GB/T 24721.1-2023 PDF in English
GB/T 24721.1-2023 (GB/T24721.1-2023, GBT 24721.1-2023, GBT24721.1-2023)
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Glass fiber reinforced plastic product for highway -- Part 1: General rule
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Glass fiber reinforced plastic product for highway -- Part 1: General rule
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Standards related to (historical): GB/T 24721.1-2023
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GB/T 24721.1-2023: PDF in English (GBT 24721.1-2023) GB/T 24721.1-2023
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 03.220.20; 93.080.30
CCS P 66
Replacing GB/T 24721.1-2009
Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Product for Highway - Part
1: General Rule
ISSUED ON: MARCH 17, 2023
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 1, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
Introduction ... 5
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative References ... 6
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7
4 Product Classification ... 7
5 Technical Requirements ... 8
6 Test Methods ... 11
7 Inspection Rules ... 15
8 Marking, Packaging, Transportation and Storage ... 17
Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Product for Highway - Part
1: General Rule
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, technical requirements, test methods, inspection
rules, as well as marking, packaging, transportation and storage requirements for glass fiber
reinforced plastic product for highway.
This document is applicable to the production, inspection and usage of glass fiber reinforced
plastic product for highway (hereinafter referred to as “glass fiber reinforced plastics”).
2 Normative References
The contents of the following documents constitute indispensable clauses of this document
through the normative references in the text. In terms of references with a specified date, only
versions with a specified date are applicable to this document. In terms of references without a
specified date, the latest version (including all the modifications) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 1446 Fiber-reinforced Plastics Composites - The Generals for Determination of
Properties
GB/T 1447 Fiber-reinforced Plastics Composites - Determination of Tensile Properties
GB/T 1448 Fiber-reinforced Plastics Composites - Determination of Compressive Properties
GB/T 1449 Fiber-reinforced Plastics Composites - Determination of Flexural Properties
GB/T 1451 Fiber-reinforced Plastics Composites - Determination of Charpy Impact Properties
GB/T 1463 Test Methods for Density and Relative Density of Fiber Reinforced Plastics
GB/T 1634.3-2004 Plastics - Determination of Temperature of Deflection under Load - Part 3:
High-strength Thermosetting Laminates
GB/T 2408 Plastics - Determination of Burning Characteristics - Horizontal and Vertical Test
GB/T 2573 Test Method for Aging Properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics
GB/T 3854 Test Method for Hardness of Reinforced Plastics by means of a Barcol Impresser
GB/T 3857 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting
Plastics
GB/T 8237 Liquid Unsaturated Polyester Resin for Fiber Reinforced Plastics
GB/T 8627 Test Method for Density of Smoke from the Burning or Decomposition of Building
Materials
GB/T 8924 Test Method for Flammability Characteristics of Fiber Reinforced Plastics - Oxygen
Index Method
GB/T 9286 Paints and Varnishes - Cross-cut Test
GB/T 16422.2 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc
Lamps
GB/T 16422.3 Plastics - Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources - Part 3: Fluorescent
UV Lamps
GB/T 17470 Glass Fiber Mats - Chopped Strand and Continuous Filament Mats
GB/T 18369 Glass Fiber Roving
GB/T 18370 Glass Fiber Woven Roving
GB/T 18371 Glass Filament Yarn
GB/T 20428 Granite Surface Plates
GB/T 22040-2008 Technical Requirements and Determination of Weathering Quality for
Plastics of Highway Furnitures
JT/T 495 Sampling Methods for Highway Safety Facilities Quality Inspection
3 Terms and Definitions
This document does not have terms or definitions that need to be defined.
4 Product Classification
4.1 In accordance with different molding processes, glass fiber reinforced plastics products are
divided into:
a) Molded and pressed glass fiber reinforced plastics;
b) Winded glass fiber reinforced plastics;
c) Pultruded glass fiber reinforced plastics;
d) Rolled glass fiber reinforced plastics;
e) Molded glass fiber reinforced plastics;
f) Hand lay-up glass fiber reinforced plastics;
g) Other formed glass fiber reinforced plastics.
4.2 In accordance with different flame-retardant properties, glass fiber reinforced plastics
products are divided into:
a) Level-1 flame-retardant properties, which is used in environments with high flame-
retardant requirements, that is, closed or semi-closed structures with a continuous
length of not less than 1,000 m;
b) Level-2 flame-retardant properties, which is used in environments with relatively high
flame-retardant requirements, that is, closed or semi-closed structures with a
continuous length of less than 1,000 m;
c) Level-3 flame-retardant properties, which is used in environments with general flame-
retardant requirements, that is, full open environments.
4.3 In accordance with different weather resistance properties, glass fiber reinforced plastics
products are divided into:
a) Common weather-resistant type, which is used in environments without special strong
ultraviolet light exposure;
b) Anti-ultraviolet weather-resistant type, which is the type of products exposed to
normal sunlight environment and need to be painted on the outer wall.
5 Technical Requirements
5.1 Raw Materials
5.1.1 Resin
The performance index of unsaturated polyester resin shall comply with the requirements of
GB/T 8237.
5.1.2 Reinforcing materials
The performance index of reinforcing materials shall comply with the requirements of GB/T
17470, GB/T 18369, GB/T 18370 and GB/T 18371, and high-alkali glass fiber products shall
not be used.
5.2 Appearance Quality
5.2.1 For specimens with no coating on the surface, the surface shall be smooth, and uniform
in color and luster; there shall be no defects such as wrinkles, cracks, particles, gummosis, resin
shall comply with the stipulations of various product standards.
5.3.6 Resistance to chemical media
5.3.6.1 Gasoline resistance
After being subject to the test of the specified time in 6.11.1, the specimen shall not manifest
traces of softening, wrinkles, blisters, cracks, dissolution, exposure of reinforcing materials and
solvent immersion, etc. on the surface; the retention rate of flexural strength of the material
shall comply with the stipulations of various product standards.
5.3.6.2 Acid resistance
After being subject to the test of the specified time in 6.11.2, the specimen shall not manifest
traces of softening, wrinkles, blisters, cracks, dissolution, exposure of reinforcing materials and
solvent immersion, etc. on the surface; the retention rate of flexural strength of the material
shall comply with the stipulations of various product standards.
5.3.6.3 Alkali resistance
After being subject to the test of the specified time in 6.11.3, the specimen shall not manifest
traces of softening, wrinkles, blisters, cracks, dissolution, exposure of reinforcing materials and
solvent immersion, etc. on the surface.
5.4 Environmental Adaptability
5.4.1 Damp heat resistance
After being subject to 240 h of damp heat resistance test, the specimen shall not manifest traces
of discoloration or erosion on the surface; the retention rate of flexural strength of the material
shall comply with the stipulations of various product standards.
5.4.2 Low-temperature impact resistance
After being subject to the low-temperature impact resistance test in 6.12.2, with the impact
point as the center, outside the area with a radius of 6 mm, the specimen shall not manifest
phenomena of cracking, delamination, peeling or other damages on the surface.
5.4.3 Low-temperature drop resistance
After being subject to the low-temperature drop test in 6.12.3, the specimen shall manifest no
phenomena of breakage, cracking or damages on the surface.
5.5 Weather Resistance
5.5.1 Resistance to artificial accelerated aging (xenon arc light source)
After being subject to 950 h of artificial accelerated aging test with xenon arc lamp, the
specimen without coating shall manifest no phenomena of obvious aging, such as: exposure of
reinforcing materials, discoloration, cracking and pulverization, etc. on the surface, and the
retention rate of flexural strength of the material shall comply with the stipulations of various
product standards; the specimen with coated surface shall comply with the appearance
requirements of GB/T 22040-2008, and the retention rate of flexural strength of the material
shall comply with the stipulations of various product standards.
5.5.2 Resistance to artificial accelerated aging (fluorescent ultraviolet light source)
After being subject to 600 h of artificial accelerated aging test with fluorescent ultraviolent light
source, the specimen shall not manifest defects, such as: pulverization, blistering and peeling,
on the outer coating.
5.5.3 Resistance to natural exposure
After being subject to 5 years of natural exposure test, the specimen without coating shall
manifest no phenomena of obvious aging, such as: exposure of reinforcing materials,
discoloration, cracking and pulverization, etc. on the surface, and the retention rate of flexural
strength of the material shall comply with the stipulations of various product standards; the
specimen with coated surface shall comply with the appearance requirements of GB/T 22040-
2008, and the retention rate of flexural strength of the material shall comply with the stipulations
of various product standards.
6 Test Methods
6.1 Specimen Conditioning and Test Environment Conditions
Unless it is otherwise specified, the specimen shall be subject to 24 h of state conditioning in
accordance with the stipulations of GB/T 1446, and be tested under the following conditions:
a) Ambient temperature: 23 C 2 C;
b) Relative humidity of test environment: 50% 10%.
6.2 Reagents
The reagents shall include:
a) Solid reagent: NaOH (chemically pure);
b) Liquid reagents: H2SO4 (chemically pure), gasoline (92#).
6.3 Test Instruments and Equipment
The main instruments and equipment used for the test shall include:
a) Mechanical properties testing machine: shall comply with the stipulations of GB/T
1446;
6.6.5 Density
In accordance with the method of GB/T 1463, conduct the test. Regularly shaped product
specimens should adopt the geometric method; specially shaped product specimens may adopt
the buoyancy method.
6.6.6 Barcol hardness
In accordance with the method of GB/T 3854, conduct the test.
6.6.7 Load deformation temperature
In accordance with the method of GB/T 1634.3-2004, conduct the test. The span is set to 100
mm, and the maximum bending stress uses Method A, which is 1.80 MPa.
6.7 Flame-retardant Properties
6.7.1 Oxygen index
In accordance with the method of GB/T 8924, conduct the test.
6.7.2 Vertical combustion
In accordance with the method of GB/T 2408, conduct the test.
6.8 Smoke Density
In accordance with the method of GB/T 8627, conduct the test.
6.9 Adhesion Performance
In accordance with the method of GB/T 9286, conduct the test.
6.10 Water Resistance
In accordance with the method of GB/T 2573, conduct the test. The test water shall be distilled
water or deionized water, and the test water temperature is 23 C 2 C or 40 C 2 C. After
720 h of test, check the appearance quality of the specimen, determine the flexural strength of
the specimen and calculate the retention rate of flexural strength. The water temperature of the
arbitration test is 23 C 2 C.
6.11 Resistance to Chemical Media
6.11.1 Gasoline resistance
In accordance with the method of GB/T 3857, conduct the test. The test solvent is 92# gasoline.
After soaking at room temperature at 10 C ~ 35 C for 360 h, check the appearance quality of
the specimen, determine the flexural strength of the specimen and calculate the retention rate
of flexural strength.
6.11.2 Acid resistance
In accordance with the method of GB/T 3857, conduct the test. The test solvent is 30% sulfuric
acid solution. After soaking at room temperature at 10 C ~ 35 C for 360 h, check the
appearance quality of the specimen, determine the flexural strength of the specimen and
calculate the retention rate of flexural strength.
6.11.3 Alkali resistance
In accordance with the method of GB/T 3857, conduct the test. The test solvent is 10% sodium
hydroxide solution. After soaking at room temperature at 10 C ~ 35 C for 168 h, check the
appearance quality of the specimen.
NOTE: if there is a special service environment for the above-mentioned chemical solvent
resistance tests, the concentration of the test solvent and the test cycle shall be determined
by both parties through negotiation.
6.12 Environmental Adaptability
6.12.1 Damp heat resistance
In accordance with the method of GB/T 2573, conduct the test. Select the constant damp heat
test conditions. The temperature is 60 C 2 C and the relative humidity is 93% 2%. Carry
out the test with 24 h as a test cycle and conduct not less than 10 consecutive cycles. After the
test, check the appearance quality of the specimen, determine the flexural strength of the
specimen and calculate the retention rate of flexural strength.
6.12.2 Low-temperature impact resistance
Place the specimen with a length of not less than 300 mm or not less than 50% of the total
length of the sample in a low-temperature test chamber. After the temperature drops to 40 C
2 C, maintain the temperature constant for 2 h, then, take out the specimen; immediately use
a steel ball with a mass of 1 kg 50 g to freely drop to impact the specimen at a distance of 1
m directly above the specimen; observe the test results.
6.12.3 Low-temperature drop resistance
Place the specimen whose length is not less than 300 mm in the low-temperature test chamber.
When the actual length of the sample is less than 300 mm, put the whole sample into the low-
temperature test chamber. After the temperature drops to 40 C 2 C, maintain the
temperature constant for 2 h, then, take out the specimen; with the length direction of the
specimen or the front of the specimen parallel to the ground, from a height of 1 m, let it freely
fall to the hard ground; observe the test results.
6.12.4 Weather resistance
6.12.4.1 Resistance to artificial accelerated aging (xenon arc light source)
7.1.2 Inspection conditions
The type inspection shall be carried out every two years. Under one of the following
circumstances, type inspection shall also be carried out:
a) Newly designed and trial-manufactured products;
b) During the official production, if there are major changes in raw materials and
processes that may affect product properties;
c) When the exit-factory inspection results are significantly different from the previous
type inspection;
d) When the production has been suspended for more than half a year, then, resumed.
7.1.3 Determination rules
During the type inspection, when one of the indicators does not comply with the requirements,
then, double samples shall be taken from the same batch of products to conduct a re-inspection
on the indicator. If it is still disqualified in the re-inspection results, then, the product shall be
determined as disqualified in the type inspection, otherwise, it shall be determined as qualified.
7.2 Exit-factory Inspection
7.2.1 General requirements
The products shall pass the inspection of the producer’s quality inspection department and be
attached with a product quality certificate before exiting the factory.
7.2.2 Batch
Products with the same formula, raw materials, processes and production conditions can
constitute a batch.
7.2.3 Sampling method
In accordance with the stipulations of JT/T 495, conduct the test.
7.2.4 Inspection items
Comply with the stipulations of various product standards.
7.2.5 Determination rules
During the exit-factory inspection, when one of the indicators does not comply with the
requirements, then, double samples shall be taken to conduct a re-inspection on the indicator.
If the samples in the re-inspection are still disqualified, then, the batch shall be determined as
disqualified.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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