GB/T 30824-2014 (GB/T30824-2014, GBT 30824-2014, GBT30824-2014)
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Testing method for temperature uniformity of gas heat treatment furnace
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GB/T 30824-2014
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Standard ID | GB/T 30824-2014 (GB/T30824-2014) | Description (Translated English) | Testing method for temperature uniformity of gas heat treatment furnace | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | J36 | Classification of International Standard | 25.200 | Word Count Estimation | 19,191 | Date of Issue | 2014/6/24 | Date of Implementation | 2014/12/31 | Quoted Standard | GB/T 1598; GB/T 2614; GB/T 4989; GB/T 4990; GB/T 7232; GB/T 9452; GB/T 13324; GB/T 17615; GB/T 18404 | Drafting Organization | Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Co., Ltd. measuring and testing center | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee heat | Regulation (derived from) | National Standards Bulletin No. 14 of 2014 | Proposing organization | National Standardization Committee for Heat Treatment (SAC/TC 75) | Issuing agency(ies) | General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China | Summary | This standard specifies the conditions for implementation and test cycle, the test equipment, test methods, effective heating zone temperature uniformity assessment gas heat treating furnace zone temperature homogeneity testing and so on. This standard ap |
GB/T 30824-2014
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 25.200
J 36
Testing method for temperature uniformity of gas heat
treatment furnace
ISSUED ON: JUNE 24, 2014
IMPLEMENTED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2014
Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Classification of gas heat treatment furnaces ... 6
5 Implementation conditions and test cycle ... 6
6 Test device ... 8
7 Test methods ... 11
8 Evaluation of temperature uniformity of the effective heating zone ... 19
9 Test records and test reports ... 20
10 Management ... 20
Appendix A (Informative) Gas heat treatment furnace effective heating zone
temperature uniformity test record form ... 22
Appendix B (Informative) Effective heating zone temperature uniformity test certificate
... 25
Bibliography ... 26
Testing method for temperature uniformity of gas heat
treatment furnace
1 Scope
This Standard specifies the implementation conditions and test cycle, test device, test
methods, and evaluation of temperature uniformity of the effective heating zone of gas
heat treatment furnaces.
This Standard applies to gas heat treatment furnaces heated by direct combustion gas
in the furnace, including cycle (intermittent) and continuous heat treatment furnaces.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1598, Platinum-10%Rhodium/Platinum thermocouple wires - Platinum-
13%Rhodium/Platinum thermocouple wires - Platinum-30%Rhodium/Platinem-
6%Rhodium thermocouple wires
GB/T 2614, Nickel-Chromium/Nickel-Silicon thermocouple wires
GB/T 4989, Extension and compensating cables for thermocouples
GB/T 4990, Alloy wires of extension and compensating cables for thermocouples
GB/T 7232, Terminology of metal heat treatment
GB/T 9452, Testing method for working zone of heat treatment furnace
GB/T 13324, Terminology of heat treatment equipment
GB/T 17615, Nickel-Chromium-Silicon/Nickel-Silicon-Magnesium thermocouple
wires
GB/T 18404, Mineral insulated metal-sheathed thermocouple cables and
thermocouples
3 Terms and definitions
Terms and definitions given in GB/T 9452, GB/T 7232 and GB/T13324, as well as the
following, are applicable to this document.
3.1
temperature control system error
An offset to the temperature measurement results produced by the temperature control
system composed of temperature sensors, extension and compensating cables, display
adjustment instruments, etc. Its value is the algebraic sum of the errors of temperature
sensors, extension and compensating cables, display adjustment instruments and other
components.
3.2
maximum permit error
The allowable error limits of measuring instruments and measuring systems specified
in technical specifications and standards.
3.3
correction
The opposite of error. The uncorrected measurement result and the correction are added
algebraically to obtain the true measurement result to compensate for the influence of
system error.
3.4
initial test
The first test of temperature uniformity of the effective heating zone carried out before
the gas heat treatment furnace is put into use.
3.5
cycle test
The test of temperature uniformity of the effective heating zone carried out by the gas
heat treatment furnace in use at certain time intervals.
3.6
simulation load test
The size and shape of the bracket or frame used to fix the thermocouple depends on the
test method. Such materials shall have sufficient strength and shall have no obvious
deformation after testing.
7 Test methods
7.1 Test requirements
7.1.1 The gas heat treatment furnace shall realize automatic temperature control, and
the qualified test status shall be able to be reproduced in the production process.
7.1.2 The ambient temperature of the connection parts of the extension and
compensating cables, transfer switches, and display instruments shall be controlled, and
the temperature change during the test shall not exceed 1 °C.
7.1.3 The initial test shall be carried out with no-load test first, and then the load test
after qualification. During the load test, the loading capacity shall be the rated loading
capacity of the furnace, or at least not less than 70% of the rated loading capacity.
7.1.4 The cycle test can be carried out in either no-load or load test. When the no-load
test fails, the load test can be carried out, and the test result shall be subject to the load
test. During the load test, the loading capacity shall be consistent with that of the actual
production.
7.1.5 During the no-load test, the measuring ends of the test thermocouples distributed
near the burner and flue shall be protected with protective covers. It is also
recommended to add protective covers to the measuring ends of test thermocouples
distributed in other locations to reduce the impact of temperature fluctuations on the
test results. The material of the protective cover shall be compatible with the material
of the heat treatment product, the length shall be about 10 times the aperture, and the
wall thickness shall be no greater than the thickness of the thinnest workpiece. During
the load test, the measuring end of the test thermocouple shall be as close as possible to
the workpiece.
7.1.6 The gas heat treatment furnace shall be heated at the heating rate specified by the
process. The furnace temperature shall not rise above the test temperature and then drop
to the test temperature.
7.1.7 During the test process, all parameters of the furnace shall reflect the normal
production operation process of the equipment.
7.1.8 Thermocouples arranged at the corners and end faces of the effective heating area
are not allowed to fail. Two adjacent thermocouples are not allowed to fail at the same
time. The maximum allowable number of failures for test thermocouples is shown in
Table 5.
A unit volume is the volume of pallets, frames, etc. loaded according to the rated loading
capacity. The number and location of test points of the unit volume method are
determined according to the size of the unit volume, and the distribution of test points
shall be able to reflect the temperature distribution within the unit volume. The
determination method is as follows:
a) When the width of the pallet or material frame is less than 1.5 m and the length is
less than 1.0 m, if the height of the effective heating zone is less than 0.5 m, 3 test
thermocouples shall be arranged. 2 thermocouples shall be arranged diagonally
at the front and rear end surfaces along the feeding direction, and 1 at the
geometric center of the unit volume. If the height of the effective heating zone is
not less than 0.5 m and less than 1.0 m, 5 test thermocouples shall be arranged,
two of which at each corner of the front and rear ends along the feeding direction,
and one at the geometric center of the unit volume. If the height of the effective
heating zone is not less than 1.0 m, 9 test thermocouples shall be arranged. One
shall be arranged at each of the four corners of the front and rear end surfaces,
and one at the geometric center of the unit volume.
b) When the width of the pallet or material frame is not less than 1.5 m and the length
is not less than 1.0 m, if the height of the effective heating zone is less than 0.5
m, 5 test thermocouples shall be arranged. 2 thermocouples shall be arranged
diagonally at the front and rear end surfaces along the feeding direction
respectively, and 1 at the geometric center of the unit volume. If the height of the
effective heating zone is not less than 0.5 m and less than 1.0 m, 9 test
thermocouples shall be arranged. One shall be arranged at each of the four corners
of the front and rear end surfaces, and one at the geometric center of the unit
volume. If the height of the effective heating zone is not less than 1.0 m, 11 test
thermocouples shall be arranged. One shall be arranged at each of the four corners
of the front and rear end faces, one at the center of the front and rear end faces,
and one at the geometric center of the unit volume.
c) The schematic diagram of the number and location of thermocouples of the unit
volume method is shown in Table 9.
7.4 Test sequence and method
7.4.1 Check the test instruments, test thermocouples, extension and compensating
cables, transfer switches, etc. of the test system, which shall be within the validity
period of the calibration.
7.4.2 Check the errors of the temperature control system (including thermocouples,
extension and compensating cables, and temperature control display parts). The system
error calculation is shown in Formula (1). The temperature control system error shall
meet the requirements of Table 1. If the temperature control system error does not meet
the requirements of Table 1, adjust the temperature control system.
7.4.3 According to the test method, reliably fix or tie the test thermocouple to the
selected position such as the temperature measurement frame or workpiece, and add a
protective cover if necessary.
7.4.4 Lead the reference end of the thermocouple out of the furnace and connect it to
the test instrument as shown in Figure 1. The lead-out position of the reference end of
the thermocouple shall not affect the test accuracy. When using an oven temperature
tracker, the thermocouple is connected directly to the recorder.
7.4.5 The gas heat treatment furnace heats up at the process specified heating rate. When
the temperature of the temperature control system reaches the set temperature, test at
no load; when the data changes at each point tend to be stable, start recording the
temperature of each test point according to the time intervals and times specified in
Table 11; for the load test, when the temperature of the temperature control system
reaches the set temperature, record the temperature of each test point according to the
requirements of Table 11. The total test time shall not exceed the holding time specified
by the process.
7.4.6 Record all test data truthfully in Appendix A.
Where:
Wj – actual value of each test point, in degrees Celsius (°C);
wi – reading of each test point, in degrees Celsius (°C);
ws – test system error, which shall be calculated separately at each temperature point
and each test point, in degrees Celsius (°C).
7.5.4 Eliminating outliers: If the difference between one of the measured values and the
average measured value at that point is greater than 1.8 times the standard deviation, it
is considered an outlier and will be eliminated. It shall be noted in the record that this
value is not included in the evaluation of temperature uniformity test results.
7.5.5 Testing by the fixed test point method (volume method), the actual temperature
value at each test point is the arithmetic mean of each measurement result.
7.5.6 Testing by the moving test point method (section method, unit volume method),
the actual temperature value at each test point is the arithmetic mean of each
measurement at the same position; if the position of the test thermocouple is
continuously changing during the test, the actual temperature of each test point is the
instantaneous value of each measurement.
7.5.7 During the no-load test of the pulse burner heat treatment furnace, the minimum
or maximum temperature fluctuation at the same test point cannot be greater than 2
times the temperature uniformity; each reading shall be the average temperature of one
pulse cycle.
7.5.8 The maximum deviation between the actual temperature at each test point and the
set value is the temperature uniformity of the effective heating zone of the heat
treatment furnace under test.
8 Evaluation of temperature uniformity of the effective
heating zone
8.1 Based on the temperature uniformity of the effective heating zone, compare Table
1 to evaluate the heat treatment furnace category. If the evaluation result is qualified,
record it in the effective heating zone temperature uniformity test certificate in
Appendix B.
8.2 When the temperature uniformity cannot meet the requirements, the category can
be reduced. Under the condition that the temperature uniformity of the new effective
heating zone is met, repeated testing is not required.
9 Test records and test reports
Test records and test reports shall include the following content (see Appendix A and
Appendix B):
a) Overview of the gas heat treatment furnace under test. Including customer name,
gas heat treatment furnace name, serial number, model, category, manufacturing
unit, manufacturing date, commonly used temperature, test temperature,
temperature control equipment name, heat source name, temperature adjustment
method, temperature control sensor insertion depth, effective heating zone size,
etc.
b) Temperature measurement system information of the gas heat treatment furnace
under test. Including temperature control instruments, recording instruments,
temperature control thermocouples, recording thermocouple numbers, models,
measurement ranges, accuracy levels, calibration dates, valid dates, etc.
c) Standard information for this test. Including the basis document, the name, model,
serial number, measurement range, one of the measurement uncertainty/accuracy
level/maximum permit error, effective date of the equipment used (test
instruments, thermocouples), and the correction of each test thermocouple at test
temperature.
d) Information about this test. Including implementation conditions, loading capacity,
furnace atmosphere, effective heating zone location, test point distribution
diagram, etc.
e) Test data and results. Including data for verifying or calibrating errors in various
parts of the temperature control system; all data for temperature uniformity testing,
including set temperature, heating time, air preheating temperature, number of
data collections, time of each data collection, temperature controller indication
value, tester indication value, temperature uniformity calculation results,
temperature distribution line chart of each test point, recommended processing
method when the test results cannot meet the requirements, etc.
f) Limitations or restrictions contained in the test.
g) Testing date and validity date.
h) Responsible person (name of tester, reviewer, approver).
10 Management
10.1 All test records of temperature uniformity testing shall be stored in files according
to the management system of each unit.
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