GB/T 23131-2019 (GB/T23131-2019, GBT 23131-2019, GBT23131-2019)
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Standard ID | GB/T 23131-2019 (GB/T23131-2019) | Description (Translated English) | Household and similar electrical toilets | Sector / Industry | National Standard (Recommended) | Classification of Chinese Standard | Y62 | Classification of International Standard | 97.180 | Word Count Estimation | 26,231 | Date of Issue | 2019-03-25 | Date of Implementation | 2019-10-01 | Drafting Organization | China Household Electrical Appliances Research Institute, Jiumu Kitchen and Bathroom Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Xingxingbian Jiebao Co., Ltd., Guangdong Lehua Home Furnishing Co., Ltd., Panasonic Home Appliance Research and Development (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., Jardine Sanitary Ware Co., Ltd., Wuxi Oufeng Technology Co., Ltd. Company, Taizhou Institute of Quality and Technical Supervision and Inspection, Olusha Co., Ltd., Hangzhou Xiaomu Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., LIXIL Building Materials (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., Roca (China) Co., Ltd., Xi'an Sanhua Liangzhi Electric Co., Ltd. , Zhejiang Tejieer Intelligent Sanitary Ware Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Bodian Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Kohler Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Hengjie Sanitary Ware Group Co., Ltd., Duravit Sanitary Ware Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Weikai Testing Technology Co., Ltd. , Zhongshan Hermes Sanitary Ware Co., Ltd., Xiamen Ruier | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee of Household Appliances (SAC/TC 46) | Proposing organization | China National Light Industry Federation | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration |
GB/T 23131-2019
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 97.180
Y 62
Replacing GB/T 23131-2008
Household and similar electrical toilets
ISSUED ON: MARCH 25, 2019
IMPLEMENTED ON: OCTOBER 01, 2019
Issued by: Sate Market Regulatory Administration;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 7
4 Classification, specifications and model naming ... 9
5 Technical requirements ... 10
6 Test methods ... 14
7 Inspection rules ... 23
8 Marking, instructions for use, packaging, transportation, storage ... 25
Appendix A (Normative) Test method of cleaning rate ... 27
Appendix B (Informative) Test method of sterilization performance ... 30
Appendix C (Informative) Odor test method ... 35
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 23131-2008 “Electronic toilet”. As compared with
GB/T 23131-2008, in addition to editorial changes, the main technical changes
of this standard are as follows:
- CHANGE the standard name into “Household and similar electrical toilets”;
- RE-APPROVE the scope of application of the standard (see chapter 1);
- RE-DEFINE the "electrical toilets". ADD the definitions of "standard
operation mode", "energy consumption", "water consumption", "perception
ability", "learning ability", "memory ability"; DELETE the definitions of
"heating-storage electronic toilets", "fast-heating electrical toilets",
"simulated load", "cleaning performance", "maximum water temperature",
etc. (see chapter 3);
- For the specification type, ADD the “cleaning-heating method”. DETAIL the
functional form. ADD the classification by "control method". For the
specification of appliance in the model, MODIFY the representation by the
"maximum input power" of the appliance into the representation by the
"maximum water flow consumption" (see chapter 4);
- MODIFY clause 5.1 conditions of use. In clause 5.1.2, RE-APPROVE the
"test run". In clause 5.2 "cleaning performance", DIVIDE the "cleaning rate"
in 5.2.1 into four grades: A, B, C, D. ADD the clause 5.2.2 "spray water flow
consumption". ADD the clause 5.3 "blowing performance"; DIVIDE it into
four grades: A, B, C, D. ADD clause 5.4 "seat's heating function". MODIFY
the requirements of clause 5.5 "energy consumption"; DIVIDE it into four
grades: A, B, C, D. ADD the clause 5.6 "water consumption"; DIVIDE it into
four grades: A, B, C, D. CHANGE the original "complete device's life" into
clause 5.7 "durability"; meanwhile IMPROVE the assessment contents;
DIVIDE it into four grades: A, B, C, D. ADD the antibacterial and mildew-
proof requirements for the appliance in clause 5.8. REVISE the clause 5.9
"structure and material" (see chapter 5);
- IMPROVE the clause 6.1 “test requirements” and “instrumentation and
accuracy”. In clause 6.2 “cleaning performance”, MODIFY the test contents
of “cleaning rate” in clause 6.2.1; IMPROVE the test methods of "spray
water flow consumption" in clause 6.2.2. ADD the test methods of "blowing
performance" in clause 6.3. ADD the test methods of "seat's heating
function" in clause 6.4. MODIFY the test method of "energy consumption"
in clause 6.5. ADD the test methods of "water consumption" in clause 6.6.
REDEFINE the test method of the "durability" in clause 6.7. PROPOSE the
Household and similar electrical toilets
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, classification, specifications
and model naming, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules,
markings, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage of
household and similar electrical toilets.
This standard applies to single-phase electrical toilets that are used in
households and similar places and which have a rated voltage not exceeding
250 V.
This standard does not apply to ceramic toilets and electrical toilets for medical
use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are essential to the application of this document. For
the dated documents, only the versions with the dates indicated are applicable
to this document; for the undated documents, only the latest version (including
all the amendments) are applicable to this standard.
GB/T 191 Packaging - Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 1019 General requirements for the package of household and similar
electrical appliances
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes -Part 1:
Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot
inspection
GB/T 4214.1 Test method for noise of household and similar electrical
appliances - General requirements
GB/T 4343.2 Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for household
appliances, power tools and similar appliances - Part 2: Immunity
GB 4706.1 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 1:
General requirements
GB 4706.53-2008 Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety -
Particular requirements for toilets
GB 4789.2 National food safety standard -Microbiological examination of
food: Aerobic plate count
GB/T 4798.1 Environmental conditions existing in the application of electric
and electronic products - Section 1: Storage
GB/T 4798.2 Environmental conditions existing in the application of electric
and electronic products - Section 2: Transportation
GB/T 5296.2 Instructions for use of consumer products - Part 2: Household
and similar appliances
GB 5749 Standards for drinking water quality
GB/T 14295 Air filter
GB/T 18204.2 Examination methods for public places - Part 2: Chemical
pollutants
GB/T 18883 Indoor air quality standard
GB 19489 Laboratories - General Requirements for Biosafety
GB 21551.1-2008 General requirement of antibacterial and cleaning function
for household and similar electrical appliances
GB 21551.2 Antibacterial and cleaning function for household and similar
electrical appliances - Particular requirements of material
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Electrical toilets
The appliances which are driven by electric power and clean the residual
excrement of the human body by water, has the single-function or multi-
function such as blowing or seat heating, etc. (hereinafter referred to as
"electrical toilets").
3.2
Standard operation mode
The standard operation process which is used to measure such items as
cleaning rate, energy consumption, water consumption, etc.
4 Classification, specifications and model naming
4.1 Classification
4.1.1 According to the control method, it is divided into:
a) Ordinary type, represented by the Chinese Pinyin letter P;
b) Intelligent type with perception, learning and memory abilities, represented
by the Chinese Pinyin letter N.
4.1.2 According to the cleaning and heating method, it is divided into:
a) Instant-heating type, expressed by the Chinese Pinyin letter J;
b) Water-storage type, expressed by the Chinese Pinyin letter C;
c) Other, not indicated.
4.1.3 According to the functional forms, it is divided into:
a) Those which has the hair dryer function, represented by the Chinese
Pinyin letter F;
b) Those which has the seat heating function, represented by the Chinese
Pinyin letter R;
c) Those which has the nozzle self-cleaning function, represented by the
Chinese Pinyin letter Q;
d) Those which has the antibacterial function, represented by the Chinese
Pinyin letter K;
e) Those which has the environmental deodorization function, represented
by the Chinese Pinyin letter C;
f) Other, indicated by the initials of the first Chinese character in the actual
function.
4.2 Specifications
The specifications of the electrical toilet are expressed in the model number as
the maximum spray water flow consumption of the electrical toilet, in the unit of
milliliters per minute (mL/min).
4.3 Model naming
for 1 min.
6.1.8 Instrumentation and accuracy shall meet the following requirements:
a) The relative uncertainty of the electrical instrument for type test is not less
than 1.0%. The relative uncertainty for the exit-factory inspection is not
less than 2.0%;
b) The relative uncertainty of the meter for measuring time is not less than
0.5%;
c) The uncertainty of the meter for measuring temperature shall not be lower
than 0.5 °C;
d) The relative uncertainty of the meter for measuring wind speed is not less
than 2.0%;
e) The pressure gauge is in kilopascals (kPa), which has a relative
uncertainty of not less than 10%;
f) The weighing scale is in grams (g), which has a relative uncertainty of not
less than 1.0%.
6.2 Cleaning performance
6.2.1 Cleaning rate
The electrical toilet is tested in accordance with the provisions of Appendix A in
the standard operation mode.
6.2.2 Maximum spray water flow consumption
According to the instructions for use: Select the maximum spray water flow
consumption mode. Use the container (as shown in Figure 1) to collect the
cleaning water for 60 s. Weigh and calculate the flow rate (water density is
based on 1 g/mL). Take the arithmetic mean of 3 times as the maximum spray
water flow consumption.
the process.
The cleaning rate and water consumption are tested under the same conditions,
the cleaning rate meets the requirements, the water consumption result is
effective.
Carry out 3 tests. Take the arithmetic mean of 3 measurements as the water
consumption of the electrical toilet.
6.7 Durability
According to the instructions for use, the flushing water temperature and
intensity are set to the highest gear, the air blowing function is set to the highest
gear. Rinse the buttocks for 30 s, bidet for 30 s (if there is no such function, use
the buttocks rinsing function to rinse it for another 30 s). If there is air blowing
function, run it for 30 s. The above operation modes form a test cycle. The time
interval between different cycles is 30 s.
After the test is completed, the electrical toilet can still complete the functions
as specified in the instructions for use.
6.8 Antibacterial, mildew-proof, sterilization, deodorization ability
6.8.1 The antibacterial rate and mildew-proof grade of the material shall be in
accordance with the provisions of GB 21551.2.
6.8.2 The sterilization test method for water, nozzle, toilet's inner wall and other
positions in the water circuit of the electrical toilet is as shown in Appendix B.
6.8.3 The test method for deodorization is as shown in Appendix C.
6.9 Structure and materials
Use visual inspection of each item in 5.9.1 ~ 5.9.3 to confirm whether they
comply with requirements. The item in 5.9.4 is tested according to the method
of Appendix A of GB 21551.1-2008.
7 Inspection rules
7.1 Inspection requirements
Products shall pass the test in accordance with this standard before they can
be put into production in batches.
7.2 Instructions for inspection
Each product shall be accompanied by a quality inspection certificate, an
instruction for use, a warranty letter.
7.5.1 In addition to the requirements specified in GB 4706.1, GB 4706.53-2008
and GB/T 4343.2, the type test of the product shall also comply with the relevant
requirements of chapter 5.
7.5.2 Type test shall be carried out in one of the following cases:
a) When new products are trial-produced, finalized, identified;
b) After the formal production, when the product changes greatly in the
design, process and materials, which may affect the performance of the
product;
c) When production is resumed after suspension for more than half a year;
d) When the exit-factory inspection result is significantly different from the
previous type test result;
e) At least once a year during normal production.
7.5.3 The period of the type test shall be determined by the manufacturer itself.
The sample shall be randomly selected from the products that have passed the
exit-factory inspection.
7.5.4 If the storage (or the date of production) is more than two years before
exit-factory, the type test shall be carried out again (except for durability).
8 Marking, instructions for use, packaging,
transportation, storage
8.1 Marking
The marking of the product shall comply with the corresponding provisions of
GB 4706.1 and GB 4706.53-2008 as related to the "marking".
8.2 Instructions for use
In addition to the corresponding provisions of GB 4706.1, GB 4706.53-2008
and GB/T 5296.2, the instructions for use of the product shall also include:
- Product name, specification, model number;
- Maximum spray water flow consumption;
- Producer (manufacturer) name, address, contact information;
- Product overview, functional features;
Appendix B
(Informative)
Test method of sterilization performance
B.1 Scope
The method is suitable for testing the water, the nozzle, the inner wall of the
toilet and the like in the water passage of the electrical toilet. Refer to this
method for the sterilization performance test of other locations or components.
B.2 Test strains and activation
B.2.1 Test bacteria
B.2.1.1 Selection of test strains
Escherichia coli AS 1.90
Staphylococcus aureus AS 1.89
B.2.1.2 General requirements
The test strains shall meet the following basic requirements:
a) According to the requirements of use, it may also select other strains as
test bacteria. However, all strains shall be provided by the National
Collection and Management Center of the corresponding species and the
name and classification number of the test strains shall be indicated in the
report;
b) The laboratory shall use the test microorganisms safely according to the
relevant national regulations, try to select non-pathogenic or low-
pathogenic microorganisms;
c) The various medium components used in the culture of the strains shall
comply with the requirements of the Collection and Management Center
of the corresponding species;
d) All vessels and materials involved in microbial manipulation shall be
sterilized in advance, preferably wet heat sterilization (121 °C, 20 min);
e) It is suitable for electrical toilets that claim to have a sterilizing effect;
f) Each bacterium is tested separately.
B.2.2 Strain activation
Test group: The width of the coating area of the bacteria solution is based on
the distance between the upper and lower limits of the nozzle outlet. Under the
conditions of ensuring the coating area of 100 mm2, determine the length on
the outer surface around the water outlet. Apply 20 μL of spiked bacteria
solution (the bacterial suspension is mixed with 2% xanthan gum in equal
volume) in the determined area. After the surface is slightly dried, start the
sterilization procedure. At the end of the procedure, use 10 mL of physiological
saline which has a concentration of 0.85% for recovery, to determine the
number of viable bacteria remaining.
Positive control: Directly recover the bacteria solution after being coated and
slightly dried. Determine the number of viable bacteria. The number of viable
bacteria recovered from the positive control shall not be lower than 105 CFU/mL.
B.3.2.3 Sterilization of the toilet's inner wall
Pretreatment: Use 75% alcohol to wipe the surface of the nozzle twice. Then
use sterile water to wipe it twice. Let it dry naturally.
Test group: At the position directly facing the extending direction of the spray
bar in the toilet, as well as the center positions at left and right sides,
respectively draw an area of 50 mm x 50 mm. Apply 500 μL of the spiked
bacteria solution (the bacterial suspension is mixed with 2% xanthan gum in
equal volume). After the surface is slightly dried, start the sterilization procedure.
At the end of the procedure, use 10 mL of physiological saline which has a
concentration of 0.85% for recovery, to determine the number of viable bacteria
remaining. Perform recovery at the three positions respectively.
Note 1: If other water flows through the nozzle before the sterilization process is started, the
water source can be turned off before the sterilization process is started during the test, to
ensure that only the sterile water passes through the nozzle.
Positive control: Directly recover the bacteria solution after being coated and
slightly dried. Determine the number of viable bacteria. The number of viable
bacteria recovered from the positive control shall not be lower than 106 CFU/mL.
Note 2: If other water flows through the nozzle before the sterilization test and the water source
cannot be closed before the test, the number of viable bacteria recovered after the other water
flows can be used as a control.
B.4 Data processing
The sterilization rate is calculated according to the formula (B.1).
Appendix C
(Informative)
Odor test method
C.1 Scope
This Appendix applies to toilets that claim to have a deodorization function.
Such electrical toilets generally use components capable of purifying air (such
as activated carbon filters, negative ion generators, etc.), so that they can
remove odors, such as ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide, which produce
foreign odor in the electrical toilet and in the bathroom. The test measures the
concentration of the odorous substance at the air inlet and the air outlet, thereby
calculating the deodorization rate.
C.2 Odorous substance
Ammonia gas (NH3), the purity of the source shall be greater than 99% or above
the secondary spiked gas. The analysis method is based on GB/T 18204.2.
The on-line gas concentration analyzer must have a resolution of at least 0.01
mg/m3 and shall be calibrated periodically by chemical or chromatographic
methods, with a deviation of ±10%.
Note: Other odorous substances can also be used.
C.3 Test device
The deodorization test needs to be carried out in the air passage system. The
air passage design refers to GB/T 14295. It shall also meet the requirements of
Figure C.1.
During the test, it shall be ensured that the odorous substances can be
continuously and stably produced. The concentration unevenness of the
odorous substances in the upstream section of the air passage system shall
not exceed 15%. The fluctuation of the concentration of gaseous pollutants
within 30 minutes shall not exceed 10%.
The external environment of the test device shall be as clean and airtight as
possible. It shall meet the requirements of GB/T 18883. At the same time it is
equipped with a purification exhaust system, to prevent odorous substances
from polluting the surrounding environment.
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