GB/T 5363-2025 PDF English
US$515.00 · In stock · Download in 9 secondsGB/T 5363-2025: Method of bench test of engine for motorcycles and mopeds Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedureStatus: Valid GB/T 5363: Evolution and historical versions
| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivery | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 5363-2025 | English | 515 |
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Method of bench test of engine for motorcycles and mopeds
| Valid |
| GB/T 5363-2008 | English | 369 |
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3 days
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Method of bench test of engine for motorcycles and mopeds
| Valid |
| GB/T 5363-1995 | English | 559 |
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4 days
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Method of bed test of gasoline engine for motorcycles and mopeds
| Obsolete |
| GB 5363-1985 | English | 719 |
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5 days
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Method of bed test of gasoline engine for motorcycles
| Obsolete |
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GB/T 5363-2025: Method of bench test of engine for motorcycles and mopeds---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT5363-2025
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.140
CCS T 81
Replacing GB/T 5363-2008
Method of Bench Test of Engine for Motorcycles and
Mopeds
Issued on: JUNE 30, 2025
Implemented on: JANUARY 1, 2026
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative References... 6
3 Terms and Definitions... 6
4 Test Conditions... 6
5 Performance Test Methods... 12
6 Reliability Test... 18
7 Durability Test... 19
8 Correction of Effective Power... 21
9 Engine Bench Test Method for Hybrid Drive Systems... 25
10 Test Report... 26
Appendix A (normative) Water Vapor Partial Pressure Psw at Different Ambient
Temperatures T and Relative Humidities ... 28
Appendix B (informative) Accessories Used During the Test... 29
Appendix C (informative) Test Items and Test Results... 31
Appendix D (informative) Engine Bench Test Record Sheet... 32
Appendix E (informative) Engine Starting Performance and Minimum No-load Steady
Speed (idle) Measurement Record Sheet... 34
Appendix F (informative) Engine Reliability and Durability Fault Record Sheet... 35
Method of Bench Test of Engine for Motorcycles and
Mopeds
1 Scope
This document describes the test conditions, performance test method, reliability test method,
durability test method and effective power correction for the bench test of engines for
motorcycles and mopeds, as well as the bench test method of engines for hybrid drive systems.
It also provides the content of the test report.
This document applies to spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines for motorcycles and
mopeds (hereinafter referred to as the “engines”).
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB 4569 Limit and Measurement Method of Noise Emitted by Stationary Motorcycles and
Mopeds
GB 14622 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions from Motorcycles (China IV)
GB 18176 Limits and Measurement Methods for Emissions of Pollutants from Mopeds (China
IV)
GB/T 21404-2022 Internal Combustion Engines - Determination and Method for the
Measurement of Engine Power - General Requirements
3 Terms and Definitions
This document does not have terms or definitions that need to be defined.
4 Test Conditions
4.1 Standard Environmental Conditions
The standard environmental operating conditions shall comply with the relevant provisions of
Chapter 5 in GB/T 21404-2022.
5 Performance Test Methods
5.1 Starting Performance Test
5.1.1 During the test, the engine shall be started without connecting to a dynamometer in
accordance with the starting method specified in the product manual. For engines with both
electric and kick-start modes, both shall be tested.
a) For kick-start, from the start of the starting operation, until the engine begins to
independently run, measure the starting time and number of starts;
b) For electric start, from the moment the starter motor is connected, until the engine
begins to independently run, measure the starting time and number of starts;
c) If the starting test cannot be conducted on a test bench due to limitations in the engine
structure and starting method, the engine is allowed to be mounted on a matching
vehicle frame and tested in accordance with the test methods and requirements in
5.1.1 a) and 5.1.1 b).
Record the lubricating oil temperature, starting time, number of starts and atmospheric
parameters.
NOTE 1.starting time does not include auxiliary operation time before the start, but does include
starting failure time and auxiliary operation time between each start.
NOTE 2.each time the pedal is depressed, or the starter lever is rotated by more than 90° in the
starting direction, it is considered a start.
5.1.2 Normal-temperature start. conducted at an ambient temperature of 278 K ~ 318 K. Before
testing, place the fuel, lubricating oil, a fully charged battery (only for battery-powered starters),
and the engine at the above-mentioned ambient temperature. Wait for the temperature to reach
equilibrium (temperature difference not exceeding 1 K), then, carry out the test.
5.1.3 Low-temperature start. conducted at an ambient temperature of 263 K 2 K. Before
testing, place the fuel, lubricating oil, a fully charged battery (only for battery-powered starters),
and the engine at the above-mentioned ambient temperature. Wait for the temperature to reach
equilibrium (temperature difference not exceeding 1 K), then, carry out the test.
5.1.4 Hot engine start. the air-cooled engines shall be subjected to pre-heating operation, until
the spark plug gasket temperature reaches 413 K, then, stop, and immediately receive the
starting test; the water-cooled engines shall be subjected to pre-heating operation, until the
coolant outlet temperature is within the range specified by the manufacturer. If there is no such
provision, the engines shall be subjected to pre-heating operation to 353 K, then, stop, and
immediately receive the starting test.
5.2 Minimum No-Load Steady Speed (Idle) Test
controlled within 483 K 10 K. The coolant outlet temperature for water-cooled engines shall
be within the manufacturer’s specified range. If there is no such provision, it shall be controlled
within 353 K 5 K.
5.3.2 Partial-load speed characteristics
When conducting the partial-load speed characteristics test, the throttle (or fuel injection pump)
is respectively fixed at 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% maximum net power at the speed
corresponding to maximum net power (25% maximum net power is not required for engines
with a total displacement not greater than 50 mL). Gradually increase the load and decrease the
speed. Within the stable operating speed range, select no fewer than six speed points to carry
out the test.
During the full-load and partial-load speed characteristics tests, measure the speed, torque, fuel
consumption, spark plug gasket temperature, coolant temperature and ambient conditions.
Other parameters (lubricating oil temperature, lubricating oil pressure, etc.) may be measured
as appropriate.
5.4 Universal Characteristics Test
5.4.1 Perform the universal characteristics test using one of the following two methods.
a) Speed characteristics method. based on the percentage of maximum net power at the
speed corresponding to maximum net power, select at least eight throttle openings (or
fuel injection pump load states). In accordance with the method of 5.3, at these
selected throttle openings (or fuel injection pump load states), carry out the test;
b) Load characteristics method. within the engine’s stable operating speed range, select
at least eight speeds, and maintain the engine speed constant at each speed. Select at
least six load points for each speed, and change the load and throttle opening (or fuel
injection pump load states) to carry out the test.
5.4.2 During the universal characteristics test, measure the speed, torque, fuel consumption,
spark plug gasket temperature, coolant temperature and ambient conditions. Other parameters
(lubricating oil temperature, lubricating oil pressure, etc.) may be measured as appropriate.
5.5 Cylinder Operating Uniformity Test
The single-cylinder flameout method is used to determine the power non-uniformity of each
cylinder in a multi-cylinder engine.
During the test, fix the throttle (or fuel injection pump) at the maximum net power position.
After the operation becomes stable, stop one cylinder in turn. Then, reduce the load, until the
speed returns to the speed corresponding to maximum net power, and measure the power.
The indicated power of each cylinder is calculated in accordance with Formula (3).
5.8 Determination of Idling Emission of Pollutants
The idling emission of pollutants from the engine shall be determined in accordance with the
provisions of GB 14622 or GB 18176.
5.9 Noise Determination
Engine noise shall be determined along with the whole vehicle in accordance with the
provisions of GB 4569.
6 Reliability Test
6.1 Running-in
In accordance with the provisions of 4.6, perform running in, and record in detail the number,
phenomena, and causes of faults occurred during the running-in period. In addition, replace the
lubricating oil.
6.2 Performance Test
6.2.1 The idling emission of pollutants shall be determined in accordance with the method
specified in 5.8.
6.2.2 The full-load speed characteristics shall be conducted in accordance with the method
specified in 5.3.1.
6.3 Reliability Test
6.3.1 Prior to the reliability test, the baseline maximum net power shall be promptly measured
as a criterion for measuring changes in engine power. This measurement shall be performed
with the throttle at full open (or the fuel injection pump in the full-load state) and the engine
speed adjusted to the speed corresponding to the manufacturer’s specified maximum net power.
If the manufacturer does not specify a maximum net power, the actual measured maximum net
power shall prevail. Continuously operate for 15 minutes, and starting from the 3rd minute,
measure the power once every 3 minutes. The average value of the five power measurements
shall be the baseline maximum net power value.
6.3.2 The reliability test operating cycle shall be continuously conducted on the test bench in
accordance with the requirements of Table 6.Including running-in, the cumulative operating
time shall be 60 hours. If the running-in time is less than 20 hours, the insufficient time shall
be incorporated into the reliability test.
6.3.3 During the reliability test, the cooling system shall be strictly controlled. In addition to
complying with the provisions of 4.7, the following applies to the cooling conditions. for air-
cooled engines, the spark plug gasket temperature shall be controlled within the manufacturer’s
specified range. If the manufacturer does not specify otherwise, the spark plug gasket
temperature shall be controlled between 423 K ~ 493 K. For water-cooled engines, the cooling
water outlet temperature shall be controlled within the manufacturer’s specified range. If the
manufacturer does not specify otherwise, the cooling water outlet temperature shall be
controlled between 353 K 5 K.
6.3.4 The reliability test shall be continuously conducted, with the engine shut down every 10
hours. In addition to engine maintenance as specified in the instruction manual, lubricating oil
replacement, carbon deposit removal, spark plug, breaker contacts and valve clearance
inspection and adjustment, cleaning of the transmission, carburetor, throttle body, muffler,
lubricating oil filter and air filter, and inspection of the tightness of all components are allowed.
Maintenance shutdown time shall not exceed 1 hour.
For four-stroke engines with a displacement greater than 400 mL, shutdowns for inspection or
lubricant replenishment are allowed as specified by the manufacturer, but the interval between
each shutdown must not exceed 0.5 hours.
6.3.5 During the test, detailed records of various conditions observed during engine operation
and during maintenance shutdowns shall be kept, including the number of shutdown faults, the
phenomena and causes of the faults, the names and quantities of non-critical parts replaced
(including during maintenance shutdowns), and damage to critical parts.
During the test, parameters such as speed, torque, fuel consumption, spark plug gasket
temperature and coolant temperature shall be measured at least once every hour. Other
parameters (lubricating oil temperature, lubricating oil pressure, etc.) may be measured as
appropriate. Ambient temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure shall be recorded
for each cycle.
6.4 Performance Re-test
After the reliability test, maintenance and adjustments shall be performed in accordance with
the provisions of 6.3.4, and the test contents of 6.2 shall be repeated.
7 Durability Test
7.1 Running-in
In accordance with the provisions of 4.6, perform running in, and record in detail the number,
phenomena, and causes of faults occurred during the running-in period. In addition, replace the
lubricating oil.
7.2 Performance Test
7.2.1 The idling emission of pollutants shall be determined in accordance with the method
specified in 5.8.
7.2.2 The full-load speed characteristics shall be conducted in accordance with the method
specified in 5.3.1.
7.3 Durability Test
7.3.1 Before the durability test of baseline maximum net power, the baseline maximum net
power shall be promptly measured as a criterion for measuring changes in engine power. This
measurement shall be performed with the throttle at full open (or the fuel injection pump in the
full-load state) and the engine speed adjusted to the speed corresponding to the manufacturer’s
specified maximum net power. If the manufacturer does not specify a maximum net power, the
actual measured maximum net power shall prevail. Continuously operate for 15 minutes, and
starting from the 3rd minute, measure the power once every 3 minutes. The average value of the
five power measurements shall be the baseline maximum net power value.
7.3.2 The durability test operating cycle shall be continuously conducted on the test bench in
accordance with the provisions of Table 7.Including running-in, the cumulative operating time
shall be 100 hours. If the running-in time is less than 20 hours, the insufficient time shall be
incorporated into the durability test.
7.3.3 During the durability test, the cooling system shall be strictly controlled. In addition to
complying with the provisions of 4.7, the following applies to the cooling conditions. for air-
cooled engines, the spark plug gasket temperature shall be controlled within the manufacturer’s
specified range. If the manufacturer does not specify otherwise, the spark plug gasket
temperature shall be controlled between 423 K ~ 493 K. For water-cooled engines, the cooling
water outlet temperature shall be controlled within the manufacturer’s specified range. If the
manufacturer does not specify otherwise, the cooling water outlet temperature shall be
controlled between 353 K 5 K.
7.3.4 The durability test shall be continuously conducted, with the engine shut down every 10
hours. In addition to engine maintenance as specified in the instruction manual, lubricating oil
replacement, carbon deposit removal in the combustion chamber, piston top, piston ring and
exhaust muffler, inspection and adjustment of the clearance of each part, cleaning of the
transmission, carburetor, throttle body, muffler, lubricating oil filter and air filter, and inspection
of the tightness of all components are allowed. Maintenance shutdown time shall not exceed 1
hour.
For four-stroke engines with a displacement greater than 400 mL, shutdowns for inspection or
lubricant replenishment are allowed as specified by the manufacturer, but the interval between
each shutdown must not exceed 0.5 hours.
7.3.5 During the test, detailed records of various conditions observed during engine operation
and during maintenance shutdowns shall be kept, including the number of shutdown faults, the
phenomena and causes of the faults, the names and quantities of non-critical parts replaced
(including during maintenance shutdowns and disassembly after the durability test is
completed), and damage to critical parts.
During the test, parameters such as speed, torque, fuel consumption, spark plug gasket
temperature and coolant temperature shall be measured at least once every hour. Other
parameters (lubricating oil temperature, lubricating oil pressure, etc.) may be measured as
appropriate. Ambient temperature, relative humidity and atmospheric pressure shall be recorded
for each cycle.
7.4 Performance Re-test
After the durability test, maintenance and adjustments shall be performed in accordance with
the provisions of 7.3.4, and the test contents of 7.2 shall be repeated.
8 Correction of Effective Power
8.1 Spark-ignition Engines
8.1.1 Standard environmental conditions
The requirements for the standard environmental conditions are as follows.
a) Standard temperature (T0). 298 K (25 °C);
b) Standard dry pressure (Ps0). 99 kPa.
8.1.2 Test environmental conditions
The test environmental conditions shall be within the following given ranges.
a) Test temperature (T). 28 3K ~ 318 K;
b) Atmospheric dry pressure (Ps). 80 kPa ~ 110 kPa.
8.1.3 Correction of effective power
When the engine is tested under non-standard environmental conditions, its effective power
shall be corrected to the standard environmental conditions. The correction of effective power
shall be calculated in accordance with Formula (10).
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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