GB/T 13173-2021 PDF English
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| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivery | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 13173-2021 | English | 905 |
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Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents
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| GB/T 13173-2008 | English | 230 |
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Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Testing methods
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| GB/T 13173.1-1991 | English | 279 |
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Method of sample division for detergents
| Obsolete |
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GB/T 13173-2021: Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT13173-2021
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 71.100.40
Y 43
Replacing GB/T 13173-2008
Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents
(ISO 607.1980, ISO 697.1981, ISO 4313.1976, ISO 4321.1977, ISO 4325.1990, ISO
21264.2019, MOD)
ISSUE ON. MAY 21, 2021
Implemented on. DECEMBER 1, 2021
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation of the People's Republic of China;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Normative references... 5
3 Terms and definitions... 5
4 Reduction of sample... 8
5 Determination of particle size of powdered detergents... 13
6 Determination of total phosphorus oxide content in detergents... 15
7 Determination of total active substance content in detergents... 21
8 Determination of non-ionic surface active agent content in detergents... 25
9 Separation determination of various phosphates content in detergents... 29
10 Determination of toluene sulfonate content in detergents... 34
11 Determination of foaming power for synthetic detergents... 37
12 Determination of EDTA content in detergents... 42
13 Determination of apparent density of powdered detergent... 44
14 Determination of whiteness of powdered detergents... 48
15 Determination of moisture and volatile content in detergents... 51
16 Determination of active oxygen content in detergents... 52
17 Determination of 4A zeolite content in detergents... 54
18 Determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates content in detergents... 57
19 Determination of available chlorine content in detergents (titrimetric method). 62
20 Determination of free alkali content in detergents... 64
21 Determination of dry sodium soap content in detergents... 66
22 Determination of high and low temperature stability of detergents... 69
23 Determination of odour of detergents... 69
24 Determination of colour and appearance of detergents... 70
25 Test result report requirements... 70
Annex A (Informative) Structural changes of this standard with respect to ISO standards... 71
Annex B (Informative) Technical differences between this standard and ISO
standards adopted and their causes... 74
Annex C (Informative) Identification test of alkylphenol ethoxylates... 78
Foreword
This standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 13173-2008 Surface active agents – Detergents - Testing
methods. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T
13173-2008.
-- The sample reduction method of block sample is added (see 4.2.4);
-- The specimen treatment of phosphorus molybdenum blue colorimetry in the
determination of total phosphorus oxide content is modified (see 6.2.4.2; 6.2.4.2
of Edition 2008);
-- The extraction of ethanol solution in the determination of total active substance
content is modified (see 7.4.1.1; 7.5.1.1 of Edition 2008);
-- The procedure of determining sodium oxide in the determination of total active
substance content is modified (see 7.4.1.2; 7.5.1.2 of Edition 2008);
-- The application of mixed bed resin in the determination of non-ionic surface active
agent content is added (see 8.2.1.3 and 8.4.1.3);
-- The relative foaming power determination in the determination of foaming power is added (see 11.7);
-- The determination of relative enzyme activity or content of protease is deleted (see Clause 18 of Edition 2008);
-- The determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates content in detergents is added (see Clause 18);
-- The determination of free alkali content in detergents is added (see Clause 20);
-- The determination of dry sodium soap content in detergents is added (see Clause 21);
-- The determination of high and low temperature stability of detergents is added (see Clause 22);
-- The determination of odour is added (see Clause 23);
-- The determination of colour and appearance is added (see Clause 24);
-- The informative annex “Identification test of alkylphenol ethoxylates” is added (see Annex C).
This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 607.1980 Surface
active agents and detergents -- Methods of sample division, ISO 697.1981 Surface
active agents -- Washing powders -- Determination of apparent density -- Method by
measuring the mass of a given volume, ISO 4313.1976 Washing powders --
Determination of total phosphorus oxide content -- Quinoline phosphomolybdate
gravimetric method, ISO 4321.1977 Washing powders -- Determination of active
oxygen content -- Titrimetric method, ISO 4325.1990 Soaps and detergents --
Determination of chelating agent content -- Titrimetric method, and ISO 21264.2019
Surface active agents -- Detergents -- Determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates.
This standard is changed largely in terms of structure due to the integration of several
international standards; the comparison between this standard and the international
standards in clause/subclause number is listed in Annex A.
Technical differences have been made in this standard with respect to the above
international standards, and relevant technical differences and their causes have been
listed in Annex B.
This standard was proposed by China National Light Industry Council.
This standard shall be under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on
Surfactant and Detergent of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 272).
The drafting organizations of this standard. China Daily Chemical Research Institute
Co., Ltd., Shanghai Kaimi Technology Co., Ltd., Blue Moon (China) Co., Ltd.,
Unilever (China) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Bagmei Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Keli
Technology Co., Ltd., Xiamen Amber Daily Chemical Co., Ltd. Technology Co., Ltd.,
South China University of Technology.
The main drafters of this standard. Yao Chenzhi, Li Xiaoting, Yao Yizhong, Yu Wen,
He Qiong, Li Xiaohui, Li Xiaorui, Zhang Qing, Guo Hongtao, Feng Wenxi, Sheng Jing
Yuan, Fang Xiyan.
The previous edition of this standard is as follows.
-- GB/T 13173-2008.
1 Scope
This standard describes the test methods for indexes of surface active agents and
detergents, such as sample reduction, particle size, total phosphorus oxide content, total
active substance content, non-ionic surface active agent content, various phosphate
content, toluenesulfonate content, foaming power, chelating agent (EDTA) content,
apparent density, whiteness, moisture and volatile matter content, active oxygen content,
4A zeolite content, alkylphenol ethoxylates content, effective chlorine content, free
alkali content, dry sodium soap content, stability at high and low temperature, odour,
colour and appearance, etc.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6003.1 Test sieves -- Technical requirements and testing -- Part 1.Test
sieves of metal wire cloth (GB/T 6003.1-2012, ISO 3310-1.2000,
MOD)
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use -- Specification and test
methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696.1987, MOD)
JJG 512 Whiteness meters
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
surface active agents
The surface-active compound that dissolves in liquids, especially in water, and has a
significant reduction in surface or interfacial tension due to preferential adsorption on
liquid/gas surfaces or other interfaces
3.2
detergent
The specially prepared product that is used for cleaning in the process of cleaning
4 Reduction of sample
Reduction of a bulk sample by a mechanical process until a reduced sample is obtained.
The sample reduction process may be required for the following reasons.
The procedure specified is applicable to powders, including spray-dried powders, and
particularly, those that contain additives that have been introduced after the drying
process.
5 Determination of particle size of powdered detergents
The specimen is sieved by a mechanical oscillator through a sieve with a specified pore
size, and the mass of the specimen left on the sieve and in the tray is weighed
respectively, expressed as a percentage of the specimen.
Test sieve, of sieve frame diameter D=200 mm, complying with the requirements of GB/T
6003.1.Select a set of sieves with specified pore size according to the requirements
of the product standard to be tested, and equipped with tray and sieve cover.
6 Determination of total phosphorus oxide content in detergents
Hydrolysis of polyphosphates by nitric acid. Precipitation of phosphates in the form of
quinoline phosphomolybdate in acetone solution. Drying and weighing of the precipitate.
After the specimen solution is filtered out of water-insoluble substances such as
pyrophyllite, the remaining polyphosphate is hydrolyzed into orthophosphate in
inorganic acid, and phosphorus molybdenum blue is formed with ammonium
molybdate in the presence of reducing agent.
7 Determination of total active substance content in detergents
Extract the specimen with ethanol; filter and separate it; quantify the ethanol solute and
sodium chloride in it. The total active substance content in product is obtained by
subtracting the content of sodium chloride in ethanol solute from the content of ethanol
solute. When it is necessary to deduct water cosolvent from the total active substance,
it can be obtained by further extracting the quantified ethanol soluble substance with
chloroform and then deducting the chloroform insoluble substance.
8 Determination of non-ionic surface active agent content in detergents
Anion exchange resin and cation exchange resin are used to exchange ion with ionic
surface active agents, so that it remains on the ion exchange column, while non-ionic
surface active agent is not exchanged and flows out with solvent. After distilling the
solvent, the content of non-ionic surface active agent is determined by gravimetric
method.
9 Separation determination of various phosphates content in detergents
After injecting the specimen solution into anion exchange resin column, first elute the
cation and non-ionic surface active agents with water; then elute with potassium
chloride solution with increasing concentration in turn to separate orthophosphate,
pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, trimetaphosphate and polyphosphate, which are
determined by phosphorus molybdenum blue colorimetry after hydrolyzed.
10 Determination of toluene sulfonate content in detergents
The soluble organic matter and surface active agents are extracted from the detergent
sample by ethanol dissolution method, and the ethanol is evaporated to dryness. The
surface active agents in the residue are separated by ethyl ether/aqueous solution
extraction method, and the content of toluene sulfonic in the aqueous phase is
determined by UV absorption method (at the characteristic absorption wavelength).
11 Determination of foaming power for synthetic detergents
The sample is prepared into a certain concentration of test solution with water of certain
hardness. Under certain temperature conditions, the 200 mL test solution flows from 90
cm height to the bottom 50 mL of the graduated cylinder, and the height of the foam
measured is the foaming power of the sample.
12 Determination of EDTA content in detergents
Adjust the pH of the sample solution to about 4.6 with hydrochloric acid solution; use
1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol as indicator to titrate the chelating agent with copper
sulfate standard solution; calculate the content of chelating agent in the specimen with
ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) or its sodium salt.
13 Determination of apparent density of powdered detergent
Under the specified conditions, drain the specimen from a funnel with the specified
shape, fill a receiver with a known volume, then determine the mass of the powder.
The apparent density of powder may be evaluated by the mass of powder occupying a
certain volume or the volume occupied by a certain mass of powder. In both forms, the
process of transferring the powder from the original container to the measuring
container is included.
14 Determination of whiteness of powdered detergents
Irradiate the detergent using whiteness meter with D65 light source; calibrate the
whiteness meter with standard whiteboard; measure the three stimulus values X, Y and
Z of the specimen; and calculate the whiteness according to Ganz whiteness equation.
15 Determination of moisture and volatile content in detergents
Measure the content of water and volatile matter in the sample according to the mass
loss of the specimen after drying at a certain temperature.
16 Determination of active oxygen content in detergents
The hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate, released from the aqueous
solution of peroxyhydrate, are co-reduced in the acidic solution, accompanied by the
release of oxygen.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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