of references with a specified date, only versions with a specified date are
applicable to this document. In terms of references without a specified date, the latest
version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 13236 Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products - Equipment for Measurement
of Liquid Levels in Storage Tanks - Manual Method (GB/T 13236-2011, ISO 4512:2000,
MOD);
GB/T 13894 Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products - Measurement of Liquid Level
in Tank - Manual Method;
GB/T 21451.5 Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products - Measurement of Level and
Temperature in Storage Tanks by Automatic Method - Part 5: Measurement of
Temperature in Marine Vessels (GB/T 21451.5-2019; ISO 4266-5:2002, MOD);
ISO 1998 (all parts) Petroleum Industry - Terminology;
ISO 8697:1999 Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products - Transfer Accountability -
Assessment of On Board Quantity (OBQ) and Quantity Remaining on Board (ROB)
4.2.9 Mixed air and vapor
Before the measurement of liquid level, retain sufficient time, so that the mixed air or
vapor can thoroughly flow out of the liquid.
4.2.10 Swaying of vessels
During lightering, offshore operation, or when vessels are berthed at an open berth,
the swaying of vessels will trigger liquid fluctuation in the vessels. Within the shortest
period of time, conduct reading for at least 3 times; obtain an average reading. When
vessels are dramatically swaying because of the acutely fluctuating waves, within the
shortest period of time, conduct reading for at least 5 times.
As a part of the digital display device, some ALGs provide internal screening algorithm.
At a certain interval, obtain an average reading of the liquid level. The screening time
may be fixated, or, may be accordingly adjusted in accordance with the motion of the
vessels.
4.3 The Application of Marine ALG in Custody Transfer Metering
Due to the influencing factors provided in Appendix A and Appendix B, generally
speaking, marine ALG cannot be applied to custody transfer metering. However, when
there are no other measurement methods that can reliably be used as a substitute,
liquid level measurement conducted by marine ALG may also be used for custody
transfer metering. However, generally speaking, the consensus of both parties
involved in the custody transfer metering will be needed.
5 Accuracy
5.1 Inherent Error of ALG
Inherent error of ALG is error of ALG inspection conducted under the control conditions
stipulated by the manufacturer. The accuracy of all ALG liquid level measurement is
under the influence of its inherent error.
5.2 Calibration before Installation
Marine ALG used for custody transfer metering shall be calibrated before installation
(namely, in factory or laboratory). In at least 3 points within the expected measurement
range of ALG, the difference between ALG and certified standard shall be within 3 mm.
Certified standard shall be traceable to national primary standards and be equipped
with a calibration correction meter. After applying the calibration correction value, its
uncertainty shall not exceed 0.5 mm.
NOTE: certified standard refers to reference standard which has a valid verification or
calibration certificate. In terms of the uncertainty of certified standard, its metrology
ALG shall be positioned in a location with relatively weak influence from the turbulence
and fluctuation of liquid level in marine vessels. In the design of the installation location,
consider avoiding the prevention of damages caused by vessel-washing. In terms of
mechanical float-type ALG, which cannot endure the fluctuation of liquid level or the
operation of vessel-washing, when it is not in service, the function of float storage shall
be provided.
In terms of cuboid vessels, ALG shall be positioned in the geometric center of marine
vessels. Thus, correction of longitudinal inclination and transverse inclination may be
avoided. In terms of marine vessels that contain curved edges, for example, fore and
aft side tank, in order to avoid the influence of the curved part at the bottom of marine
vessels, ALG shall be installed near the inner bulkhead.
At present, the integration level of marine vessel design and ALG technology restricts
the application of ALG in the metering of partially loaded or fully loaded vessels.
Therefore, other measurement locations need to be adopted to satisfy the demand of
small-volume (on board quantity and quantity remaining on board) metering (see ISO
8697).
6.3 Location of Manual Calibration Checkpoint
In order to accurately compare the manually measured liquid level and the
automatically metered liquid level, manual calibration checkpoint shall be positioned
near ALG (namely, within 1 m).
6.4 Metering of Inert Marine Vessels
In terms of marine vessels that are connected with inert gas system, the design and
installation of ALG shall guarantee that maintenance and calibration are conducted
under the condition with no decompression.
7 Onboard Inspection of Marine ALG
7.1 General Requirements
7.1.1 Inspection of operating stability of liquid level sensing element in the dock
After the installation and before the calibration of immersive ALG, inspect liquid level
sensing element; make sure that it can freely operate within the whole measuring
range. The above inspection shall be slowly conducted, so as to simulate the practical
operating condition and avoid damage to ALG.
7.1.2 Consideration of specific ALG technology
Other specific technology that would affect ALG inspection shall be considered. Before
the inspection, additional steps might need to be adopted to prepare for ALG. For
7.4.4 ALG adjustment
7.4.4.1 When the difference between the average ALG reading and the average
manual measurement reading exceeds 6 mm, ALG shall be re-adjusted or re-set, so
as to implement consistency with the value of manual measurement. The above-
mentioned setting and the causes for the setting shall be recorded in vessel equipment
maintenance record.
7.4.4.2 After the re-adjustment, in accordance with 7.4.3, compare the ALG reading
and the manual measurement reading. If the difference between the average ALG
reading and the average manual measurement reading is within 6 mm, then, it is
unnecessary to adopt any further measures.
7.4.4.3 When ALG cannot be adjusted to a consistent value as the average reading of
manual measurement, it may be corrected. The corrected value shall be indicated near
ALG digital display equipment and shall be used to correct ALG reading. The condition
of such correction shall be recorded in vessel documents.
7.5 Inspection with Alternative Method
As a matter of fact, due to operation restrictions (for example, airtight or restricted
measurement requirement), deficiency of correctly positioned points for manual
measurement or adverse marine conditions (such as surges and swaying of vessels),
it is generally difficult to obtain reliable manual measurement data to inspect ALG. As
an alternative method, by comparing ALG measured value with a stable reference
height value which is pre-set on marine vessels or ALG still-pipe, onboard inspection
may be conducted. The above method and steps might vary with the type of ALG.
Hence, the inspection shall be conducted in accordance with ALG manufacturer’s
requirements.
7.6 ALG Regular Inspection Plan
In terms of vessels which cannot verify ALG accuracy (through the comparison with
manual measurement or pre-set reference height value) in accordance with the
stipulations, inspection shall be conducted at least once in each quarter.
7.7 Data Storage
ALG inspection record shall be archived and shall be made convenient for the
inspection by involved parties. Recorded data shall be kept for at least 1 year or 20
voyages.
8 Data Communication
8.1 Introduction
Appendix A
(informative)
Influencing Factors of Liquid Level Measurement of Marine Vessels
Being irrelevant with the applied ALG, liquid level measurement by marine ALG is
under the influence of the following defects:
a) Small-volume (on board quantity and quantity remaining on board)
measurement. It is difficult to use ALG to measure the liquid level of small-
volume on board quantity and quantity remaining on board.
b) Accurate determination of longitudinal inclination and transverse inclination. It
is difficult to accurately determine longitudinal inclination and transverse
inclination. In addition, the correction of longitudinal inclination and transverse
inclination will affect the accuracy of liquid level measurement of marine vessels.
Due to swelling, drooping, twisting and bending, the depth of immersion of
multiple points might need to be measured. The correction of longitudinal
inclination that is suitable for the vessels shall be adopted. If ALG digital display
device has the function of correcting longitudinal inclination and transverse
inclination, the correction method shall be consistent with ISO 8697.
c) Influence brought by fluctuation in marine vessels triggered by the swaying of
vessels. Due to the fluctuation in marine vessels, the measurement of the
average value of liquid level becomes extremely difficult. The indicating value
of many ALGs is instant liquid level obtained in a point of measurement.
However, manual measurement of liquid level is inclined to the measurement
of peak height. Hence, it is difficult to calibrate ALG when there is fluctuation in
the vessels. Some ALGs provide an internal screening algorithm through a
digital display device; the average value of liquid level reading within a certain
period of time may be calculated. The screening time may be fixated, or, may
be accordingly adjusted in accordance with the swaying of the vessels.
d) Dimensional variation of vessels caused by petroleum or water temperature
change. The dimensions of marine vessels vary with the changes of petroleum
or water temperature, and other factors. Hence, the conversion between liquid
level and volume would be affected. The variation of the vertical height of
marine vessels will change the reference height, which may further influence
the accuracy of liquid level measurement by ALG that is installed on the top
deck.
e) Dimensional variation of vessels caused by swelling or drooping. Swelling or
drooping would vary the reference height, which may further influence the
accuracy of liquid level measurement by ALG that is installed on the top deck.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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