GB/T 8013.1-2018 PDF English
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GB/T 8013.1-2018 | English | 265 |
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Anodic oxide coatings and organic polymer coatings on aluminium and its alloys -- Part 1: Anodic oxide coatings
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GB/T 8013.1-2007 | English | 508 |
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Anodic oxide coating and organic polymer coatings on aluminium and its alloys -- Part 1: Anodic oxide coatings
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GB/T 8013-1987 | English | 359 |
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Anodizing of aluminium and aluminium alloys--General specifications for anodic oxidation coatings
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GB/T 8013.1-2018: Anodic oxide coatings and organic polymer coatings on aluminium and its alloys -- Part 1: Anodic oxide coatings ---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT8013.1-2018
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 25.220.01
H 60
Replacing GB/T 8013.1-2007
Anodic oxide coatings and organic polymer coatings on
aluminum and its alloys - Part 1.Anodic oxide coatings
Issued on: MAY 14, 2018
Implemented on: FEBRUARY 01, 2019
Issued by. Status Administration for Market Regulation;
National Standardization Administration.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 7
2 Normative references... 7
3 Terms and definitions... 9
4 Classification... 9
5 Performance requirements... 11
6 Test method... 17
7 Inspection rules... 22
Appendix A (Normative) Instructions for measuring average film thickness and local
film thickness... 27
Appendix B (Normative) Determination of the sealing quality of anodic oxide film by
sodium molybdate phosphate method without nitric acid pre-immersion... 29
Appendix C (Informative) Determination of alkali resistance - Potentiometer method
... 32
Anodic oxide coatings and organic polymer coatings on
aluminum and its alloys - Part 1.Anodic oxide coatings
1 Scope
This Part of GB/T 8013 specifies the terms and definitions, classification, performance
requirements, test methods, inspection rules, etc. of aluminum and aluminum alloy
anodic oxide films.
This Part is applicable to aluminum anodic oxide films used in the fields of machinery,
municipal administration, transportation, electrical, packaging, construction,
decoration.
This Part does not apply to barrier-type non-porous anodic oxide films, films generated
by anodization in chromic acid solution, anodic oxide films used as organic coatings or
metal plating bases.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For all
references with dates, only the versions with dates apply to this document. For all
references without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) apply to this
document.
GB/T 250 Textiles -- Tests for color fastness - Grey scale for assessing change in
color
GB/T 1865-2009 Paints and varnishes - Artificial weathering and exposure to
artificial radiation - Exposure to filtered xenon-arc radiation
GB/T 2423.51 Environmental testing - Part 2.Test methods - Test Ke. Flowing
mixed gas corrosion test
GB/T 6461 Methods for corrosion testing of metallic and other inorganic coatings
on metallic substrates - Rating of test specimens and manufactured articles subjected
to corrosion tests
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods
GB/T 8005.3 Aluminium of aluminium alloys - Terms and definitions - Part 3.
Surface treatment
GB/T 12967.6 Test methods for anodic oxidation coatings and organic polymer
coatings on aluminium and aluminium alloys - Part 6.Determination of color and
appearance
GB/T 12967.7 Test methods for anodic oxidation coatings and organic polymer
coatings on aluminium and aluminium alloys - Part 7.Determination of wear
resistance of anodic oxide film by falling sand tester
GB/T 18911-2002 Thin-film terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules - Design
qualification and type approval
GB/T 20854 Corrosion of metals and alloys - Accelerated testing involving cyclic
exposure to salt mist, dry and wet condition
3 Terms and definitions
The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 8005.3, as well as the following terms and
definitions, apply to this document.
3.1
Dyed anodic coating
Anodic coating colored by adsorption of dyes or pigments in the pore structure.
3.2
Bright anodizing
Anodic oxidation characterized by high specular reflectivity.
3.3
Protective anodizing
Anodic oxidation characterized by corrosion resistance and wear resistance, while
appearance is a secondary or unimportant feature.
3.4
Decorative anodic coating
Anodic oxidation characterized by uniform and beautiful appearance.
4 Classification
4.1 The film code, surface treatment method and typical application of anodic oxide
5.12.2 Accelerated weather resistance
When the purchaser has requirements for xenon lamp accelerated weather resistance
and ultraviolet light resistance, the performance requirements shall be indicated in the
order form (or contract).
6 Test method
6.1 Appearance
It is performed in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 12967.6.
6.2 Color difference
It is performed in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 12967.6.
6.3 Film thickness
It is performed according to the provisions of GB/T 8014.1.The measurement
instructions of average film thickness and local film thickness are shown in Appendix
A.
6.4 Surface density
It is performed according to the provisions of the mass loss method in GB/T 8014.2.
6.5 Sealing quality
6.5.1 The test method of sodium molybdate phosphate without nitric acid pre-
immersion shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B; the
others shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the acid etching weight
loss method in GB/T 8753.1.GB/T 8753.1 shall be used for arbitration.
6.5.2 The admittance test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T
8753.3.
6.5.3 The dye spot test shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T
8753.4.
6.5.4 For the sealing pen test, use a black pen to draw a circle on the specimen; wipe
the specimen with a soft cloth dipped in water within 5 s ~ 10 s; visually inspect it.
6.6 Hardness
It is performed according to the provisions of GB/T 9790.
6.7 Wear resistance
6.7.1 Abrasive blasting method
It is performed according to the provisions of GB/T 12967.1.
6.7.2 Sand falling method
It is performed according to the provisions of GB/T 12967.7.
6.7.3 Wheel grinding method
It is performed according to the provisions of GB/T 12967.2.
6.7.4 TABER's wear resistance method
It is performed according to GB/T 12967.1 or the method agreed upon by the supplier
and the buyer.
6.7.5 Vibration grinding method
It is performed according to GB/T 12967.1 or the method agreed upon by the supplier
and the buyer.
6.7.6 Sandpaper grinding method
It is performed according to GB/T 12967.1 or the method agreed upon by the supplier
and the buyer.
6.8 Deformation and crack resistance
It is performed according to the provisions of GB/T 12967.5.
6.9 Environmental corrosion resistance
6.9.1 Salt spray corrosion resistance
NSS test and AASS test shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 10125; CASS test
shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 12967.3.The rating of corrosion results
shall be carried out in accordance with GB/T 6461.
6.9.2 Resistance to sulfur dioxide humid atmosphere corrosion
It is performed in accordance with GB/T 9789.The rating of corrosion results shall be
carried out in accordance with GB/T 6461.
6.9.3 Salt solution corrosion resistance
At 23 °C ± 3 °C, immerse the specimen in a salt solution. The composition of the salt
solution is shown in Table 9.The test time is 500 h. The rating of corrosion results shall
be carried out in accordance with GB/T 6461.The chemical reagents used shall be
Cover the specimen with a non-woven fabric saturated with artificial sweat test solution
(6.10.2.1); place it in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at a temperature of
55 °C ± 1 °C and a relative humidity of 93% ± 2% for 48 hours; take out the specimen
from the constant temperature and humidity chamber; place it at room temperature for
2 hours; then rinse and blow dry the specimen with tap water; observe the surface of
the film layer.
6.10.3 Alcohol resistance
At room temperature, wrap a 500 g wipe head with at least six layers of medical gauze;
absorb ethanol (mass fraction 95%); wipe back and forth 100 times on the surface of
the specimen, along the same straight line path at a rate of 1 round trip per second (one
round trip is counted as 1 time); the wiping stroke is about 100 mm. The gauze shall be
kept moist during the test. After the test, visually inspect the surface of the film layer
after the test.
6.10.4 Cleaner resistance
At room temperature, immerse the specimen in a 5% neutral detergent solution for 24
hours; take it out and rinse it with tap water; blow dry the specimen; observe the surface
of the film.
6.11 Temperature and humidity resistance
6.11.1 Thermal cracking test
Place the specimen in a constant temperature box at 46 °C ± 2 °C; keep it warm for 30
minutes; take out the specimen; visually check whether there are cracks on the surface.
If there are no cracks, increase the temperature by 6 °C and repeat the test until it reaches
82 °C, or a higher temperature agreed upon by the supplier and the buyer.
6.11.2 Thermal aging test
Place the specimen in a constant temperature box at 120 °C ± 3 °C; keep it warm for 30
minutes; take out the specimen; compare the specimen with the original specimen;
compare the color change of the specimen with the gray scale card for color change
assessment in accordance with GB/T 250.If the color change does not reach level 4,
increase the temperature by 20 °C until 200 °C. The heat resistance of the specimen is
expressed by the temperature, at which the color change reaches level 4 or exceeds the
previous level of level 4.
6.11.3 Low temperature test
Place the specimen in a constant temperature box at -40 °C ± 3 °C; keep warm for 240
h; take out the specimen and let it stand at room temperature for 2 h; observe the surface
of the film layer.
6.11.4 High and low temperature cycle test
Perform in accordance with the provisions of 10.11 of GB/T 18911-2002.
6.11.5 Constant temperature and humidity test
6.11.5.1 High humidity method
Place the specimen in a constant temperature and humidity box at 50 °C ± 3 °C and
relative humidity of 95% ± 5%; keep warm for 72 h; take out the specimen and let it
stand at room temperature for 2 h; observe the surface of the film layer.
6.11.5.2 Medium humidity method
Place the specimen in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 85 °C ± 3 °C
and relative humidity of 85% ± 5% for 1000 hours. After taking out the specimen, let it
stand at room temperature for 2 hours and observe the surface of the film.
6.11.5.3 Low humidity method
Place the specimen in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 80 °C ± 3 °C
and relative humidity of 50% ± 5% for 240 hours. After taking out the specimen, let it
stand at room temperature for 2 hours and observe the surface of the film.
6.11.6 Temperature and humidity cycle test
Perform according to the provisions of 10.12 in GB/T 18911-2002.
6.12 Weather resistance
6.12.1 Natural weather resistance
Perform according to the provisions of GB/T 11112.
Note. Many countries choose Florida atmospheric corrosion test station for natural weather
resistance test. Among the atmospheric corrosion test stations in China, the one with
atmospheric conditions closest to Florida is the Qionghai atmospheric corrosion test station in
Hainan Province, but the test results of the Qionghai atmospheric corrosion test station in
Hainan Province will be different from those of Florida.
6.12.2 Accelerated weather resistance
6.12.2.1 Xenon lamp accelerated weather resistance
Perform according to the provisions of Method 1 Cycle A in GB/T 1865-2009.
6.12.2.2 Ultraviolet light resistance
Perform according to the provisions of GB/T 12967.4.The test time for building
Appendix B
(Normative)
Determination of the sealing quality of anodic oxide film by sodium molybdate
phosphate method without nitric acid pre-immersion
B.1 Method overview
The specimen is etched by sodium molybdate phosphate solution; the mass loss of the
specimen is measured to evaluate the sealing quality of the oxide film.
B.2 Reagents
B.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, the reagents used in this Part are analytically pure;
the water used is grade 3 or above distilled water or deionized water specified in GB/T
6682.
B.2.2 Phosphoric acid (ρ20 = 1.7 g/mL, H3PO4 content w%. not less than 85.0).
B.2.3 Sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4·2H2O).
B.2.4 Sodium molybdate phosphate solution. Dissolve 1 g of sodium molybdate and 35
mL of phosphoric acid in 500 mL water; transfer to a 1000 mL volumetric flask; dilute
to the mark with water; mix well.
B.3 Instruments
B.3.1 Analytical balance, sensitivity 0.1 mg.
B.3.2 Constant temperature water bath, temperature fluctuation not greater than ±1 °C.
B.3.3 Vernier caliper, resolution not greater than 0.05 mm.
B.4 Specimens
B.4.1 For hot-sealed materials, samples can be taken at any time after sealing; for
medium-temperature sealed and cold-sealed materials, samples can be taken after
standing for more than 24 hours.
B.4.2 Cut the specimen from the material to be tested; the anodized area is about 1 dm2
(minimum 0.5 dm2); the specimen weight is usually not more than 200 g.
B.4.3 For hollow extrusions, the specimen shall be cut from the end of the profile with
an anodic oxide film on both the inner and outer surfaces of the sample. If the anodic
oxide film on the inner surface of the specimen needs to be removed, the anodic oxide
film on the inner surface can be removed by mechanical grinding or chemical
dissolution, when testing on the outer surface.
B.4.4 After cutting the specimen, the burrs on the cutting edge of the specimen shall be
removed.
B.5 Test steps
B.5.1 Measurement of the area of the specimen anodic oxide film
Measure the size of the specimen with a vernier caliper; calculate the area A of the
sample anodic oxide film (keep 2 decimal places).
B.5.2 Degreasing
Stir the specimen in an appropriate organic solvent (such as acetone or ethanol) for 30
seconds or scrub to degrease at room temperature. When using chlorinated solvents for
degreasing, such as perchloroethylene, pre-drying shall be carried out in a good fume
hood to prevent inhalation of solvent vapor.
B.5.3 Drying
First, air dry the specimen at room temperature (pre-drying) for 5 minutes; then place
it upright in a drying oven preheated to 60 °C ± 3 °C; dry it for 15 minutes; then place
the specimen on top of silica gel in a sealed desiccator to cool for 30 minutes.
B.5.4 Weighing
Weigh the mass of the specimen (m1) immediately to an accuracy of 0.1 mg.
B.5.5 Etching
B.5.5.1 Immerse the specimen upright and completely in the preheated sodium
molybdate phosphate solution for 15 minutes, at a test temperature of 38 °C ± 1 °C.
B.5.5.2 Remove the specimen from the test solution; wash it with tap water first, then
with deionized water or distilled water. Weigh the mass of the specimen (m2)
immediately after drying according to B.5.3, with an accuracy of 0.1 mg.
B.5.5.3 During the operation, do not touch the specimen directly with hands; the drying
temperature shall not be higher than 63 °C.
B.5.5.4 The test solution can be reused, but it shall not be used after dissolving more
than 4.5 g of material per liter of test solution or treating 10 dm2 of oxide film. The
solution must not be contaminated by other materials.
B.5.5.5 A water bath and continuous stirring shall be used during the test to ensure
uniform solution temperature.
B.6 Result calculation
C.3 Instruments
C.3.1 The test instrument uses a potentiometer, the structure of which is shown in
Figure C.1.
C.3.2 The contact surface diameter between the test solution and the specimen is 5 mm.
C.4 Specimen
Specimen size. The test surface width is 75 mm and the length is 150 mm.
C.5 Measurement
C.5.1 Three positions are measured on each specimen; the distance between two
positions is not less than 20 mm.
C.5.2 Specimen preparation. Wipe the surface of the specimen film with anhydrous
ethanol dipped in a cotton ball; then rinse with pure water; blow dry with a hair dryer;
or put the specimen in a drying oven preheated to 60 °C; dry for 15min; cool in a dryer
for 20 min.
C.5.3 Specimen loading and heating. Place the dry specimen on a constant temperature
test bench; place an insulating pad and a metal electrolytic cell on the surface of the
specimen; press and seal it; start heating. At the same time, connect the aluminum alloy
substrate and the metal electrolytic cell through a wire. The test temperature is required
to be 35 °C ± 1 °C.
C.5.4 Test start. After the temperature reaches the set value and stabilizes for 15 minutes,
3 mL of NaOH solution is injected into the metal electrolytic cell; the time and potential
are recorded at the same time.
C.5.5 Test stop. When the potential reaches 1 mV, the test is stopped and the test time
is recorded; at the same time, the waste liquid in the electrolytic cell is discharged.
C.5.6 Specimen treatment. Remove the specimen; quickly rinse it with distilled water
or deionized water; blow dry the water; dry it for use.
C.5.7 Test device cleaning. Rinse the electrolytic cell with distilled water or deionized
water; wipe it dry with filter paper.
C.5.8 Repeat steps C.5.2 ~ C.5.7 to measure other positions.
C.6 Result expression
Take the average value of the measurement results of the five positions as the alkali
corrosion resistance breakdown time (min) of the specimen; round it off to one decimal
place according to GB/T 8170.
...... Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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