GB/T 23827-2021 PDF English
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GB/T 23827-2021: Road traffic sign plate and support---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT23827-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 93.080.30
CCS P 66
Replacing GB/T 23827-2009
Road Traffic Sign Plate and Support
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 11, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: MAY 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 5
2 Normative References ... 5
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7
4 Product Classification ... 7
5 Technical Requirements ... 7
6 Test Methods ... 14
7 Inspection Rules ... 18
8 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage ... 19
Road Traffic Sign Plate and Support
1 Scope
This Document specifies the requirements for product classification, technical
requirements, test methods, inspection rules and marking, packaging, transportation
and storage of road traffic sign plate and support.
This Document applies to the traffic signs set on highways, urban roads and places
under the jurisdiction of the organization but allowing social motor vehicles to pass,
including squares, public parking lots and other places used for public passage. Traffic
signs set in other places where motor vehicles pass may refer to use.
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this
Document through the normative references in this Document. For the dated
documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable to this Document;
for the undated documents, only the latest version (including all the amendments) is
applicable to this Document.
GB/T 228.1 Metallic Materials - Tensile Testing - Part 1: Method of Test at Room
Temperature
GB/T 700 Carbon Structural Steels
GB/T 708 Dimension, Shape, Weight, and Tolerance for Cold-Rolled Steel Plate
and Strip
GB/T 869 Countersunk Head Rivets
GB/T 2518 Continuously Hot-Dip Zinc and Zinc Alloy Coated Steel Sheet and
Strip
GB/T 2651 Method of Tensile Test for Welded Joint
GB 2893 Safety Colours
GB/T 3098.1 Mechanical Properties of Fasteners - Bolts, Screws and Studs
GB/T 3098.2 Mechanical Properties of Fasteners – Nuts - Coarse Thread
JT/T 688 Retroreflection Vocabulary
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in JT/T 688 and the
following apply.
3.1 Sign plate
An assembly that consists of a sign base plate, a sign plate surface, chutes, rivets, etc.
3.2 Support
A member that supports and connects the fastening sign plate.
NOTE: Supports include posts, beams, flanges, hoops and fasteners, etc.
4 Product Classification
Road traffic sign plates are classified into retroreflective, illuminating and light-emitting
types according to their optical properties. Among them, the illuminating type is divided
into internal and external illuminating types.
5 Technical Requirements
5.1 Structural size
5.1.1 Road traffic signs are composed of sign plates and supports; and their shape
and size shall meet the requirements of GB 5768.2 or design requirements.
5.1.2 The maximum allowable deviation of the external size of the sign plate is ±5mm;
if the external size is greater than 1.2m, the allowable deviation is ±0.5% of the external
size.
5.1.3 The reflective film pasted on the retroreflective sign plate shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 18833. The black film with the durability matching the reflective
film is pasted on the reflective film as a mask; and the plate surface information can
also be formed by printing ink or digital printing on the reflective film. When necessary,
active light-emitting units can be added or sign illuminating facilities can be installed to
the sign plate surface according to the terrain and sunshine conditions. When the
illuminating type or light-emitting type is adopted, its performance shall comply with the
provisions of GB 5768.2 and GB/T 31446.
5.1.5 The sign base plate can be reinforced with a chute; and the reinforcing method
and the size of the chute shall meet the design requirements. The reinforcement
connection between the sign bottom plate and the chute can adopt riveting, welding or
other technological methods, and shall meet the following requirements.
a) When using the aluminium alloy plate to make the sign base plate, the
countersunk rivets shall be used for connection. The riveting spacing shall be
uniform, generally 150mm±50mm; and the riveting shall be strengthened at the
end of the chute to disperse the stress. The shape of the rivet shall meet the
requirements of GB/T 869; the diameter should be no less than 4mm, and it shall
match the sign base plate and the chute.
b) The quality of the welding process shall be stable and reliable; there shall be no
leakage welding, virtual welding and other phenomena; and the welding strength
shall be uniform. The strength of welding or other process connection methods
shall be no lower than the strength requirements of the same type of materials
when connected by rivets.
5.1.6 The sign post can be made of H-section steel, steel pipe, aluminium alloy profile,
wood, synthetic material and reinforced concrete pipe, etc., or steel truss. The shape
and size of the sign post shall meet the design requirements; the outer diameter,
thickness and curvature of the seamless steel pipe shall meet the requirements of
GB/T 8162; and the outer diameter, thickness and ovality of the straight seam electric
welded steel pipe shall meet the requirements of GB/T 13793.
5.1.7 When the sign post is a steel member, the top shall be covered with a post cap.
The structure size of the post cap shall meet the design requirements.
5.1.8 The connection between the sign plate and the post can be in the form of hoop
clamping or steel strap bundling; and its structural dimensions shall meet the material
and design requirements.
5.2 Appearance quality
5.2.1 The characters and graphics of the sign plate shall comply with the provisions of
GB 5768.2. On the same sign plate, the various materials used for the sign base plate
and the sign plate surface shall be compatible; and the sign plate shall not be rusted
or damaged due to electrochemical action, different thermal expansion coefficients or
other chemical reactions.
5.2.2 The sign plate shall not have the following defects:
a) cracks, wrinkles, edge peeling;
b) obvious air bubbles, scratches or other damage;
c) uneven colour;
d) inhomogeneous retroreflective performance.
5.2.3 The sign plate should be flat, without obvious dents or deformation on the surface;
and the unevenness of the plate surface shall be no greater than 7mm/m.
5.2.4 When the surface of the sign plate is reflective film, the splicing shall meet the
following requirements.
a) The mask should be spliced as little as possible; when the length or width and
diameter of the sign plate are smaller than the maximum width of the mask
product, there shall be no splicing seam.
b) When the seam cannot be avoided by pasting the mask, it shall be spliced in the
same direction as the reference marking of the mask. Splicing is divided into lap
splicing and flat splicing. When taking lap splicing, it should be horizontal splicing
seam; and it shall be lap-spliced from the upper to the lower part; the overlapping
part of the glass bead type reflective film shall be no less than 5mm; and the
overlapping part of the microprism type reflective film shall be no less than 30mm.
When taking flat splicing, it should be vertical splicing seam; the clearance
between splicing seams shall not exceed 1mm.
c) Within 5cm from the edge of the sign plate, there shall be no splicing seam.
5.2.5 The supports shall have a smooth surface and uniform colour; and shall not be
damaged, deformed, corroded, leaked plating or other appearance quality defects.
5.3 Quality of anti-corrosion layer of steel members
The quality of the anti-corrosion layer of the sign base plate and supports made of steel
members shall meet the requirements of GB/T 18226.
5.4 Mechanical properties of materials
5.4.1 Sign base plate and chute
The material used to make the sing base plate shall meet the following requirements
in terms of mechanical properties:
a) The mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy plate used to make the sign
base plate shall meet the requirements of GB/T 3880.2; when it is used for high-
grade roads, the aluminium alloy plate with designations of 5A02-O, 5052-O or
other designations with similar properties should be used. For large sign plates
such as gantry type and cantilever type, or sign plates used in coastal and windy
areas, aluminium alloy plates with designations of 3004-O, 3104-O or other
designations with similar properties should be used;
b) The extruded aluminium alloy profiles used to make the sign base plate and the
a) The sign plate shall not appear damages such as cracks, nicks, depressions,
bubbles, erosion, peeling, chalking or deformation; and the shrinkage on any
side shall be no greater than 0.8mm;
b) The reflective film shall not warp or detach from the edge of the sign base plate;
c) When the material of the sign base plate is a synthetic resin sheet, the weather
resistance of the sign base plate shall comply with the provisions of GB/T
24721.5;
d) The chromaticity coordinates and luminance factor of the sign plate shall meet
the requirements of Table 1 or meet the requirements of GB/T 18833;
e) When the surface of the sign plate is reflective file or made by other processes
such as ink printing or digital printing, under the conditions of an observation
angle of 0.2° and an incident angle of -4°, its retroreflection coefficient value shall
meet the requirements of GB/T 18833.
5.11 Adhesion performance between the sign plate and the sign base plate
The peeling length of the reflective film and the black film after 5 min shall not be
greater than 20mm.
5.12 Adhesion performance of ink and reflective film on the sign plate
The adhesion fastness of ink and reflective film on the sign board shall be no less than
95%.
6 Test Methods
6.1 Test preparation
6.1.1 Specimen preparation
Sample preparation includes the following methods:
a) Randomly select the sign plate and support made by the sign manufacturer or
take the corresponding size from them as a specimen;
b) Randomly select the raw materials used by the manufacturer, paste the reflective
film and black film on the sign base plate; and make a sign plate specimen. The
size of the specimen shall meet the requirements of GB/T 18833.
6.1.2 Test environment
Before the test, the specimen shall stand in an environment with a temperature of 23°C
± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 10% for 24h, and then the test is carried out.
The test shall be carried out in an environment with a temperature of 23°C ±2 °C and
a relative humidity of 50% ± 10%.
6.2 Structural dimensions
6.2.1 Visually inspect the structural composition. Dimensions, riveting spacing, plate
thickness, outer diameter, wall thickness, etc. shall be measured by measuring tools
such as ruler, tape, vernier calliper, plate thickness micro-meter, and wall thickness
micro-meter.
6.2.2 The connection strength when welding the sign base plate and the chute shall
be tested in accordance with the methods specified in GB/T 228.1, GB/T 2651 and
GB/T 3250.
6.3 Appearance quality
6.3.1 Sign plate characters and graphics
Use visual inspection to check whether the characters and graphics of the sign plate
meet the requirements of GB 5768.2 for characters and graphics.
6.3.2 Defect inspection
In a dark and open environment at night, at a distance of 10m from the sign plate, use
the high beam of the car headlight as the light source to illuminate the sign plate
vertically. Visually observe the retroreflective performance of the same material, the
same colour, and different areas on the surface of the sign plate. If obvious differences
can be identified, the retroreflective performance is not uniform.
The remaining defects shall be visually inspected or inspected with a four-fold
magnifying glass under the condition that the ambient illuminance is greater than 150lx
during the day.
6.3.3 Unevenness of the plate surface
The sign plate is placed freely on a platform with its face up, and a steel ruler and a
feeler gauge are used to measure the maximum gap between the plate and the ruler
at any point.
6.3.4 Panel splicing
Under the condition that the ambient illuminance is greater than 150lx during the day,
visually check the splicing direction of the mask and measure with a ruler to check the
lap-splicing width or flat-splicing gap.
6.3.5 Surface quality of supports
6.10 High and low temperature resistance of sign plate
The high and low temperature resistance performance test of the sign plate is carried
out according to the following steps:
a) Put the 150mm×150mm specimen into the test box; start the equipment; gradually
reduce the temperature in the box to -40°C ± 3°C; and turn off the power after keeping
this temperature for 72h;
b) Wait for the test box to rise to room temperature naturally; then raise the temperature
of the test box to 70°C ± 3°C after about 12h; and keep the temperature at this
temperature for 24h and then turn off the power;
c) Take out the specimen after waiting for the test box to cool down to room
temperature naturally. Stand for 2h at a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative
humidity of 50%±10%; and check the surface changes according to the requirements
of 5.9.
6.11 Weather resistance of sign plate
6.11.1 Natural exposure test
According to GB/T 3681, place the 150mm×250mm specimen facing due south; and
expose it to the sun at the local latitude angle or 45°±1° to the horizontal plane.
After the specimen began to be exposed to the sun, the surface inspection shall be
performed once a month. After half a year, the surface inspection shall be performed
every three months. When the reflective film reaches the exposure period specified in
GB/T 18833, after two years of exposure to the sun, the sign base plate of the synthetic
resin board shall be inspected and tested in accordance with the methods specified in
GB/T 24721.1.
6.11.2 Artificial accelerated aging test
According to GB/T 16422.2, the size of the specimen is 65mm×142mm. If the reflective
film reaches the test time specified in GB/T 18833, rinse it thoroughly with clean water
and dry it with a soft cloth; and then conduct inspection and performance test according
to the method specified in GB/T 18833. After the synthetic resin board has been tested
for 1200h, the inspection and performance test shall be carried out in accordance with
the methods specified in GB/T 24721.1.
6.12 Adhesion performance of sign board and sign base plate
Cut out the reflective film and black film of 200mm×25mm; and paste the reflective film
and black film on the sign base plate to make the adhesion performance specimen.
The size of the sign base plate is 200mm × 50mm, and the test is carried out according
to the method of GB/T 18833.
e) When specified in the contract;
f) When the state-authorized quality supervision department proposes type
inspection.
7.1.3 Before leaving the factory, random sampling shall be carried out; and the exit-
factory inspection shall be carried out according to the methods and requirements in
Table 2. Only those who pass the exit-factory inspection can leave the factory with a
certificate of conformity.
7.2 Sampling and Judgment Methods
7.2.1 Conduct random sampling for each batch of products or conduct sampling testing
according to JT/T 495; at least three samples shall be taken.
7.2.2 Each test shall be tested for at least three times (should be carried out on different
specimens), and the average value shall be taken as the test result. The results shall
meet the following requirements:
a) If the test data all meet the standard requirements, this batch of products is
judged to be qualified;
b) If there is one item in the test data that does not meet the standard requirements,
double number of products shall be selected to re-inspect this indicator. If the re-
inspection is qualified, this batch of products is determined to be qualified; if the
re-inspection is unqualified, this batch of products is determined to be unqualified.
8 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage
8.1 Sign plate shall be legibly and durably marked in appropriate places with the
following:
a) the name, trademark and address of the manufacturer;
b) Implementation standard (this document number);
c) the type of sign plate;
d) production date and batch number, etc.
8.2 When the sign plate and supports are packed, the product instructions and product
quality grade inspection certificate shall be attached with the box. Product instructions
include assembly and installation instructions, use and maintenance instructions, and
instructions for location restrictions, etc. The inspection certificate includes various
materials, designations, states and types of reflective films.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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