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GB 4785-2019 PDF in English


GB 4785-2019 (GB4785-2019) PDF English
Standard IDContents [version]USDSTEP2[PDF] delivered inName of Chinese StandardStatus
GB 4785-2019English505 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery. Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers Valid
GB 4785-2007English210 Add to Cart 0-9 seconds. Auto-delivery. Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers [including MODIFICATIONS 1, 2] Obsolete
GB 4785-1998EnglishRFQ ASK 9 days Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light signalliug devices for motor vehicles and their trailers Obsolete
GB 4785-1984EnglishRFQ ASK 3 days Numbers, positions and colours of the external lighting and light signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers Obsolete
Standards related to (historical): GB 4785-2019
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GB 4785-2019: PDF in English

GB 4785-2019 NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.040.20 T 38 Replacing GB 4785-2007 Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers ISSUED ON: DECEMBER 17, 2019 IMPLEMENTED ON: JULY 01, 2020 Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the PRC. Table of Contents Foreword ... 4  1 Scope ... 6  2 Normative references ... 6  3 Terms and definitions ... 7  4 General requirements ... 20  5 Special regulations ... 34  5.1 Main-beam headlamp ... 34  5.2 Passing-beam headlamp ... 38  5.3 Front fog lamp ... 45  5.4 Reversing lamp ... 47  5.5 Direction-indicator lamp ... 49  5.6 Hazard warning signal ... 55  5.7 Stop lamp ... 56  5.8 Rear-registration plate illuminating device ... 60  5.9 Front position lamp ... 60  5.10 Rear position lamp ... 63  5.11 Rear fog lamp ... 65  5.12 Parking lamp ... 66  5.13 End-outline marker lamp ... 68  5.14 Non-triangular rear retro-reflector ... 70  5.15 Triangular rear retro-reflector ... 71  5.16 Non-triangular front retro-reflector ... 72  5.17 Non-triangular side retro-reflector ... 74  5.18 Side marker lamp ... 75  5.19 Daytime running lamp ... 77  5.20 Cornering lamp ... 79  5.21 Conspicuity marking ... 80  5.22 Adaptive front lighting system (AFS) ... 81  5.23 Emergency stop signal ... 89  5.24 Marker lamp for draw-bar-trailer ... 91  5.25 Manoeuvring lamp ... 92  5.26 Rear-end collision alert signal ... 94  6 Inspection rules ... 95  6.1 Same type judgement and inspection ... 95  6.2 Type inspection ... 95  6.3 Production consistency inspection ... 96  6.4 Changes and expansion of lighting and light-signalling devices for vehicles ... 96  Prescription for installation of the external lighting and light-signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers 1 Scope This Standard specifies the general requirements, special regulations, and inspection rules, etc. for the installation of the external lighting and light- signalling devices for motor vehicles and their trailers. This Standard applies to type M, N, and O motor vehicles and trailers, etc. 2 Normative references The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For the dated references, only the editions with the dates indicated are applicable to this document. For the undated references, the latest edition (including all the amendments) are applicable to this document. GB/T 3977 Specification of colors GB 4094 Motor vehicles - Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales GB 4599 Motor vehicle headlamps equipped with filament lamps GB 4660 Motor vehicle front fog lamps equipped with filament lamps GB 5920 Photometric characteristics of front and rear position lamps, end- outline marker lamps and stop lamps for motor vehicles and their trailers GB 11554 Photometric characteristics of rear fog lamp for power-driven vehicles and their trailers GB 11564 Retro-reflector device for motor vehicles GB 12676 Technical requirements and testing methods for commercial vehicle and trailer braking systems GB 15235 Photometric characteristics of reversing lamps for power-driven vehicles GB 15766.1 Lamps for road vehicles - Dimensional electrical and luminous requirements GB 17509 Photometric characteristics of direction indicators for motor vehicles and their trailers GB 18099 Photometric characteristics of side-marker lamps for motor vehicles and their trailers GB 18408 Photometric characteristics of devices for the illumination of rear registration plates of motor vehicles and their trailers GB 18409 Photometric characteristics of parking lamps for power-driven vehicles GB 21259 Headlamps equipped with gas - discharge light sources for motor vehicle GB/T 21260 Headlamp cleaner GB 21670 Technical requirements and testing methods for passenger car braking systems GB 23254 Retro-reflective markings for trucks and trailers GB 23255 Photometric characteristics of daytime running lamps for power driven vehicles GB 25990 Rear-marking plates for vehicles and their trailers GB 25991 Automotive headlamps with LED light sources and/or LED modules GB/T 30036-2013 Adaptive Front-lighting System for Motor Vehicles GB/T 30511 Photometric characteristics of cornering lamps for motor vehicle ECE R37 Uniform provisions concerning the approval of filament lamps for use in approved lamp units of power-driven vehicles and of their trailers 3 Terms and definitions The following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Type test Carry out a type test on the number and method of installation of external change of motion state of the vehicle. 3.7 Light source One or several illuminants, which can be composed of one or more lampshades and a lamp holder for mechanical and circuit connection. 3.7.1 Replaceable light source The light source which can be inserted into and removed from the lamp holder without tools. 3.7.2 Non-replaceable light source The light source that is fixed in a light source module or lighting unit and can only be replaced along with the light source module or lighting unit as a whole. 3.7.3 Light source module The dedicated optical component of a device that contains one or more non- replaceable light sources. It may have a lamp holder that meets the requirements for replaceable light sources. 3.7.4 Filament light source The light source that emits heat and light through the filament itself. 3.7.5 Gas-discharge light source The light source that emits light through arc discharge. 3.7.6 Light-emitting diode; LED A solid light source made of semiconductor materials. 3.7.7 LED module The light source module that contains only LED light source. It may have a lamp holder that meets the requirements for replaceable light sources. 3.7.8 Objective luminous flux The luminous flux value specified in the light source standard data page, which does not include tolerances. Note 1: Light source standards include GB 15766.1, ECE R37, ECE R99, ECE R128, etc. Note 2: For LED modules that do not meet the requirements of ECE R128, the objective indicator lamps, the apparent surface in this definition is replaced by a light emitting surface. 3.9.3 Combined lamps The device that has a separate apparent surface, a common light source, and a common lamp body in the direction of reference axis. Note: For rear-registration plate illuminating devices and category 5 and 6 direction- indicator lamps, the apparent surface in this definition is replaced by a light emitting surface. 3.9.4 Reciprocally incorporated lamps The device that has a separate light source or single light source (such as optical, mechanical, and electrical differences) that works in different situations in the direction of reference axis, and all or part of which has a common apparent surface and a common lamp body. Note: For rear-registration plate illuminating devices and category 5 and 6 direction- indicator lamps, the apparent surface in this definition is replaced by a light emitting surface. 3.9.5 Single-function lamp Relevant parts of the device that produce a single lighting or light-signalling function. 3.9.6 Concealable lamp The lamp that can be partially or completely hidden by moving the cover, or lamp, or using other appropriate methods when not in use. 3.9.7 Driving-beam headlamp; main-beam headlamp The lamp for long-distance road lighting in front of the vehicle. 3.9.8 Passing-beam headlamp; dipped-beam headlamp The lamp used to illuminate the road in front of the vehicle, which does not cause glare or discomfort to oncoming drivers and other road users. 3.9.8.1 Principal passing-beam; principal dipped-beam Passing beam, excluding beams provided by infrared (IR) emitters and/or additional light sources for corner lighting. 3.9.9 Direction-indicator lamp bar-trailer, which is used to assist other signal lamps and indicate the presence of vehicle. 3.9.29 Manoeuvring lamp The lamp that provides auxiliary lighting for the side of the vehicle when the vehicle is moving slowly. 3.9.30 Rear-end collision alert signal; RECAS An automatic signal sent from the front vehicle to the rear vehicle. It is used to warn the rear vehicle to take urgent action to avoid collision. 3.9.31 Lamps marked “D” The independent lamps that allow separate use, or for which two lamps are treated as an assembly as a "single lamp" for type test respectively. 3.10 Light emitting surface All or part of the outer surface of the transparent material. This surface is marked by the device manufacturer in the drawings attached to the test. It should be marked according to the following conditions: a) In the case that the outer lens is textured, the light emitting surface is all or part of the surface of the outer lens; b) In the case that the outer lens has no texture, the outer lens can be ignored. The light emitting surface shall be marked in the drawing. Note 1: For examples of light emitting surface, see B.3.1 and B.3.4 in Appendix B. Note 2: For an example of condition b), see B.3.5. 3.10.1 Textured outer lens; textured outer lens area All or part of the outer lens, which is designed to affect the propagation of the light source beam, for example, to cause a significant deviation of light from its original direction. 3.11 Illuminating surface Note: See Appendix B for examples of illuminating surface. 3.11.1 Illuminating surface of a lighting device The vertical projection of the entire aperture of the reflector on a transverse plane perpendicular to the reference axis; or for a headlamp with an ellipsoidal According to the manufacturer's requirements, either the vertical projection OF the boundary of the illuminating surface projected on the outer surface of the lens ON a plane in a specific observation direction, or the vertical projection of the light emitting surface on a plane in a specific observation direction. This plane is perpendicular to the observation direction and is in contact with the outermost point of the lens. Note 1: The light-signalling device of variable luminous intensity caused by the variable intensity control defined by 3.8.3, in all cases allowed by the variable intensity control, allows its apparent surface to be variable. Note 2: See Appendix B for examples of apparent surface. 3.13 Axis of reference; reference axis The characteristic line of lamp specified by the manufacturer, which is used as the reference direction of the angular field-of-view (H=0°, V=0°) during photometric measurement and lamp installation. 3.14 Centre of reference The intersection of the reference axis and the outer surface of the light emitting surface, which is specified by the lamp manufacturer. 3.15 Angles of geometric visibility The smallest solid angle visible on the apparent surface of lamp. The solid angle is determined by a part of the ball. The centre of the ball is located at the centre of reference of the lamp. The mid-latitude line is parallel to the ground. Based on the reference axis, the horizontal angle β represents longitude; the vertical angle α represents latitude. 3.16 Extreme outer edge The plane parallel to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the vehicle and in contact with the outer edge of the vehicle. Except for the following protrusions: - The contact (deformed) part of the tire with the ground and the connector of the tire pressure sensor; - Various anti-skid devices on the tire; - Rearview mirror (indirect field of vision device); - Side direction-indicator lamps, end-outline marker lamps, front and rear position lamps, parking lamps, retro-reflectors, and side marker lamps; and the side marker lamp, the reference axis shall be perpendicular to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the vehicle; the reference axis of all other light- signalling devices shall be parallel to it. The tolerance in each direction is ±3°. If the manufacturer has special installation instructions, they shall also be followed. 4.4 If there is no special instruction, when inspecting the installation height and direction of the lamps, the vehicle under test shall be unladen and placed on a level ground. The vehicle shall be in the state defined in 3.26. AFS shall be in a neutral state. 4.5 The installation requirements for paired lamps shall meet the following: a) Relative to the longitudinal symmetry plane of the vehicle, mounted symmetrically on the vehicle (determined by the lamp shape, not the edge of the illuminating surface defined in 3.11). b) Relative to the longitudinal symmetry plane, they are symmetrical to each other, excluding the internal structure of the lamps. c) MEET the same chromaticity requirements and photometric requirements. This subclause does not apply to matched-pair F3-class front fog lamps. 4.6 For vehicles with asymmetrical shapes, the requirements of 4.5 shall also be met as far as possible. 4.7 A single lamp, grouped lamps, combined lamps, and reciprocally incorporated lamps shall meet the following requirements: a) The lamps, in accordance with their respective light colors, installation positions, orientations, geometric visibility, circuit connections, and other requirements, can be grouped, combined, or incorporated with each other. It shall meet the following requirements: 1) When other grouped, combined, or reciprocally incorporated lamps are turned off, the lamps shall meet their photometric and chromaticity requirements. For the case where the front position lamp or the rear position lamp is mixed with one or more functions and working at the same time, it shall be ensured that, when the function and the front position lamp/rear position lamp are turned on at the same time, the chromaticity requirements of the function are met. 2) Stop lamps are not allowed to be incorporated with direction-indicator lamps. 3) In the case of a combination of stop lamps and direction-indicator lamps, arranged side by side. At this time, the projections of the light emitting surfaces of these illuminating units juxtaposed on the transverse plane shall meet the requirements of 4.7 b)1). 4.8 The maximum ground clearance shall be measured from the highest point of the apparent surface in the direction of reference axis. The minimum ground clearance shall be measured from the lowest point of the apparent surface in the direction of reference axis. (If the installation position clearly meets the requirements of this Standard, it is not necessary to determine the precise edge of any surface.) Except for the following cases: a) For situations where the ground clearance may reduce the requirement of geometric visibility, the ground clearance shall be measured with the H plane of the lamp as the reference. b) For passing-beam headlamps and front fog lamps, the minimum ground clearance shall be measured from the lowest point of the effective aperture of the optical system (for example: reflector, lens, projection lens). c) Lateral installation position, for overall width: determined by the edge of the apparent surface in the direction of the reference axis furthest from the longitudinal symmetry plane of the vehicle. The distance between two lamps is determined by the inner edges of the apparent surface in the direction of reference axis. 4.9 Without special instructions, during the operation of lamp, its optical characteristics (such as: light intensity, color, apparent surface, etc.) must not be changed at will. Except in the following cases: a) Direction-indicator lamps, hazard warning signals, side marker lamps in accordance with 5.18.7, and emergency stop signals are allowed to flash. b) Situations in which the optical characteristics allow change: - Change with external ambient light; - Changes as other lamps are turned on; - When the lamp switches to another function. All the above-mentioned changes in optical characteristics shall comply with the relevant technical regulations of lamps. c) The optical characteristics of class 1, 1a, 1b, 2a, or 2b direction-indicator lamps, in accordance with the provisions of GB 17509, allow sequential activation flashing mode. Class 2a and 2b direction-indicator lamps, when 4.17 The illuminating surface of a light-signalling device other than a retro- reflector is determined as follows: a) When determining the upper, lower, and lateral edges of the illuminating surface, the edge of the shielding frame shall be horizontal or vertical. The distance to the outer edge of the vehicle and the height from the ground shall be calculated from this. For other applications of the illuminating surface, such as the distance between two lamps or functions, it shall consider the contour boundary of the illuminating surface. The shielding frames remain parallel and allow for any direction to be used. If the illuminating surface of a light-signalling device completely or partially surrounds the illuminating surface (or non-illuminating surface) of another function, the illuminating surface may be regarded as the light emitting surface itself (see B.3.2, B.3.3, B.3.5, and B.3.6 in Appendix B). b) For all applications of the illuminating surface, when determining the upper, lower, and lateral edges, the edges of the shielding frame shall be horizontal or vertical. 4.18 For rear position lamps, rear direction-indicator lamps, triangular/non- triangular rear retro-reflectors mounted on movable components, the following requirements shall be met: a) The lamps, in all fixed positions of the moving components, meet the requirements of their respective installation positions, geometric visibility, chromaticity, and photometric characteristics. Or when the moving component moves to the fixed open position, there are additional lamps that will automatically turn on, replacing the lamps on the moving component to meet the requirements of installation position, geometric visibility, and photometric characteristics. b) For a lamp consisting of two lamps marked “D”, only one of them is required to meet the installation position, geometric visibility, and photometric characteristics requirements of the lamp at all fixed positions of the moving component [i.e., 4.18 a)]. Or when the moving component moves to the fixed open position, there are additional lamps that will automatically turn on, replacing the lamps on the moving component to meet the requirements of installation position, geometric visibility, and photometric characteristics. c) For the use of interdependent lamp system, one of the following conditions shall be met: the excess subtracted, to reduce the allowable range of the slope. 4.21 When viewed from the direction of reference axis, any movable component (whether or not equipped with a light-signalling device), in all fixed positions, covers the front and rear position lamps, front and rear direction-indicator lamps, and front and rear retro-reflectors at no more than 50% of their apparent surfaces. If the above conditions cannot be met, the following requirements shall be met: a) There are additional lamps that will automatically turn on. It shall ensure that, when above 50% of the apparent surface of the above lamps in the direction of the reference axis is blocked by the moving component, the lamps can still meet all requirements for installation position, geometric visibility, chromaticity, and photometric characteristics. Or, b) It shall be explained in the test material of the lamp: In the direction of the reference axis, the moving component will cover more than 50% of the apparent surface; and, in the above case, there shall be precautions on the vehicle clearly indicating the user that in some positions of the movable component, other road users shall be warned of the presence of the vehicle, such as using warning triangles or other devices prescribed by the state. This requirement does not apply to retro-reflectors. 4.22 With the exception of retro-reflectors, all lamps (including those that have passed type test), after being fitted with a light source or/and a fuse, are not considered if they cannot be lit. 4.23 For lamps which use replaceable filament light sources in accordance with GB 15766.1 and ECE R37 (except for non-replaceable light sources as defined in 3.7.2), their installation on vehicles shall ensure that the light source can be replaced without dedicated tools or special tools, unless these tools are already equipped on the vehicle and the manufacturer shall provide detailed instructions on how to replace them. For the light source module, if it has a lamp holder that is the same as the replaceable light source lamp holder in GB 15766.1 and ECE R37, it shall also comply with this regulation. 4.24 When the rear position lamp has a temporary failure, it is allowed to use a lamp with similar light color, central luminous intensity, and position instead; and, the replacement lamp maintains the original function. During this period, the operating tell-tale (see 3.20) on the panel shall indicate that a temporary replacement has occurred and overhaul is required. 4.25 If AFS is installed, it is equivalent to a pair of passing-beam headlamps and a pair of main-beam headlamps (if equipped). direction to get the same accuracy. c) If the apparent surface of the lamp is partially covered by vehicle components when mounting the lamp, proof shall be provided to show that the unshaded part of the lamp still meets the photometric value required for type test. d) For lamps with an installation height of less than 750 mm from the ground [For measurement method, refer to 4.8 a)], the downward geometric visibility can be reduced to 5°. Its corresponding photometric measurement range can also be reduced to 5°. e) For an interdependent lamp system, the geometric visibility shall be measured when all the interdependent lamps are turned on. 4.29 The area of the light emitting surface of all rear position lamps, rear direction-indicator lamps, and stop lamps of trucks, special operation vehicles, and trailers with a total mass of not less than 4500 kg shall be not less than the area of a circle of 80 mm diameter. If the light emitting surface is not circular, its shape shall be able to accommodate a circle of 40 mm diameter. 4.30 The LED module is non-replaceable. 4.31 When the vehicle is stationary and one or more of the following conditions are met, external lighting and light-signalling devices not defined in this Standard may be turned on; but the effectiveness of external lighting and light- signalling devices defined in this Standard must not be jeopardized: - Engine (propulsion system) stops working; - The driver's or passenger's door has been opened; - The trunk door has been opened. 5 Special regulations 5.1 Main-beam headlamp (lamp which meets the requirements of GB 4599 other than class A, GB 21259, GB 25991) 5.1.1 Equipping The motor vehicle shall be equipped with this lamp; the trailer shall not use it. 5.1.2 Number Two or four. For N3 vehicles, two more main-beam headlamps can be installed. - Ambient light conditions; - Light from front lighting devices and front light-signalling devices on oncoming vehicles; - Light emitted by the rear light-signalling device of the vehicle ahead. Allow installation of additional performance-enhancing sensor functions. "Vehicles" in this subclause refer to vehicles of type L, M, N, O. It is considered that these vehicles are equipped with retro-reflectors and the lighting and light- signalling systems are turned on. 5.1.7.3 The main-beam headlamp shall be able to be manually turned on or off at any time. The main-beam headlamp automatic control function shall be able to be manually turned off. In addition, the manual operation mode of turning off the main-beam headlamp and the main-beam headlamp automatic control function shall be simple and straightforward. No secondary operation is allowed. 5.1.7.4 The main-beam headlamps shall be turned on simultaneously or in pairs. When two more main-beam headlamps are installed in accordance with 5.1.2, N3 vehicles can only switch on two pairs simultaneously at the most. When changing from passing-beam to main-beam, it shall turn on at least a pair of main-beam headlamps. When changing from main-beam to passing-beam, all main-beam headlamps shall be turned off at the same time. 5.1.7.5 When the main-beam headlamp is on, the passing-beam headlamp is allowed to be on as well. 5.1.7.6 When four concealable headlamps are installed, their raised position shall prevent any additional headlamps from working at the same time. The latter is only used to send intermittent light signals during the day. 5.1.8 Tell-tale It shall be equipped with a closed-circuit tell-tale. If the headlamps are automatically controlled as described in 5.1.7.1, the driver shall be provided with a reminder that the automatic control of the main-beam has been activated. This message is displayed while the automatic control is on. 5.1.9 Other requirements 5.1.9.1 Maximum luminous intensity limit The sum of the maximum luminous intensity of all main-beam headlamps that can be turned on at the same time shall not exceed 430000 cd. It can be performed automatically and shall not cause discomfort, distraction, or dizziness. 5.1.9.3.3 Mode of proof of overall performance of automatic control device 5.1.9.3.3.1 The test may be carried out by a simulation method or other methods proposed by the manufacturer; but shall be approved by the testing agency. 5.1.9.3.3.2 Running test as described in E.1 of Appendix E. The performance of automatic control device shall be inspected in accordance with the manufacturer's description (submission of supporting documents). Objections shall be raised for any apparent failure (such as flashing). 5.1.9.3.4 Automatic turning-on conditions for automatically-controlled main-beam headlamps Within the areas and distances described in 5.1.9.3.1.1 and 5.1.9.3.1.2, no vehicle mentioned in 5.1.7.2 is detected; and, the measured ambient light is in accordance with 5.1.9.3.5. 5.1.9.3.5 Cases where the automatically-controlled main-beam headlamps shall turn off automatically In the case that the main-beam headlamp is automatically turned on, when an oncoming or forward running vehicle as defined by 5.1.7.2 is detected in the areas and distances of 5.1.9.3.1.1 and 5.1.9.3.1.2, the main-beam headlamp shall turn off automatically. When the ambient illumination exceeds 7000 lx, the main-beam headlamp shall be automatically turned off. Manufacturers shall, using simulation or the method approved by testing agencies, demonstrate compliance with the above...... ......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.chinesestandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.