HJ 437-2008 PDF English
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Technical specification for on-board diagnostic(OBD) system of compression ignition and gas fuelled positive ignition engines of vehicles
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HJ 437-2008: Technical specification for on-board diagnostic(OBD) system of compression ignition and gas fuelled positive ignition engines of vehicles
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National Environmental Protection Standard
of the People’s Republic of China
Technical specification for on-board diagnostic (OBD)
system of compression ignition and gas fuelled
positive ignition engines of vehicles
Issued on. JUNE, 24, 2008
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2008
Issued by. Ministry of Environmental Protection
HJ
Notice of Ministry of Environmental Protection
of the People’s Republic of China
No. 25 in 2008
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Type approval and application... 10
5 Technical requirements and test... 11
6 Access to OBD system information... 22
7 Production consistency... 23
8 Extension of type approval... 23
Annex A (Normative) Materials submitted for type approval... 25
Annex B (Normative) Type approval test of on-board diagnosis (OBD) system... 28
Annex C (Normative) Malfunction indicator and fault code... 36
Annex D (Normative) Diagnosis signal... 39
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the technical specification and test method for on-board
diagnostic (OBD) system - compression ignition engines and vehicles with such
engines; and positive ignition engines and vehicles with such engines which are
fuelled by natural gas (NG) or liquid petroleum gas (LPG).
This Standard applies to the type approval and production consistency inspection for
the OBD system of the compression ignition (including gas fuelled positive ignition)
engines; and the relevant vehicles of classes M2, M3, N1, N2 and N3 which are
designed for speed greater than 25 km/h; and vehicles of class M1 which have total
mass greater than 3500 kg.
For N1 and N2 vehicles fitted with compression ignition (including gas fuelled positive
ignition) engines, if the OBD system type approval has been made in accordance with
GB 18352.3-2005, Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles
(Ⅲ, Ⅳ). the type approval specified in this Standard may be omitted for their engines.
2 Normative references
The articles contained in the following documents have become part of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For the undated documents so quoted, the effective
edition shall be applicable to this Standard.
GB 17691 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from compression
ignition and gas fuelled positive ignition engines of vehicles (China III IV V Stages)
GB 18352.3-2005 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty
vehicles (China III IV Stages)
HJ 438-2008, Durability of emission control systems of compression ignition and gas
fuelled positive ignition engines of vehicles
ISO 2575 Road vehicles -- symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
ISO 15031-3 Road vehicles -- Communication between vehicle and external
equipment for emissions-related diagnostics -- Part 3.Diagnostic connector and
related electrical circuits, specification and use
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Standard, the terms and definitions given in GB 17691 and
HJ 438-2008, Durability of emission control systems of compression ignition and gas fuelled
positive ignition engines of vehicles and the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Defeat strategy
Any of the below mentioned strategies is considered as the defeat strategy.
A kind of auxiliary emission control strategy (AECS) which enables that, under
reasonable and normal operating conditions, a vehicle has an emission control
efficacy lower than that under the basic emission control strategy (BECS);
3.2 deNOx system
An exhaust after-treatment system designed for reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx). For
example, NOx catalyst of positive and passive lean-burn engines, adsorptive NOx
catalyst and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system.
3.3 Combined deNOx-particulate filter
An exhaust after-treatment system designed for reducing both nitrogen oxides (NOx)
and particulate matter (PM).
4 Type approval and application
4.1 Application of type approval
The application of OBD system type approval shall comply with GB 17691, clause 4.
The manufacturer shall simultaneously provide the information as required in annex A
of this Standard, as relevant.
4.3 Type approval
The type test shall be carried out as specified in sub-clause 4.2 and the engine/
vehicle models which satisfy the requirements of clause 5 shall be type approved.
4.4 Type approval of OBD system with deficiency
4.4.1 If the OBD system has one or more deficiencies which do not fully satisfy the
requirements of this Standard, the manufacturer may still apply type approval with the
type approval body.
4.4.3 The type approval body will not accept deficient application which has no
diagnosis monitoring.
4.4.4 The type approval body will not accept deficient application that the
manufacturer has not considered the limits specified in sub-clause 5.1.3.
4.4.5 When determining the sequence of identifying deficiencies, first priority shall be
given to - those about OBD 1 stage. sub-clauses 5.3.2.1, 5.3.2.2, 5.3.2.3, 5.3.2.4 and
5.3.5; and those about OBD 2 stage. sub-clauses 5.4.2.1, 5.4.2.2, 5.4.2.3, 5.4.2.4 and
5.3.5.
4.4.6 Before or during type approval, except those specified in sub-clause D.8.5 of
annex D, no deficiency shall be approved with respect to the contents required in
sub-clauses 5.3.3 and 5.5, and annex D.
4.4.7 Period with deficiency
5 Technical requirements and test
5.1 OBD system and limits
5.1.1 China's Stage IV
All the compression-ignition engines and the vehicles fitted with such engines, which
have reached the China's Stage IV emissions standards in accordance with GB
17691, shall be fitted with on-board diagnosis (OBD) system. And the engines or
vehicles shall be designed, installed, and produced in accordance with those
specified in sub-clause 5.3 (OBD1 stage) and sub-clause 5.5 (requirements for
ensuring proper operation of NOx emission control measures).
5.2 General requirements of OBD system
5.2.1 The OBD system shall be designed, constructed and installed to ensure that it
may identify the malfunction types during the total service life of the engine. But, the
type approval body shall accept such case that, after the engine has been operated
exceeding the useful life defined in HJ 438-2008, the OBD system performance may
be possibly deteriorated to a certain extent and that, before the OBD system sends
the malfunction alarm signal to the driver, there is possibility that the emission
exceeds the corresponding limits specified in sub-clause 5.1.3.
5.3 Requirements of OBD1 stage
5.3.1 When the OBD systems of all the diesel engines and the vehicles fitted with
diesel engine are defective such that the emission exceeds the corresponding limit
specified in sub-clause 5.1.3, they shall display the malfunction of relevant
components or systems and reminder the driver of the existence of such malfunction.
5.3.2 In order to meet the requirements of OBD1 stage, the OBD system shall
monitor.
5.3.3 Major functional failure
5.3.3.1 As alternatives as required in sub-clauses 5.3.2.1 to 5.3.2.4, the following
major functional failures of the exhaust after-treatment system may be monitored for
the OBD1 stage of the diesel engines.
5.3.3.2 Major functional failure of deNOx system. For example, the deNOx system
being fully removed or replaced with a false system (i.e. man-made major functional
failure), lack of necessary reagent in the deNOx system, electrical malfunction of the
SCR system, any electrical malfunction of the deNOx system (e.g. sensor, actuator,
and reagent fixed-quantity control device), including reagent heating and injection
systems (e.g. no air supply, clogged nozzle, and defective injection pump) (if
applicable).
5.5 Requirements for ensuring proper operation of NOx emission control
measures (called NOx control)
5.5.1 General requirements
5.5.1.1 During type approval, the manufacturer shall specify the characteristics of the
reagent consumed by the exhaust after-treatment system if the engine system needs
reagent.
6 Access to OBD system information
6.1 Replacement of components and parts, diagnosis tools, and testing
equipment
6.1.1 At the time of application for type approval or for change in type approval,
relevant information and data of the OBD system shall be submitted simultaneously.
These relevant information and data shall enable the parts-and-components’
manufacturers to produce compatible and trouble-free OBD system with respect to
the type-approved vehicle.
6.1.2 Based on the fair principle, once the application is received, the type approval
body shall give the OBD system related information and data to any manufacturer of
any component, diagnosis, or testing equipment.
6.1.2.1 For spare parts or service parts, application can only be submitted for the
information and data related to such component or relevant system.
6.2.2.
6.2.2 The manufacturer shall allow those enterprises which have reasonably paid
charging-fees to obtain the technical data needed for vehicle repair and maintenance,
unless otherwise that such data are patented or legally protected, or, that such
technology can be demonstrated as confidential in a certain way. Even if in such
instance, necessary technical information shall not be concealed.
6.2.3 In the type approval and in-service vehicle inspection procedure, if
non-conformance of such provisions is found, the type approval body shall take
proper measures to ensure attainment of the repair and maintenance information.
7 Production consistency
7.1 If the administrative type approval body does not think that the production quality
of a certain vehicle model may possibly meet the requirements, the body shall
arbitrarily take a sample engine from the products produced in batch to carry out the
test stated in annex B. The test may be carried out on an engine which has been
operated for 100 h and below.
7.2 If such engine conforms to the test requirements stated in annex B, it is
considered that the OBD system production consistency meets the requirements.
7.3 Should the engine sampled from the in-batch products fails to meet the test
requirements stated in annex B, additional four engines shall be arbitrarily taken from
the products produced in batch to carry out the test stated in annex B. The test may
be carried out on an engine which has been operated for 100 h and below.
7.6 The vehicle manufacturer shall take production consistency assurance measures
to ensure that the OBD system on each vehicle can normally operate when it is
shipped from the factory.
8 Extension of type approval
8.1 Determination of OBD-engine family
8.1.1 Each basic design parameter defined for the OBD system of the OBD-engine
family shall be same within the family.
8.1.2 If a group of engine systems is considered as OBD-engine family, the following
basic parameters shall be the same.
National Environmental Protection Standard
of the People’s Republic of China
Technical specification for on-board diagnostic (OBD)
system of compression ignition and gas fuelled
positive ignition engines of vehicles
Issued on. JUNE, 24, 2008
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2008
Issued by. Ministry of Environmental Protection
HJ
Notice of Ministry of Environmental Protection
of the People’s Republic of China
No. 25 in 2008
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 6
4 Type approval and application... 10
5 Technical requirements and test... 11
6 Access to OBD system information... 22
7 Production consistency... 23
8 Extension of type approval... 23
Annex A (Normative) Materials submitted for type approval... 25
Annex B (Normative) Type approval test of on-board diagnosis (OBD) system... 28
Annex C (Normative) Malfunction indicator and fault code... 36
Annex D (Normative) Diagnosis signal... 39
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the technical specification and test method for on-board
diagnostic (OBD) system - compression ignition engines and vehicles with such
engines; and positive ignition engines and vehicles with such engines which are
fuelled by natural gas (NG) or liquid petroleum gas (LPG).
This Standard applies to the type approval and production consistency inspection for
the OBD system of the compression ignition (including gas fuelled positive ignition)
engines; and the relevant vehicles of classes M2, M3, N1, N2 and N3 which are
designed for speed greater than 25 km/h; and vehicles of class M1 which have total
mass greater than 3500 kg.
For N1 and N2 vehicles fitted with compression ignition (including gas fuelled positive
ignition) engines, if the OBD system type approval has been made in accordance with
GB 18352.3-2005, Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles
(Ⅲ, Ⅳ). the type approval specified in this Standard may be omitted for their engines.
2 Normative references
The articles contained in the following documents have become part of this Standard
through reference in this Standard. For the undated documents so quoted, the effective
edition shall be applicable to this Standard.
GB 17691 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from compression
ignition and gas fuelled positive ignition engines of vehicles (China III IV V Stages)
GB 18352.3-2005 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty
vehicles (China III IV Stages)
HJ 438-2008, Durability of emission control systems of compression ignition and gas
fuelled positive ignition engines of vehicles
ISO 2575 Road vehicles -- symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
ISO 15031-3 Road vehicles -- Communication between vehicle and external
equipment for emissions-related diagnostics -- Part 3.Diagnostic connector and
related electrical circuits, specification and use
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Standard, the terms and definitions given in GB 17691 and
HJ 438-2008, Durability of emission control systems of compression ignition and gas fuelled
positive ignition engines of vehicles and the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Defeat strategy
Any of the below mentioned strategies is considered as the defeat strategy.
A kind of auxiliary emission control strategy (AECS) which enables that, under
reasonable and normal operating conditions, a vehicle has an emission control
efficacy lower than that under the basic emission control strategy (BECS);
3.2 deNOx system
An exhaust after-treatment system designed for reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx). For
example, NOx catalyst of positive and passive lean-burn engines, adsorptive NOx
catalyst and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system.
3.3 Combined deNOx-particulate filter
An exhaust after-treatment system designed for reducing both nitrogen oxides (NOx)
and particulate matter (PM).
4 Type approval and application
4.1 Application of type approval
The application of OBD system type approval shall comply with GB 17691, clause 4.
The manufacturer shall simultaneously provide the information as required in annex A
of this Standard, as relevant.
4.3 Type approval
The type test shall be carried out as specified in sub-clause 4.2 and the engine/
vehicle models which satisfy the requirements of clause 5 shall be type approved.
4.4 Type approval of OBD system with deficiency
4.4.1 If the OBD system has one or more deficiencies which do not fully satisfy the
requirements of this Standard, the manufacturer may still apply type approval with the
type approval body.
4.4.3 The type approval body will not accept deficient application which has no
diagnosis monitoring.
4.4.4 The type approval body will not accept deficient application that the
manufacturer has not considered the limits specified in sub-clause 5.1.3.
4.4.5 When determining the sequence of identifying deficiencies, first priority shall be
given to - those about OBD 1 stage. sub-clauses 5.3.2.1, 5.3.2.2, 5.3.2.3, 5.3.2.4 and
5.3.5; and those about OBD 2 stage. sub-clauses 5.4.2.1, 5.4.2.2, 5.4.2.3, 5.4.2.4 and
5.3.5.
4.4.6 Before or during type approval, except those specified in sub-clause D.8.5 of
annex D, no deficiency shall be approved with respect to the contents required in
sub-clauses 5.3.3 and 5.5, and annex D.
4.4.7 Period with deficiency
5 Technical requirements and test
5.1 OBD system and limits
5.1.1 China's Stage IV
All the compression-ignition engines and the vehicles fitted with such engines, which
have reached the China's Stage IV emissions standards in accordance with GB
17691, shall be fitted with on-board diagnosis (OBD) system. And the engines or
vehicles shall be designed, installed, and produced in accordance with those
specified in sub-clause 5.3 (OBD1 stage) and sub-clause 5.5 (requirements for
ensuring proper operation of NOx emission control measures).
5.2 General requirements of OBD system
5.2.1 The OBD system shall be designed, constructed and installed to ensure that it
may identify the malfunction types during the total service life of the engine. But, the
type approval body shall accept such case that, after the engine has been operated
exceeding the useful life defined in HJ 438-2008, the OBD system performance may
be possibly deteriorated to a certain extent and that, before the OBD system sends
the malfunction alarm signal to the driver, there is possibility that the emission
exceeds the corresponding limits specified in sub-clause 5.1.3.
5.3 Requirements of OBD1 stage
5.3.1 When the OBD systems of all the diesel engines and the vehicles fitted with
diesel engine are defective such that the emission exceeds the corresponding limit
specified in sub-clause 5.1.3, they shall display the malfunction of relevant
components or systems and reminder the driver of the existence of such malfunction.
5.3.2 In order to meet the requirements of OBD1 stage, the OBD system shall
monitor.
5.3.3 Major functional failure
5.3.3.1 As alternatives as required in sub-clauses 5.3.2.1 to 5.3.2.4, the following
major functional failures of the exhaust after-treatment system may be monitored for
the OBD1 stage of the diesel engines.
5.3.3.2 Major functional failure of deNOx system. For example, the deNOx system
being fully removed or replaced with a false system (i.e. man-made major functional
failure), lack of necessary reagent in the deNOx system, electrical malfunction of the
SCR system, any electrical malfunction of the deNOx system (e.g. sensor, actuator,
and reagent fixed-quantity control device), including reagent heating and injection
systems (e.g. no air supply, clogged nozzle, and defective injection pump) (if
applicable).
5.5 Requirements for ensuring proper operation of NOx emission control
measures (called NOx control)
5.5.1 General requirements
5.5.1.1 During type approval, the manufacturer shall specify the characteristics of the
reagent consumed by the exhaust after-treatment system if the engine system needs
reagent.
6 Access to OBD system information
6.1 Replacement of components and parts, diagnosis tools, and testing
equipment
6.1.1 At the time of application for type approval or for change in type approval,
relevant information and data of the OBD system shall be submitted simultaneously.
These relevant information and data shall enable the parts-and-components’
manufacturers to produce compatible and trouble-free OBD system with respect to
the type-approved vehicle.
6.1.2 Based on the fair principle, once the application is received, the type approval
body shall give the OBD system related information and data to any manufacturer of
any component, diagnosis, or testing equipment.
6.1.2.1 For spare parts or service parts, application can only be submitted for the
information and data related to such component or relevant system.
6.2.2.
6.2.2 The manufacturer shall allow those enterprises which have reasonably paid
charging-fees to obtain the technical data needed for vehicle repair and maintenance,
unless otherwise that such data are patented or legally protected, or, that such
technology can be demonstrated as confidential in a certain way. Even if in such
instance, necessary technical information shall not be concealed.
6.2.3 In the type approval and in-service vehicle inspection procedure, if
non-conformance of such provisions is found, the type approval body shall take
proper measures to ensure attainment of the repair and maintenance information.
7 Production consistency
7.1 If the administrative type approval body does not think that the production quality
of a certain vehicle model may possibly meet the requirements, the body shall
arbitrarily take a sample engine from the products produced in batch to carry out the
test stated in annex B. The test may be carried out on an engine which has been
operated for 100 h and below.
7.2 If such engine conforms to the test requirements stated in annex B, it is
considered that the OBD system production consistency meets the requirements.
7.3 Should the engine sampled from the in-batch products fails to meet the test
requirements stated in annex B, additional four engines shall be arbitrarily taken from
the products produced in batch to carry out the test stated in annex B. The test may
be carried out on an engine which has been operated for 100 h and below.
7.6 The vehicle manufacturer shall take production consistency assurance measures
to ensure that the OBD system on each vehicle can normally operate when it is
shipped from the factory.
8 Extension of type approval
8.1 Determination of OBD-engine family
8.1.1 Each basic design parameter defined for the OBD system of the OBD-engine
family shall be same within the family.
8.1.2 If a group of engine systems is considered as OBD-engine family, the following
basic parameters shall be the same.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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