GB 40879-2021_English: PDF (GB40879-2021)
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Maximum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for data centers
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GB 40879-2021
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| Standard ID | GB 40879-2021 (GB40879-2021) | | Description (Translated English) | Maximum allowable values of energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for data centers | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | F01 | | Classification of International Standard | 27.010 | | Word Count Estimation | 12,118 | | Date of Issue | 2021-10-11 | | Date of Implementation | 2022-11-01 | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Management Committee | | Proposing organization | National Standardization Management Committee | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Administration |
GB 40879-2021
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 27.010
CCS F 01
Maximum allowable values of energy efficiency and
energy efficiency grades for data centers
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 11, 2021
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2022
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of
China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 3
1 Scope ... 4
2 Normative references ... 4
3 Terms and definitions ... 5
4 Energy efficiency grades and technical requirements ... 6
5 Statistical scope ... 6
6 Test and calculation methods ... 8
Appendix A (Informative) Example of measurement and calculation of the
calculated value of characteristic working condition method of the ratio of
electricity consumption of data centers ... 14
Appendix B (Normative) Table of temperature distribution coefficients of some
cities across the country ... 18
Maximum allowable values of energy efficiency and
energy efficiency grades for data centers
1 Scope
This document specifies the energy efficiency grades and technical
requirements, statistical scope, test and calculation methods for data centers.
This document applies to newly-built, rebuilt and expanded data centers, as
well as to individual or modular units of data center buildings that use
independent power distribution, air cooling, and electric air-conditioning, for
energy consumption measurement, energy efficiency calculation and
assessment.
This document does not apply to edge data centers.
Data centers that use other non-electric air-conditioning equipment can refer to
this document for implementation.
Note: Newly-built data center refers to the data center that is newly-built by the
construction unit in accordance with the prescribed procedures. Rebuilt
data center means that the construction unit transforms an existing
building into a data center, or rebuilds an existing data center computer
room into a new data center. Expanded data center refers to a data
center in which the construction unit increases the number of data center
cabinets or increases the power consumption of the cabinet in order to
expand the business capacity of the data center. Edge data center refers
to a data center that is small in scale, deployed at the edge of the network,
close to the user side, and realizes the functions of computing, storing
and forwarding edge data. The single size does not exceed 100 standard
supports.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the indispensable clauses
of this document through normative references in the text. For dated references,
only the version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for
undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable
to this document.
GB/T 32910.1, Data center - Resource utilization - Part 1: Terminology
5.3 Measuring instruments and meters shall be used to measure the power
consumption of information devices, cooling systems, power supply and
distribution systems and other auxiliary facilities in the data center during the
measurement and calculation period:
a) Information equipment includes but is not limited to:
-- Data computing and processing equipment: such as servers,
workstations, small hosts, information security equipment;
-- Data exchange processing equipment: such as switches, routers,
firewalls, network analyzers, load balancing equipment;
-- Data storage processing equipment: such as disk storage arrays, optical
disc library storage devices, tape storage devices;
-- Auxiliary electronic equipment: such as network management system,
visual display, control terminal, and other electronic equipment installed
in the host room.
b) The cooling system includes but is not limited to:
-- Terminal air-conditioning equipment used in the computer room: such
as room-level, row-level, cabinet-level, chip-level air-conditioning and
computer room temperature and humidity adjustment equipment;
-- Outdoor cooling system: such as air-cooling, water-cooling, evaporative
cooling air-conditioning equipment and air-conditioning refrigeration
conveying equipment;
-- Fresh air system: such as fresh air ventilator, supply air, return air blower,
air valve.
c) The power supply and distribution system includes but is not limited to:
-- Transformers, power distribution cabinets, generators, uninterruptible
power supplies (UPS or HVDC), batteries, cabinet power distribution
units and other equipment.
d) Other auxiliary facilities include but are not limited to:
-- Such as lighting equipment, security equipment, fire extinguishing
equipment, waterproof equipment, sensors, management systems for
data center buildings.
6 Test and calculation methods
6.1 Test conditions
6.1.1 Test environment
During the test, the temperature, relative humidity and illuminance in the data
center shall meet the relevant requirements in GB 50174.
6.1.2 Accuracy of instruments and apparatus
The precision or accuracy of measuring instruments and apparatus shall meet
the following requirements:
-- Electric energy measuring meter: the accuracy is grade 1;
-- Current transformer: grade 0.5;
-- Power meter: grade 0.5;
-- Voltage transformer: grade 0.5;
-- Temperature measuring instrument: the accuracy is ±0.5 °C;
-- Relative humidity measuring instrument: the accuracy is ±0.5%;
-- Illuminance measuring instrument: not lower than grade I; the relative
indication error is less than or equal to ±4%.
6.2 Test location
6.2.1 Location of power consumption measuring points
Measuring instruments and apparatus shall be used to measure power
consumption; refer to the location requirements of each measuring point in
Figure 1 for the setting of power consumption measuring points in the data
center. The location of the installed measuring instruments and apparatus shall
be convenient for the collection and management of power consumption data
in the data center, and shall be convenient for obtaining the data required by
the ratio of electricity consumption of data centers.
The measuring point of the total electricity consumption of data centers shall be
taken before the electrical energy is input into the transformer, that is, the sum
of the power consumption of measuring point 1 and measuring point 2 in Figure
1.
6.2.2.1 Location of indoor measuring points in the data center
The indoor temperature, relative humidity, and illuminance measuring points of
the data center shall be selected in accordance with the relevant requirements
in GB 50462.
6.2.2.2 Location of outdoor measuring points in the data center
The location of the outdoor temperature measuring point of the data center shall
be located at the center of 1 m from the windward surface of the equipment that
affects the cooling performance. If there are multiple outdoor units, the outdoor
temperature is the average value of the temperatures measured on the multiple
outdoor units; cooling equipment shall be avoided from influencing the
temperature measurement.
6.3 Calculation methods
6.3.1 Design value of ratio of electricity consumption of data centers
The design value of ratio of electricity consumption of data centers is calculated
according to Formula (1):
Where:
RD – design value of ratio of electricity consumption of data centers;
ED – the planned design value of the total power consumption, in kilowatt-hours
(kWh);
EDIT – the planned design value of the power consumption of information
equipment, in kilowatt-hours (kW·h).
6.3.2 Calculated value of ratio of electricity consumption of data centers
6.3.2.1 Test methods
The test method of the numerical value of ratio of electricity consumption of
data centers is carried out according to the following regulations:
a) Under the actual operating load conditions of the data center, select
several different time periods within a year, which shall include at least
one characteristic operating point of a ~ e specified in Table 2; respectively
and continuously measure the total power of the data center and the
power of information equipment. Under the refrigeration and information
system stable state, continuously measure for not be less than 12 h; the
Where:
EC – the calibration value of the total power consumption, in kilowatt-hours
(kWh);
Pa ~ Pe – the total power of the data center measured under the working
conditions of a ~ e in Table 2, in kilowatts (kW);
Ta ~ Te – temperature distribution coefficient, the specific value is taken
according to Appendix B;
8 760 – number of hours in a year, in hours (h).
Note: The temperature distribution coefficient Ta ~ Te represents the time
proportion of the temperature interval represented by each characteristic
operating point in the temperature distribution of a certain area
throughout the year.
6.3.2.3 Calibration value of power consumption of information equipment
The calibration value of power consumption of information equipment is
calculated according to Formula (3):
Where:
ECIT – the calibration value of power consumption of information equipment, in
kilowatt-hours (kWh);
PaIT ~ PeIT – the data center information device power measured under the
working conditions of a ~ e in Table 2, in kilowatts (kW);
Ta ~ Te -- temperature distribution coefficient, the specific value is taken
according to Appendix B;
8 760 – number of hours in a year, in hours (h).
Note: The temperature distribution coefficient Ta ~ Te represents the time
proportion of the temperature interval represented by each characteristic
operating point in the temperature distribution of a certain area
throughout the year.
6.3.2.4 Calculated value of ratio of electricity consumption of data centers
The calculated value of ratio of electricity consumption of data centers is
calculated according to Formula (4) and Formula (5):
Where:
RM1 – the measured valued of characteristic working condition of the ratio of
electricity consumption of data centers that is measured according to the
method of 5 characteristic working condition points;
EC – the calibration value of the total power consumption, in kilowatt-hours
(kWh);
ECIT – the calibration value of power consumption of information equipment, in
kilowatt-hours (kWh).
Where:
RM2 – the annual measured value of the ratio of electricity consumption of data
centers that is calculated according to the annual power consumption,
dimensionless;
E – the measured value of annual power consumption, in kilowatt-hours (kWh);
EIT – the measured value of annual power consumption of information devices,
in kilowatt-hours (kW·h).
6.3.3 Determination
The determination of data centers of each grade shall meet the following two
conditions at the same time:
a) The design value of the ratio of electricity consumption of data centers,
the calculated value of the characteristic working condition method and
the annual calculated value (if any) are in compliance with the
requirements for the corresponding grade in Table 1.
b) The measured value of the characteristic working condition method of the
ratio of electricity consumption of data centers and the annual measured
value (if any) shall be less than 1.05 times of the design value.
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