GB 50736-2012 PDF English
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Design code for heating ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings
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GB 50736-2012: Design code for heating ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB50736-2012
UDC
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD
P GB 50736-2012
Design Code for Heating Ventilation and Air
Conditioning of Civil Buildings
Issued on. JANUARY 21, 2012
Implemented on. OCTOBER 1, 2012
Jointly issued by. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
(MHURD);
General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection
and Quarantine (AQSIQ) of PRC.
NATIONAL STANDARD
Design Code for Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning of
Civil Buildings
Chief Development Department.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic
of China
Approval Department.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic
of China
Implementation Date.
October 1, 2012
China Architecture and Building Press
2012 Beijing
Announcement of the Ministry of Housing and
Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of
China
No. 1270
Table of Contents
1 General Provisions... 8
2 Terms... 9
3 Indoor Air Design Conditions... 12
4 Outdoor Design Conditions... 15
5 Heating... 18
6 Ventilation... 34
7 Air Conditioning... 47
8 Heating & Cooling Source... 69
9 Monitor & Control... 92
10 Noise Reduction and Vibration Isolation... 99
11 Heating Insulation and Corrosion Prevention... 102
Appendix A Outdoor Air Design Conditions... 105
Appendix B Simplified Statistic Methods for Outdoor Air Design Temperature... 231
Appendix C Global Solar Irradiance for Summer... 233
Appendix D Solar Irradiance Through Standard Window Glass for Summer... 247
Appendix E Distribution Map of Atmospheric Transparency for Summer Air Conditioning... 289
Appendix F Heat Loss for Heating Cold Air Infiltrated through Gaps of Doors and Windows 290
Appendix G Orientation Correction Factor for Cold Air Infiltration... 292
Appendix H Calculation Coefficients for Simplified Calculation Method of Summer
Air-conditioning Cooling Load... 295
Appendix J Capacity of Ice Storage Equipment and Standard Rating of Duplex Refrigerating
Machine... 323
Appendix K Selection Table for Minimum Insulation Thickness of Equipment and Pipeline and
Anti-condensation Thickness of Condensate Pipe... 325
Explanation of Wording in this Code... 338
List of Quoted Standards... 339
1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to implementing the national technical and
economic policies, rationally using resources and saving energy, protecting environment,
promoting application of advanced technologies, and ensuring healthy and comfortable
working and living environment during design for heating, ventilation and air conditioning
of civil buildings.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the design for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of
constructed, renovated and extended civil buildings, not applicable to the design for the
buildings and temporary buildings with special purposes or special purification and
protection requirements.
1.0.3 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning design scheme shall be determined through
economic and technical comparison according to service, function, application requirements,
cooling/heating load features, environmental conditions and energy status of buildings, in
combination with the national policies and guidelines with regard to safety, energy saving,
environmental protection and hygiene. New technology, new process, new equipment and
new material shall be adopted in priority during design.
1.0.4 Safety protection measures must be taken for the equipment and pipelines that may
endanger human body during design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning.
1.0.5 Spaces necessary for installation, operation and maintenance of equipment, pipelines
and accessories shall be provided during design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning
system or holes for installation and maintenance shall be reserved during building design.
Transportation and hoisting conditions shall be provided or transport channels and hoisting
facilities shall be arranged for large equipment and pipelines.
1.0.6 During design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning, shockproof or other
protective measures shall be taken into consideration according to the current national
seismic fortification grade requirements.
1.0.7 Construction, debugging and acceptance requirements shall be taken into
consideration for the design of heating, ventilation and air conditioning. Where there are
special requirements in the design for construction, debugging and acceptance, they shall be
stated in the design document.
1.0.8 Design for heating, ventilation and air conditioning of civil buildings shall not only
meet the requirements of this code but also comply with those stipulated in the current
relevant ones of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Predicted mean vote (PMV)
PMV is one comprehensive evaluation index determined basing on the fundamental
equation of thermal balance of human body and the grade of subjective thermal sensation in
physiological psychology, in consideration of many relevant factors of the thermal comfort
of human body. PMV means the average index number of votes of groups for 7 (+3~3)
thermal sensation grades.
2.0.4 Central heating
The heating system, also called central heating system, for supplying heat to several
heat users from heating source, where heating source and heat sink device are arranged
respectively and heating medium pipelines are connected.
2.0.5 Standby heating
The heating arranged for keeping the required minimum room temperature in the
buildings during non-operating time or service interruption time.
2.0.6 Capillary mat radiant system
A kind of hot water radiant heating and cooling system whose radiant terminal is made
of small pipe, machined into parallel mat, and directly laid on the floor, ceiling or wall
surface.
2.0.7 Heat settlement site
The site where the heat supplier and the heat user make a trade settlement directly
through the calorie value measured by the heat meter.
3 Indoor Air Design Conditions
3.0.1 Heating indoor design temperature shall meet the following requirements.
3.0.2 Indoor design conditions for comfort air conditioning shall meet the following
requirements.
3.0.3 Indoor design temperature, relative humidity and their allowable fluctuation scope of
industrial air conditioning system shall be determined according to process demands and
health requirements. Air velocity in the personnel activity area should not be greater than
0.3m/s under heating conditions and should be 0.2 m/s~0.5m/s under cooling conditions.
4 Outdoor Design Conditions
4.1 Outdoor Air Design Conditions
4.1.1 Outdoor air design conditions of major cities shall be in accordance with Appendix A
in this code. The cities not listed in Appendix A shall be determined through calculation
according to the requirements of this section. If the basic observation data fail to meet the
requirements of this section, the outdoor design temperature for winter and summer may be
determined by the simplified method listed in Appendix B of this code.
4.1.6 Outdoor design dry-bulb temperature for summer air conditioning shall adopt the
dry-bulb temperature when unassured hours for average year are 50.
4.1.7 Outdoor design wet-bulb temperature for summer air conditioning shall adopt the
wet-bulb temperature when unassured hours for average year are 50.
4.1.8 Outdoor design temperature for summer ventilation shall adopt the mean of mean
monthly temperature at 14.00 in the hottest month in the past years.
4.1.18 Statistics of outdoor design conditions should be carried out every 30 years. Less
than 30 years, outdoor design conditions can be adopted according to the actual years, but at
least 10 years.
4.2 Solar Irradiance in Summer
4.2.1 Solar irradiance in summer shall be determined through calculation basing on local
geographical latitude, atmospheric transparency and atmospheric pressure according to the
solar declination on 21st, July.
4.2.2 Total solar irradiance of building on vertical plane and horizontal plane of each
orientation may be adopted according to Appendix C of this code.
4.2.3 Direct solar irradiance and scattered solar irradiance of standard window glass on
vertical plane and horizontal plane of each building orientation may be adopted according to
Appendix D of this code.
5 Heating
5.1 General Requirement
5.1.1 Heating mode shall be determined through technical and economic comparison
according to building scale, local meteorological conditions, energy status, policy, energy
saving, environmental protection, and living habit, etc..
5.1.4 During heating load calculations, indoor design conditions shall be determined
according to Chapter 3 of this code; outdoor design conditions shall be determined
according to Chapter 4 of this code.
5.1.5 As for the public buildings for heating arranged in the severe cold or cold zone,
indoor temperature shall be maintained above 0℃ when the buildings are out of service;
5.1.6 Central heating systems of residential buildings shall be designed according to
continuous heating.
5.1.7 As for the buildings with heating facilities, the heat transfer coefficient of their
building envelope shall meet the requirements of the current standards of the nation related
to energy saving design.
5.2 Heating Load Calculation
5.2.1 During the construction drawing design of central heating system, heating load
calculation must be carried out for each room.
5.2.9 Heat loss for heating indoor cold air infiltrating from gaps of door and window shall
be determined according to such factors as internal partition of buildings, door/window
construction, door/window orientation, indoor and outdoor temperature and outdoor air
velocity and should be calculated according to Appendix F of this code.
5.3 Radiator Heating
5.3.1 Hot water shall be adopted as heating medium in radiator heating system; central
heating system of radiator should be designed according to 75℃/50℃ continuous heating,
supply water temperature should not be greater than 85℃, and temperature difference
between supply and return water should not be less than 20℃.
6 Ventilation
6.1 General Requirement
6.1.1 Ventilation measures should be adopted in priority to eliminate excess heat, excess
moisture and harmful substance if they exist in large quantities in the buildings. Effective
comprehensive prevention and treatment measures shall be adopted for building ventilation
according to such aspects as overall planning, building design and process.
6.1.4 In the rooms with mechanical ventilation, the personnel's fresh air requirement shall
meet the requirements of 3.0.6.
6.2 Natural Ventilation
6.2.1 Buildings using natural ventilation shall meet the following requirements in the
design.
6.2.4 Effective ventilation opening area of the living and working rooms using natural
ventilation shall not be less than 5% of the floor area of such rooms; effective ventilation
opening area of the kitchens shall not be less than 10% of the floor area and shall not be less
than 0.60m2.
6.3 Mechanical Ventilation
6.3.1 The position of the air inlet of mechanical air supply system shall meet the following
requirements.
6.3.2 The air inlet of the building overall exhaust system shall be located in
compliance with the requirements below.
6.3.3 If an air heater of mechanical air supply system is adopted, the outdoor air
calculation parameter shall adopt the outdoor calculation temperature for heating; if it is
used for compensating the overall exhaust heat loss, the outdoor calculation temperature for
winter ventilation shall be adopted.
6.5 Equipment Selection and Layout
6.5.1 Ventilators shall be selected according to the pipeline characteristic curve and fan
performance curve and shall meet the following requirements.
6.5.2 When equipment such as air heater, air cooler and air heat recovery device are
selected, the air leakage of duct and equipment shall be additionally incorporated. The
allowable air leakage of the system shall not exceed the additional air volume in 6.5.1.
6.6 Duct Design
6.6.1 The ducts for ventilation and air-conditioning systems should adopt round, oblate or
rectangular (the ratio of the long to the short side should not be larger than 4) section. The
section dimensions of duct should comply with the relevant requirements of the current
national standard "Code of Acceptance for Construction Quality of Ventilation and Air
Conditioning Works" (GB 50243).
7 Air Conditioning
7.1 General Requirement
7.1.1 In one of the following cases, air conditioning shall be arranged.
7.1.2 The air-conditioned zone should be arranged collectively. The air-conditioned zones
of similar functions, temperature and humidity radices, service requirement, etc. should be
arranged in an adjoining manner.
7.1.5 The air pressure in the air-conditioned zone shall meet the following requirements.
7.1.6 The thermal engineering of building in comfort air-conditioned zone shall be
designed according to the building properties and the climate region of building in the
locality, and shall meet the relevant requirements of current national standards for energy
efficiency design.
7.1.9 The outer wall of industrial air conditioning system area, its orientation and located
level shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 7.1.9.
7.2 Cooling Load Calculation
7.2.1 Heating and cooling load indexes may be used for necessary estimation in
schematic design or preliminary design stages and additionally in construction drawing
design stage, the heating load in winter and hourly cooling load in summer shall be
calculated for the air-conditioned zone.
7.2.5 As for the heat gains below of the air-conditioned zone, their cooling loads in
summer formed shall be calculated with stable state method.
7.2.6 The summer cooling load of air-conditioned zone shall be calculated in accordance
with the following requirements.
7.3 Air Conditioning System
7.3.1 Air conditioning systems shall be selected in accordance with the following
principles.
7.3.2 For the air-conditioned zone meeting one of the following conditions, air
conditioning wind systems shall be respectively arranged; if sharing is required, the
air-conditioned zone with higher criterion requirements shall undergo treatment.
8 Heating & Cooling Source
8.1 General Requirement
8.1.1 Heating & cooling source for heating and air-conditioning shall be determined by
comprehensive argumentation according such requirements and factors as. building scale
and function; energy resource condition, structure and price in construction location; and
policies on energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection of the
nation, and they shall meet the following requirements.
8.1.5 Number of water chiller (heat pump) and selection of single-unit cooling capacity
(heating capacity) in concentrated air conditioning system shall be adaptable to the load
variation rule of air-conditioning all year around and satisfy seasonal and partial load
requirements.
8.4 Lithium-bromide Absorption-type Water Chiller
8.4.1 Where lithium-bromide absorption-type water-chiller (warmer) is adopted, the
energy type adopted shall be determined according to the local resource situation; multiple
energies available should be determined as the priority below.
8.4.2 Type of lithium-bromide absorption-type water chiller shall be selected and
determined according to heating source parameters. Lithium-bromide absorption-type water
chiller adopting direct burning of mineral energy and providing heating source shall not be
single-effect unit except specified in items 1 and 2 in Article 8.4.1 and expect that regional
or municipal centralized hot water is used as heating source.
8.5.2 Except for the adoption of direct evaporative cooler system, closed cycle system
shall also be adopted for the air conditioning water system.
9 Monitor & Control
9.1 General Requirement
9.1.1 Monitor and control equipment or system shall be arranged for the heating,
ventilation and air conditioning system and shall meet the following requirements.
9.1.2 The parameter check of heating, ventilation and air conditioning system shall meet
the following requirements.
9.1.3 for the power equipment adopting centralized monitoring system control, local
manual control device shall be arranged, and it shall realize the transition between the long
distance and local manual control through remote/local change-over switch; the state of
remote/local change-over switch shall be one of the test parameters of monitoring system.
9.1.6 Central monitoring management system shall meet the following requirements.
9.2 Transducer and Actuator
9.2.1 The selection of transducer shall meet the following requirements.
9.2.3 The arrangement of pressure (pressure difference) transducer shall meet the
following requirements.
9.2.4 The arrangement of flow transducer shall meet the following requirements.
9.4 Monitor and Control of Air Conditioning System
9.4.1 The following parameters of air-conditioning system shall be inspected.
9.4.2 For the annual operating air-conditioning system, the monitoring design of multiple
operating condition.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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