GB/T 12362-2016 PDF English
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| Standard ID | Contents [version] | USD | STEP2 | [PDF] delivery | Name of Chinese Standard | Status |
| GB/T 12362-2016 | English | 375 |
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Steel die forgings - Tolerance and machining allowance
| Valid |
| GB/T 12362-2003 | English | 839 |
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4 days
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Tolerances and machining -- Allowances of steel die forging
| Obsolete |
| GB/T 12362-1990 | English | 879 |
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6 days
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Tolerances and machining allowances of steel die forgings
| Obsolete |
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GB/T 12362-2016: Steel die forgings - Tolerance and machining allowance---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT12362-2016
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 77.140.85
J 32
Replacing GB/T 12362-2003
Steel die forgings - Tolerance and machining allowance
Issued on. DECEMBER 13, 2016
Implemented on. JULY 01, 2017
Issued by. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and
Quarantine of PRC;
Standardization Administration of PRC.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 3
1 Scope... 5
2 Tolerances and machining allowance grades... 5
3 Technical contents... 5
Appendix A (Informative) Example for application of forging tolerance... 27
Foreword
This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 12362-2003 "Steel die forgings - Tolerance and machining
allowance". Compared with GB/T 12362-2003, except for editorial revisions, the main
changes are as follows.
- In the Scope, CHANGE the "Machining allowance and its use principle" into
"Machining allowance grade and technical content"; CHANGE the "structural steel
forging" into "structural steel die forging"; CHANGE "250 kg" into "500 kg" (see
Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of the 2003 edition);
- DELETE that "Forgings that can only be achieved by additional manufacturing
processes" and "flat forgings only use ordinary grades" (see 2.1 of the 2003 edition);
- In the special case a) of 3.1.2, ADD that "When selecting the tolerance, only the
mass of the cylinder part, which has a diameter d and thickness t, is considered for
the mass of the forging; if the tolerance selected by this special rule is smaller than
that selected according to the general rules in 3.1.2, THEN select the tolerance
according to the general rules in 3.1.2” (see 3.1.2);
- In the special case b) of 3.1.2, "When selecting the dimensional tolerance of the
relevant features, only the mass of the cylinder part, which has a diameter d1 and
thickness t1, is considered for the mass of the forging; if the tolerance selected by
this special rule is smaller than that selected according to the general rules in 3.1.2,
THEN the tolerance selected according to the general rules in 3.1.2 shall prevail”
(see 3.1.2);
- DELETE that "When using coal heating or two-fire heating, it may be considered
to appropriately increase the tolerance or margin; the value shall be determined
through negotiation, between the supplier and the buyer" (see 3.1.6 of the 2003
edition);
- CHANGE the "error tolerance" to "error" (see 3.2.4; 3.2.4 of the 2003 edition);
- CHANGE the "depth tolerance" to "depth" (see 3.2.14; 3.2.14 of the 2003 edition);
- MODIFY the mass ranges in Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 16; ADD the
query lines (see Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 16; Table 1, Table 2, Table
3, Table 4, Table 16 of the 2003 edition);
- MODIFY the aperture range in Table 15; ADD the query line (see Table 15; Table
15 of the 2003 edition).
This standard was proposed by AND shall be under the jurisdiction of the National
Forging Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 74).
Drafting organizations of this standard. Dongfeng Forging Co., Ltd., Beijing
Electromechanical Research Institute.
The main drafters of this standard. Wu Yujian, Wu Tingsong, Wei Wei, Jin Hong, Zhao
Yeqin, Chen Wenjing, Cheng Chenwen.
This standard replaces the standard previously issued as follows.
- GB/T 12362-1990, GB/T 12362-2003.
Steel die forgings - Tolerance and machining allowance
1 Scope
This standard specifies the tolerances, machining allowance grades, technical content
of steel die forgings (hereinafter referred to as "forgings").
This standard applies to structural steel die forgings, which are produced by forging
hammers, hot die forging presses, screw presses, flat forging machines and other
forging equipment. Forgings of other steel grades can also make reference to this
standard. This standard applies to forgings, which have a mass less than or equal to 500
kg and a length (maximum dimension) less than or equal to 2500 mm.
2 Tolerances and machining allowance grades
2.1 The tolerances in this standard are divided into two grades. ordinary grade and
precision grade.
Ordinary tolerances are suitable for forgings, that can meet technical requirements in
general die forging processes.
2.2 Only one grade is used for machining allowance.
3 Technical contents
3.1 Main factors for determining forging tolerances and machining allowances
3.1.3 Forging material factor M
The forging material factor is divided into two grades. M1 and M2.
Grade M1.Carbon steel which has a maximum carbon content of less than 0.65%, OR
alloy steel which has a total alloying element content of less than 3%.
Grade M2.Carbon steel which has a maximum carbon content greater than or equal to
0.65%, OR alloy steel which has a total content of alloy elements greater than or equal
to 3%.
3.2 Tolerance
3.2.1 Length, width, height tolerances
3.2.8 Steps and thickness tolerances of flat forgings
3.2.8.1 Step dimensional tolerances
The step dimension refers to the dimension p of the upsetting part, along the axial
direction (Figure 12); its dimensional tolerance is determined by Table 1.
3.2.8.2 Thickness dimension tolerance
The thickness dimension refers to the dimension, t, from the punch across the parting
line to the die (Figure 12); its tolerance value is determined in Table 3, according to the
maximum thickness dimension.
3.2.9 Concentricity tolerance of flat forgings
The coaxiality tolerance of flat forgings refers to the allowable offset value of the axis
of the forming part of the punch, to the axis of the forming outer diameter of the die.
The coaxiality tolerance is determined by Table 1;
3.2.10 Local deformation tolerance of flat forgings
For the connection between the unformed rod part and the upsetting part of the forging,
the local deformation is allowed to be conical (Figure 14); its length is l ≤ 1.5d and not
more than 100 mm. The local deformation tolerance is determined by the maximum
diameter D of the upsetting part.
3.2.11 Wall thickness tolerance
The wall thickness difference is the difference, between the largest dimension and the
smallest dimension of the wall thickness, which is measured in the same cross section
of the forging with holes (Figure 15). The tolerance is twice the error in Table 1 or Table
2.
3.2.13 Center distance tolerance
Tolerances for center-to-center distances (Figure 16), for flat straight parting and within
the same die, are determined from Table 8.
3.2.14 Surface defect depth
The depth of surface defects refers to the actual depth of depressions, pits, bumps, folds,
cracks on the surface of forgings, which are specified as follows.
3.2.15 Other tolerances
3.2.15.5 Punching offset tolerance
The punching offset refers to the offset of the hole center, as relative to the theoretical
center, at the point where the punching is connected to the skin. The tolerances are
determined from Table 13.
3.3 Machining allowance
The machining allowance of forgings is determined from Table 15 and Table 16,
according to the estimated forging mass, surface roughness of parts, shape complexity
factor. For the flat thin section or the section of the adjacent part of the forging with a
large change in the section, the local allowance shall be appropriately increased (Figure
18).
Appendix A
(Informative)
Example for application of forging tolerance
Figure A.1 and Table A.1 give examples of connecting rod forging tolerances. Figure
A.2 and Table A.2 give examples of half-shaft forging tolerances.
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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