GB 4599-2024 PDF English (GB 4599-2007: Older version)
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Similar Standards: GB 5920 GB 4599 GB 4785 Contents and Excerpt:GB 4599-2024
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.20
CCS T 38
Replacing GB 4599-2007, etc.
Road illumination devices and systems for motor vehicles
ISSUED ON: SEPTEMBER 29, 2024
IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2025
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of ContentsForeword ... 4
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative references ... 6
3 Terms and definitions ... 7
4 Determination of identical types ... 8
5 General requirements ... 9
6 Light source requirements ... 10
7 Light color requirements ... 11
8 Light distribution performance ... 11
9 Light distribution stability of devices or systems (except corner lamps) ... 26
10 Devices or systems equipped with LED modules or laser light source modules
(except corner lamps) ... 27
11 Material test and complete headlamp test with plastic lens (except corner lamps) 30
12 Test requirements and methods ... 33
13 Inspection rules ... 39
14 Implementation of standards ... 42
Appendix A (Normative) Voltage and reference center marking (applicable to
headlamps and front fog lamps) ... 43
Appendix B (Normative) Spherical coordinate system ... 44
Appendix C (Normative) Aiming and quality requirements for the cut-off line of
headlamps ... 46
Appendix D (Normative) Aiming and quality requirements for the cut-off line of front
fog lamps ... 51
Appendix E (Normative) Light distribution performance stability test for devices or
systems (except corner lamps) ... 53
Appendix F (Normative) Lighting method for light distribution stability test ... 60
Appendix G (Normative) Tests for LED modules or laser light source modules and
devices or systems equipped with LED modules or laser light source modules (except
corner lamps) ... 64
Appendix H (Normative) Tests for plastic lenses and their materials and whole lamps
(except corner lamps) for lighting devices ... 66
Appendix I (Normative) Test sequence for complete headlamps, lenses or material
samples for devices or systems with plastic lenses ... 70
Road illumination devices and systems for motor vehicles
ScopeThis document specifies the same type determination, overall requirements, light source
requirements, light color requirements, photometric performance, photometric stability,
test methods and inspection rules for road illumination devices and systems for motor
vehicles.
This document applies to the design, manufacture and acceptance of road illumination
devices and systems such as passing beam, driving beam, front fog lamps, corner lamps,
etc. used in M and N category vehicles.
Normative ReferencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of
their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the
version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references,
the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document.
GB 4785, Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling
devices for motor vehicles and their trailers
GB/T 43081-2023, Lamps and light sources for road vehicles - Dimensional,
electrical and luminous requirements
IEC 60825-1:2014, Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and
requirements
Note: GB 7247.1-2012, Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification
and requirements (IEC 60825-1:2007, IDT)
IEC 62471-7:2023, Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems - Part 7:
Light sources and luminaries primarily emitting visible radiation
UN R37, Uniform provisions concerning the approval of filament lamps for use
in approved lamp units of power-driven vehicles and of their trailers, UN
UN R99, Uniform provisions concerning the approval of gas-discharge light
sources for use in approved gas-discharge lamp units of power-driven vehicles,
UN
5.4 Reference center marking
The device or system shall be marked with the reference centre, and the marking
method shall comply with the provisions of Appendix A. If two driving beam
headlamps are installed on each side of the vehicle, each driving beam headlamp shall
be marked separately.
5.5 Driver assistance projection function requirements
5.5.1 The applicant or manufacturer shall provide a list of driver assistance projection
functions, which shall not cause discomfort, dazzle or distract other road users.
5.5.2 Only the functions listed below are allowed to use the driver assistance projection
function:
-- passing beam (shall comply with the requirements of 8.2.9);
-- driving beam (shall comply with the requirements of 8.3.6).
5.5.3 The light color of the marking or pattern of the auxiliary projection function shall
be white.
5.5.4 The lateral distance from the outer edge of the auxiliary projection function
marking or pattern used on the road to the center of gravity of the vehicle shall not
exceed 1 875 mm. The applicant or manufacturer shall prove it by calculation or by a
method approved by the certification body.
5.5.5 Auxiliary projection function markings or patterns are allowed to flash when
emergency danger signals (such as rear-end collision warning signals, emergency brake
signals, danger warning signals, etc.) are working. In this case, the flashing frequency
shall be 4.0 Hz ± 1.0 Hz.
6 Light source requirements
6.1 Replaceable light source
6.1.1 For replaceable filament light sources, they shall be able to be installed in the
correct position of the luminaire without the use of tools, even in the dark.
6.1.2 The types and performance requirements of replaceable filament light sources,
gas discharge light sources and LED (light-emitting diode) light sources used in devices
or systems shall comply with the provisions of UN R37, UN R99, UN R128 and R.E.5.
6.2 Non-replaceable light source
6.2.1 For light sources that can only be replaced as a whole with the device or
installation unit, filament light sources or gas discharge light sources shall not be used.
This requirement does not apply to corner lights.
6.2.2 Headlamps may use LED modules or laser light source modules. If laser light
source modules are used, the passing beam and driving beam shall comply with the
requirements of 4.4 of IEC 60825-1:2014 and the requirements of BLH-C of IEC
62471-7:2023. Laser modules are not allowed to be used in front fog lamps and corner
lamps.
6.2.3 The LED modules or laser light source modules used in the device or system shall
be able to prevent misoperation and their design shall comply with:
a) Ensure that each LED module or laser light source module can only be installed
in the correct position and can only be removed using tools;
b) If multiple LED modules or laser light source modules are used in the same
lamp body, ensure that modules with different characteristics cannot be
interchanged;
c) LED modules or laser light source modules are not mechanically
interchangeable with other replaceable light sources, even with the use of tools.
7 Light color requirements
The light color of the device and system shall be white, and the light color of the front
fog lamp can also be selectively yellow. The chromaticity characteristics shall comply
with the relevant provisions of GB 4785.
8 Light distribution performance
8.1 General requirements
All light distribution performance tests required by this document shall be carried out
in the coordinate system specified in Appendix B.
8.2 Passing beam distribution performance
8.2.1 Each test point and test area for the passing beam distribution performance shall
comply with the requirements of Figure 1. In the figure, Area IIIa is composed of the
area enclosed by point 1 (8L-1U), point 2 (8L-4U), point 3 (8R-4U), point 4 (8R-2U),
point 5 (6R-1.5U), point 6 (1.5R-1.5U), point 7 (0-0), and point 8 (4L-0) in sequence;
Area IIIb is composed of the area enclosed by point 1 (8L-1U), point 2 (8L-4U), point
3 (8R-4U), point 4 (8R-2U), point 5 (6R-1.5U), point 6 (1.5R-1.5U), point 7' (0.5L-
0.34U), and point 8' (4L-0.34U) in sequence.
but the measured light distribution value shall be corrected according to
Formula (5). In the case of more than one LED light source, the average
value of the correction factors shall be used, and the deviation of each
correction factor from the average value shall not exceed 5%.
2) When using LED modules or laser light source modules, unless otherwise
specified, the test voltage shall be 13.2 V or 28.0 V corresponding to the
product. If an electronic light source controller drives the light source module,
the voltage specified by the applicant or manufacturer shall be used for
measurement. It is permitted to use a power supply drive unit with specified
specific parameters (cycle, frequency, waveform, peak value) instead of an
electronic light source controller for measurement.
d) For non-replaceable light sources that work directly under the vehicle power
supply system, all measurements shall be carried out at 13.2 V, 13.5 V (only for
corner lamps) or 28.0 V, or at the voltage specified by the applicant or
manufacturer. The applicant or manufacturer may be required to provide a
dedicated power supply and the measurements shall be carried out at the voltage
specified by the applicant or manufacturer.
e) When the electronic light source controller is part of the lamp, the voltage
specified by the applicant or manufacturer shall be applied to the lamp input.
f) When the electronic light source controller is independent of the lamp, the
voltage specified by the applicant or manufacturer shall be applied to the input
of the electronic light source controller. The applicant or manufacturer shall
provide a dedicated electronic light source controller for powering the light
source and corresponding functions.
g) For other special light sources, the test voltage (or current) shall be in accordance
with that specified by the applicant or manufacturer. If necessary, the applicant
or manufacturer shall provide a dedicated power supply.
12.3 Light distribution test of illumination devices
12.3.1 General requirements
Before the light distribution test, the device or system shall be lit with the corresponding
test voltage according to the light source used in the device or system and in accordance
with the requirements of 12.2.7, and its light distribution performance shall be stabilized.
12.3.2 Headlamp light distribution test
12.3.2.1 Passing beam aiming
12.3.2.1.1 Method of passing beam aiming
The cut-off line of the horizontal part of the basic passing beam shall be located 0.57°
below the H-H line. Aiming shall be performed according to the method in C.2. When
aiming, it is allowed to cover part of the lens to make the cut-off line clear and easy to
see. If the turning point is not clear, the photometric value of 75R and 50R shall be used
as the standard.
12.3.2.1.2 Confirmation of passing beam aiming
When visual aiming is not possible or when the position of the cut-off line is unclear,
confirm the quality of the cut-off line in accordance with the requirements of C.3 and
carry out the instrument aiming of the cut-off line.
12.3.2.1.3 Cornering lighting aiming
12.3.2.1.3.1 When the cornering lighting beam is obtained by rotating the passing beam
or horizontally moving the turning point of the cut-off line, the measurement shall be
carried out after completing the horizontal re-aiming. After aiming and confirming
according to 12.3.2.1.1 and 12.3.2.1.2, if the passing beam does not meet the
requirements, the cut-off line is allowed to be adjusted within the range of 0.2° in the
vertical direction and upward and downward.
12.3.2.1.3.2 When the cornering lighting beam is obtained by moving one or more
optical components of the headlamp while the inflection point of the cut-off line
remains stationary in the horizontal direction, the measurement shall be carried out
when these optical components are in the extreme working positions specified by the
applicant or manufacturer.
12.3.2.1.3.3 When the cornering lighting beam is obtained by lighting an additional
light source while the inflection point of the cut-off line remains stationary in the
horizontal direction, the measurement shall be carried out when the light source is lit.
12.3.2.2 Driving beam aiming
12.3.2.2.1 The center of the area of maximum luminosity of the light beam shall be
located at the HV point.
12.3.2.2.2 For the driving beam that can be adjusted separately, the driving beams shall
be aimed separately. After aiming, if the light distribution performance does not meet
the requirements, re-aiming is allowed within the range of no more than ±0.5° in the
vertical direction and no more than ±1° in the horizontal direction. For driving beam
and passing beam integrated headlamps, the driving beam shall be measured according
to the initial aiming position of the passing beams. If the light distribution performance
of the driving beam does not meet the requirements, re-aiming is allowed within the
range of no more than ±0.25° in the vertical direction and no more than ±0.75° in the
horizontal direction.
12.3.2.3 Test of headlamps with adjustable driving and passing beams
the range of no more than ±0.5° in the vertical direction and no more than ±2° in the
horizontal direction after adjustment.
12.4 Light color test
According to the requirements of 12.2.7, at the corresponding test voltage, carry out the
light color test at the test points corresponding to each lighting function specified in
Table 15. Carry out the light color test of the corner lamp at the 45L-2.5D point of the
left lamp and the 45R-2.5D point of the right lamp.
12.5 Other test methods
12.5.1 LED modules or laser light source modules, devices or systems equipped with
LED modules or laser light source modules (except corner lamps) shall be tested in
accordance with the provisions of Appendix G.
12.5.2 The stability of the light distribution performance of lighting devices (except
corner lights) shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of Appendix E.
12.5.3 The plastic lenses and their materials of lighting devices (except corner lamps)
and the light-transmitting plastic components in the optical system shall be tested in
accordance with the provisions of Appendix H.
12.5.4 The luminous flux of the LED module or laser light source module shall be tested
according to the method specified in Appendix M.
13 Inspection rules
13.1 Requirements for type inspection materials and samples
13.1.1 Materials and samples required
13.1.1.1 The drawings of the device or system shall be prepared in triplicate. The
drawings shall indicate the characteristic structure of the components that can change
the optical characteristics/light distribution performance of the system, and indicate the
reference axis, reference center and geometric position of the installation on the vehicle
related to each function, as well as the use position and adjustment range of the reflector.
For devices or systems that provide cornering lighting, the adjustment range shall be
provided.
13.1.1.2 A technical specification shall include the following contents.
a) The functions, modes, beam types and levels provided by the device or system,
and the relationship between the relevant functions, modes, beam types and
levels when working; for laser headlamps/systems, documents shall be provided
to explain the safety measures to be adopted in the event of failure.
b) The type of light source used, and the following.
1) If a filament light source is used, provide its type in UN R37 or R.E.5;
according to the provisions of 6.2.1, if the filament light source used in the
corner lamp can only be replaced with the corner lamp as a whole, and the
filament light source does not belong to the type in R.E.5, then a document
shall be submitted to prove that the life of the filament bulb meets the
requirements of 4.11 in GB/T 43081-2023.
2) If a gas discharge light source is used, provide its type in UN R99 or R.E.5.
3) If LED light source is used, provide its type in UN R128 or R.E.5.
4) If LED modules or laser light source modules are used, provide the module
type and parameters, including the specifications, dimensions, optoelectronic
parameters and target luminous flux of the LED modules or laser light source
modules, and whether they are replaceable; the electrical connection
information of the electronic light source controller used for inspection; one
LED module or laser light source module of each type and a detailed manual,
and submit the electronic light source controller together if it is used.
13.1.1.3 There shall be one headlamp sample on each side, including the mounting
device, power supply, actuator and signal generator (if any). There shall be one front
fog lamp sample on each side. There shall be one corner lamp sample on each side.
13.1.1.4 Except for corner lamps, for plastic material tests of devices or systems
equipped with plastic lenses, the following samples shall be provided.
a) 14 lenses:
1) 10 of the lenses can be replaced by 10 material samples with a minimum size
of 60 mm × 80 mm, the radius of curvature of the outer surface of which is
not less than 300 mm, and there is a sufficiently flat area in the middle with
a size of at least 15 mm × 15 mm for measurement;
2) Each lens or material sample shall be manufactured in mass production.
b) One complete lamp without a lens (including the reflector), which may be
equipped with a lens according to the applicant or manufacturer's instructions.
13.1.1.5 When a device or system (except corner lamps) equipped with LED modules
or laser light source modules needs to undergo a light source irradiation test, one plastic
material sample or one system or device assembly sample must be provided. Each
material sample shall have the same performance and surface treatment as the material
used in the device or system for which certification is applied. The applicant or
manufacturer shall provide one of the following:
a) necessary equipment for conducting the test;
b) when the test is not carried out: a test report to confirm that the device or system
with the same structure (assembly) meets the requirements.
13.1.1.6 An electronic light source controller or variable light intensity controller (if
required).
13.1.1.7 Description of the characteristics of the lens and coating materials. If relevant
tests have been carried out, the relevant test reports shall be attached.
13.1.1.8 For variable-intensity front fog lamps, the applicant or manufacturer shall
provide documents to explain that the intensity of the lamp can be varied proportionally.
13.1.2 Requirements for type inspection of devices or systems
Each sample of the device or system shall comply with the relevant provisions of
Chapters 5 ~ 11.
13.2 Production consistency inspection
13.2.1 For products that have passed the type inspection, samples taken randomly shall
be used to determine their production consistency.
13.2.2 Randomly selected samples shall comply with the provisions of Chapter 6 and
Chapter 7.
13.2.3 Carry out the test in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 12. The light
distribution performance of the randomly selected samples shall meet the following
requirements.
a) The light distribution performance of the headlamp shall comply with the
requirements of 8.2.8 and 8.3.5, and the upper limit of the light intensity within
the driver assistance projection function area shall not exceed 258 000 cd.
b) The light distribution performance requirements for front fog lamps shall comply
with the requirements of 8.4.2; if a front fog lamp using a colorless light source
to emit selective yellow light is installed, its light distribution limit shall be 0.84
times the requirement.
c) The production consistency of corner lamps is only assessed at the three test
points specified in Figure 4 (30L-2.5D, 45L-2.5D, 60L-2.5D on the left side;
30R-2.5D, 45R-2.5D, 60R-2.5D on the right side). The minimum light intensity
limit of the light distribution performance is relaxed to 80% of the regulations,
and the maximum light intensity limit is relaxed to 120% of the regulations.
d) Except for corner lamps, samples equipped with plastic lenses shall comply with
the requirements of H.9.
Appendix E
(Normative)
Light distribution performance stability test for devices or systems (except
corner lamps)
E.1 Sample and test preparation
E.1.1 Sample preparation
E.1.1.1 For devices, the complete lamp sample includes the ballast, light source or light
source module and the parts around the lamp body that affect the heat dissipation
performance.
E.1.1.2 For systems, the complete lamp system sample refers to the complete parts of
the left and right sides of the system, including the electronic light source controller,
and/or power supply and operating device, as well as those lamp body parts around the
lamp body that may affect heat dissipation. If allowed, each installation unit and light
source module of the entire system can be tested separately.
E.1.1.3 The test sample in this Appendix (hereinafter referred to as the “sample”) can
be a whole system or an installation unit; the light source refers to a filament light source,
a gas discharge light source, a light source module or the light-transmitting part of a
light source module.
E.1.2 Test preparation
E.1.2.1 The test shall be carried out under the environmental conditions specified in
12.1.3, and the sample shall be mounted on a bracket that represents its correct loading
position.
E.1.2.2 When using replaceable light sources, the test shall use mass-produced filament
light sources that have been aged for at least 1 hour, or mass-produced gas discharge
light sources that have been aged for at least 15 hours, or mass-produced LED light
sources that have been aged for at least 48 hours. Before the test begins, the light source
shall be cooled to room temperature.
E.1.2.3 When using light source modules, use mass-produced light source modules and
age them for at least 48 hours before testing and cool them to room temperature.
E.1.2.4 The measuring equipment shall be the same as that used for system type
inspection. For front lighting devices or systems with adaptive functions, they shall be
set to a neutral status before the test.
E.2 Light distribution performance stability test
E.2.1 Clean lamp test procedure
E.2.1.1 The sample shall be lit for 12 h as specified in E.2.1.2 ~ E.2.1.10 and tested as
specified in 9.2.
E.2.1.2 If only one lighting function (driving beam, passing beam or front fog lamp) is
provided for the sample, the corresponding light source shall be lit for the time specified
in E.2.1.1. When the headlamp under test is combined or mixed with a signal lamp, the
latter shall be lit during the test. When the latter is a turn signal lamp, it shall be lit in a
flashing manner, with the ratio of the lighting and extinguishing time being
approximately 1:1. When the latter is a daytime running lamp, it may not be lit.
E.2.1.3 When the sample provides one passing beam and one or more driving beams,
or includes one passing beam and one front fog lamp, it shall comply with the following
requirements.
a) The device is illuminated in the following cycle until the time specified in E.2.1.1
is reached:
1) The passing beam is turned on for 15 minutes;
2) All functions are turned on for 5 minutes.
b) If the applicant or manufacturer declares that the device is designed so that the
passing beam and driving beam cannot be illuminated at the same time, the
passing beam shall be illuminated for half of the time specified in E.2.1.1, and
all driving beams shall be illuminated for the remaining half of the time.
c) For the case where the passing beam and driving beam are provided by the same
gas discharge light source, the device is illuminated in the following cycle until
the time specified in E.2.1.1 is reached:
1) The passing beam is turned on for 15 minutes;
2) All beams capable of providing driving beams are illuminated for 5 minutes.
E.2.1.4 Systems with adaptive functions shall meet the following requirements.
a) When the system provides more than one function or more than one level of
passing beam, if the applicant or manufacturer declares that each specific
function or each level of passing beam has its own light source and cannot be
illuminated at the same time, then each specific function or each level of passing
beam shall be illuminated in sequence according to the maximum power mode
of each specific function or level and the time distribution specified in E.2.1.1.
b) For all other situations, whether the system provides or partially provides each
level of passing beam mode, the time specified in E.2.1.1 shall be evenly
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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