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Steering system of motor vehicles - Basic requirements
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| GB 17675-2021 | English | 345 |
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Steering system of motor vehicles - Basic requirements
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| GB 17675-1999 | English | 70 |
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Steering system of motor vehicles. Basic requirements
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GB 17675-2025: Steering system of motor vehicles - Basic requirements
---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB17675-2025
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 43.040.50
CCS T 23
Replacing GB 17675-2021
Steering system of motor vehicles -- Basic requirements
Issued on: DECEMBER 02, 2025
Implemented on: JULY 01, 2026
Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword... 4
1 Scope... 6
2 Normative references... 6
3 Terms and definitions... 7
3.1 Basic terminology... 7
3.2 Functional safety terminology... 11
3.3 Other terms... 12
4 Technical requirements... 13
4.1 Requirements for vehicles... 13
4.2 Requirements for trailers... 15
4.3 Provisions on expiration... 16
4.4 Alarm signal... 22
5 Test methods... 23
5.1 Test conditions... 23
5.2 Vehicle test... 24
5.3 Trailer test... 25
5.4 Additional tests for full-power steering system... 25
6 Determination of the same type... 29
6.1 Criteria for determining the same type of vehicle related to steering performance (M and N
category vehicles)... 29
6.2 Criteria for determining the same type of vehicle related to steering performance (Category
O vehicles)... 30
6.3 Criteria for determining the same type of functional safety... 31
6.4 Criteria for determining the same type related to electromagnetic compatibility... 31
7 Implementation of standards... 31
Annex A (normative) Supplementary regulations for vehicles equipped with auxiliary
steering equipment (ASE)... 32
A.1 General provisions... 32
A.2 Special provisions... 32
Annex B (normative) Functional safety requirements... 34
B.1 Overall requirements... 34
B.2 Document requirements... 34
B.3 Verification and validation... 44
Annex C (normative) Requirements for functional safety test report of electronic
steering control system... 50
C.1 Overall requirements... 50
C.2 Document content... 50
C.3 Verification and validation tests... 53
Steering system of motor vehicles -- Basic requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the technical requirements for automotive steering systems and
the criteria for determining type compatibility. It also describes the corresponding test
methods.
This document applies to vehicles in categories M, N, and O as specified in GB/T 15089.
This document does not apply to.
- Pneumatic steering systems;
- Vehicles with automatic steering systems.
NOTE. An autonomous steering system is a vehicle-integrated electronic control system that, in
addition to an automatic driving system, responds to signals received and transmitted from outside
the vehicle to guide it along a predetermined or corrected path. The driver does not need to have
primary control of the vehicle.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 3730.1, Terms and definitions of motor vehicles, trailers and combination
vehicle -- Part 1.Types
GB/T 3730.2, Road vehicle. Masses. Vocabulary and codes
GB/T 3730.3, Motor vehicles and towed vehicles. Dimensions of vehicles. Terms and
definitions
GB/T 5053.3, Road vehicles -- Connectors for the electrical connection of towing
and towed vehicles -- Definitions tests and requirements
GB/T 5563, Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies -- Hydrostatic testing
GB/T 7939.3, Connections for hydraulic fluid power -- Test methods - Part 3.Hose
assemblies
GB/T 9574, Rubber and plastics hoses and hose assemblies -- Ratios of proof and
burst pressure to maximum working pressure
GB/T 12540, Minimum turning circle diameter, turning clearance circle and swing-
out value test method for motor vehicles and combination of vehicles
GB 12676, Road vehicle -- Braking systems -- Structure, performance and test
methods
GB/T 15089, Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB/T 20716.1-2025, Road vehicles -- Connectors for the electrical connection of
towing and towed vehicles(7-pole) -- Part 1.Connectors for braking systems and
running gears of vehicles with 24 V nominal supply voltage
GB/T 20718-2006, Road vehicles -- Connectors for the electrical connection of
towing and towed vehicles. 13-pole connector for vehicles with 12V nominal supply
voltage
GB 21670, Technical requirements and testing methods for passenger car braking
systems
GB/T 34590 (all parts), Road vehicles -- Functional safety
GB 34660, Road vehicles -- Requirements and test methods of electromagnetic
compatibility
ISO 2575.2021, Road vehicles -- Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3730.1,
GB/T 3730.2, GB/T 3730.3, GB/T 12540, GB/T 15089 and GB/T 34590.1 as well as
the followings apply.
3.1 Basic terminology
3.1.1 Steering system and equipment
3.1.1.1 steering system
A system used to change or maintain the direction of travel of a vehicle.
NOTE. Includes steering control equipment, steering transmission equipment, steered wheels and
energy supply equipment (if any).
[Source. GB/T 35360-2017, 2.1, modified]
3.3.4 effect of ageing
Irreversible degradation of performance of an electrical storage device due to factors
such as time, use, and environment.
3.3.5 energy management system
A system that monitors key variables affecting performance of an electrical storage
device and state of an electrical storage device (such as voltage, temperature, internal
resistance, effect of ageing, state of charge, power consumption, charging cycles, etc.)
and infers whether the actual capacity of the electrical storage device meets the
performance requirements of this document.
NOTE. The energy management system does not have to be part of the full-power steering system.
3.3.6 electrical supply
A device that provides electrical energy to the electrical storage device of the steering
system.
Example. Batteries, rechargeable energy storage systems (REESS), generators, fuel
cells, or combinations thereof.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Requirements for vehicles
4.1.1 The steering system design shall ensure ease and safety of steering operation
within the vehicle's maximum design speed range. When the steering system is in good
working order, it shall not exhibit abnormal vibrations during testing according to 5.2.1.
During testing according to 5.2.2, the vehicle shall have automatic self-centering
capability. Under the steering times and radii specified in Table 1, the steering control
force of the vehicle shall meet the requirements of Table 1.If the vehicle is equipped
with an auxiliary steering equipment, the requirements of Annex A shall also be met.
All circular motions listed in this document refer to motion along the steering circle.
c) If the vehicle reduces speed automatically, automatic deceleration is only
permitted at least 60 seconds after a fault is detected. The maximum deceleration
request shall not exceed 2 m/s². If the vehicle's longitudinal movement is
controlled by another system (e.g., automatic emergency braking/adaptive cruise
control), decelerations exceeding 2 m/s² and/or deceleration at an earlier point in
time are permitted.
4.3.3.5 The vehicle shall issue a warning signal when the energy storage level of the
energy reservoir is insufficient. This energy storage level shall be the worst-case
scenario described by the manufacturer in the relevant instructions submitted in Annex
B, taking into account the effects of temperature and aging on battery performance. The
energy storage level at the start of the tests described in 5.4.4, 5.4.5, and 5.4.6 shall be
the energy storage state at the time the driver receives the insufficient energy warning.
4.3.3.6 When energy transmission (or a portion thereof) shares the same energy source
or electrical supply with control transmission, the following requirements shall be met
if the alternative described in 4.3.3.3 is adopted.
a) When the energy source or electrical supply for control transmission fails, the
vehicle shall be able to enter the following state. During this period, the steering
control force shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
1) If the fault does not affect the braking system's ability to meet the service
braking performance specified in GB 21670 or GB 12676, the vehicle shall be
reduced to a speed not exceeding 10 km/h or reduced to a stop;
2) If the fault causes the braking system to fail to meet the service braking
performance specified in GB 21670 or GB 12676, the vehicle shall be
decelerated to a stop.
b) When the energy source or electrical supply for the control transmission fails
(except where the failure results in a loss of vehicle driving force), the system
shall reach the state specified in 4.3.3.6 a) before the energy level drops to the
point where the vehicle cannot complete the lane change operation specified in
4.3.3.6 c). The system shall utilize the remaining energy to extend the time before
reaching the state specified in 4.3.3.6 a) to the maximum extent possible, and the
manufacturer shall submit relevant instructions in accordance with Annex B.
c) In the event of a failure in the energy source or electrical supply of the control
transmission, the vehicle shall complete the prescribed number of consecutive
lane changes within 90 s at a speed of (20±2) km/h. 18 lane changes for M1 and
N1 category vehicles; and 9 lane changes for M2, M3, N2, and N3 category vehicles.
Lane changes shall be performed alternately to the left and right, with each lane
change involving a lateral displacement of at least 3 m. If the prescribed number
of lane changes cannot be completed according to the manufacturer's safety
concept, the remaining lane changes may be performed at a lower speed,
aforementioned warning signal shall illuminate. When the vehicle is stationary, if
the steering system confirms no failure or malfunction, the warning signal shall
extinguish. For certain specific faults or malfunctions that shall illuminate but are
not detected during static testing, this fault or malfunction information shall be
stored once detected. As long as the fault or malfunction persists, the
aforementioned warning signal shall remain displayed when the vehicle is in the
"ON" (e.g., RUN) position.
4.4.2.2 If the vehicle is equipped with the energy management system specified in
4.3.3.6 (h), an alarm signal shall be issued in accordance with the following
requirements.
a) When the performance of the electrical storage device fails to meet the
requirements of 4.3.3.6 c) due to effect of ageing, a yellow alarm signal as
specified in 4.4.2.1 shall be issued immediately, and the driver shall be provided
with information indicating that the electrical storage device requires
maintenance and inspection (e.g., additional alarm symbols, text prompts);
b) When the state of the electrical storage device does not meet the requirements of
4.3.3.6 c), a yellow alarm signal as specified in 4.4.2.1 shall be issued within 60
s. Furthermore, when the state of the electrical storage device is insufficient to
complete half of the lane-changing operations specified in 4.3.3.6 c), a red alarm
signal shall be issued.
4.4.3 Warning signal for trailer additional steering device
If the trailer's additional steering device is in operation and/or the steering angle
generated by the system does not return to its normal position, the steering system shall
issue a warning signal to the driver.
5 Test methods
5.1 Test conditions
5.1.1 The test shall be conducted on a level road surface with a coefficient of adhesion
of not less than 0.8.
5.1.2 During the test, the maximum permissible gross vehicle weight and the maximum
permissible axle load of the steering axle shall be the design maximum values. If the
axle is equipped with an ASE device, a second test shall be conducted with the vehicle
loaded to the maximum permissible gross vehicle weight and the ASE-equipped axle
loaded to the maximum permissible axle load.
5.1.3 Before the test, with the vehicle stationary, the tires shall be inflated to the
specified pressure corresponding to the axle load required in 5.1.2.
5.1.4 For any system that uses all or part of electrical energy, all performance tests shall
be conducted under actual or simulated electrical load conditions on all basic systems
or system components sharing the same energy supply equipment. Basic systems shall
include at least lighting, windshield wipers, engine management, and braking systems.
5.2 Vehicle test
5.2.1 Test for abnormal vibration when a vehicle leaves a steering circle
The steering system exhibits no abnormal vibration when the vehicle departs
tangentially from a circle with a radius of 50 m at the following speeds.
- M1 category vehicles. 50 km/h;
- M2, M3, N1, N2 and N3 category vehicles. 40 km/h. When the design maximum
speed is lower than 40 km/h, the design maximum speed shall prevail.
5.2.2 Test of vehicle steering self-centering ability
When the vehicle's steered wheels are turned to approximately half of the maximum
steering angle and the vehicle speed is not less than 10 km/h, releasing the input of
steering control equipment shall either cause the vehicle to maintain its original steering
radius trajectory or increase the steering radius.
5.2.3 Processing of glitch signals during vehicle steering control force
measurement
During the measurement of steering control force, the steering control force lasting less
than 0.2 s is not included in the calculation.
5.2.4 Measurement of steering control force when the vehicle steering system is in
good working order
The vehicle transitions from straight-line driving to turning at a speed of 10 km/h. The
steering control force is tested within the nominal radius of steering control for the
steering wheel. When the vehicle reaches the turning radius shown in Table 1, the
applied steering control force is measured within the specified turning time in Table 1
to determine if it meets the requirements of Table 1.The steering control force input is
recorded. The steering control force measurement is performed once on each side.
5.2.5 Measurement of steering control force when the vehicle steering system
malfunctions
The vehicle transitions from straight-line driving to turning at a speed of 10 km/h. The
steering control force of the steering wheel within the nominal radius of steering control
is tested. When the vehicle reaches the turning radius shown in Table 2, within the
turning time specified in Table 2, measure whether the applied steering control force
......
Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al.
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