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| Standard ID | GB 14023-2022 (GB14023-2022) | | Description (Translated English) | Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines -- Radio disturbance characteristics -- Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-board receivers | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | L06 | | Classification of International Standard | 33.100 | | Word Count Estimation | 46,497 | | Date of Issue | 2022-10-12 | | Date of Implementation | 2023-11-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 14023-2011 | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Administration | | Proposing organization | National Standardization Management Committee | | Issuing agency(ies) | State Administration for Market Regulation, National Standardization Management Committee | | Standard ID | GB 14023-2011 (GB14023-2011) | | Description (Translated English) | Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engine - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-board receivers | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | L06 | | Classification of International Standard | 33.100 | | Word Count Estimation | 42,493 | | Date of Issue | 2011-07-29 | | Date of Implementation | 2012-01-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 14023-2006 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 4365; GB/T 6113.101; GB/T 6113.103; GB/T 6113.104; GB/T 18655; CISPR 16-2-3-2006 | | Adopted Standard | IECCISPR 12-2009, IDT | | Drafting Organization | Shanghai Electrical Apparatus Research Institute | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee radio interference | | Regulation (derived from) | Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 12 of 2011 | | Proposing organization | Radio Interference National Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 79) | | Issuing agency(ies) | Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China | | Summary | This Chinese standard relates to residential use in broadcast receiver 30MHz ~ 1000MHz frequency range to provide protection. However, to meet the requirements of this standard can not from the vehicle, boat or device within 10m of the new living environment using radio transmitter or receiver to provide adequate protection. This standard applies may cause interference with radio reception sources of electromagnetic radiation. Such emission sources are: a) the internal combustion engine, electric drive or both drive vehicles (see 3. 1), b) the internal combustion engine, electric drive or both driven vessel (see Section 3. 2), the same measurement with the vehicle, unless this standard for their unique properties are clearly defined, c) is equipped with an internal combustion engine or a battery powered device (see 3. 3). Refer to Appendix G collapse flowchart to help determine the applicability of this standard. This standard does not apply to aircraft, household appliances, traction system (trains, trams and trolleybuses) and non- complete vehicles. For dual-mode trolleybus (eg either by AC/DC power -driven, and available internal combustion engine driven), internal combustion engine driven in part scope of this standard, and AC/DC power driver are not part of the standard category. This standard does not include a vehicle connected to the power supply, the charging of the electromagnetic disturbance measurements. Users can refer to this condition of the specified measurement methods and limits of relevant national standards. | | Standard ID | GB 14023-2006 (GB14023-2006) | | Description (Translated English) | Vehicles, boats, and internal combustion engine driven devices. Radio disturbance characteristics. Limits and method of measurement | | Sector / Industry | National Standard | | Classification of Chinese Standard | L06 | | Classification of International Standard | 33.100 | | Word Count Estimation | 41,414 | | Date of Issue | 2006-07-17 | | Date of Implementation | 2007-05-01 | | Older Standard (superseded by this standard) | GB 14023-2000 | | Quoted Standard | GB/T 4365; GB/T 6113.1-1995; GB 18655; GB 14023-2006 | | Adopted Standard | CISPR 12-2005, IDT | | Drafting Organization | Shanghai Electrical Apparatus Research Institute (Group) Co., Ltd. | | Administrative Organization | National Standardization Technical Committee on Radio Interference | | Regulation (derived from) | National Standard Approval Announcement 2006 No.9 (Total No.96); National Standard Approval Announcement 2011 No.12 | | Proposing organization | National Standardization Technical Committee on Radio Interference | | Issuing agency(ies) | Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China; Standardization Administration of China | | Summary | This standard applies may cause interference to radio reception broadband and narrowband sources of electromagnetic radiation. |
GB 14023-2022
GB
NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
ICS 33.100
CCS L 06
Replacing GB 14023-2011
Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines –
Radio Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods
of Measurement for the Protection of off-Board Receivers
(CISPR 12:2009, MOD)
ISSUED ON: OCTOBER 12, 2022
IMPLEMENTED ON: NOVEMBER 01, 2023
Issued by: State Administration for Market Regulation;
Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.
Table of Contents
Foreword ... 4
1 Scope ... 6
2 Normative References ... 7
3 Terms and Definitions ... 7
4 Limits of Disturbance ... 9
4.1 Determination of conformance of vehicle/boat/device with limits ... 9
4.2 Peak and quasi-peak detector limits ... 11
4.3 Average detector limit ... 12
5 Methods of Measurement ... 13
5.1 Measuring instrument ... 13
5.2 Measuring location requirements ... 15
5.3 Test object conditions ... 20
5.4 Data collection ... 22
6 Evaluation Method ... 22
6.1 General ... 22
6.2 Application of limit curves ... 22
6.3 Evaluation (general) ... 23
6.4 Type approval test ... 23
6.5 Surveillance (quality audit) of series production ... 24
6.6 Quick prototype check for development testing (optional, quasi-peak detector
emissions only) ... 24
Annex A (Normative) Statistical Analysis of the Results of Measurements ... 25
Annex B (Normative) Procedure to Determine an Alternative Emission Limit for
Measurements at 3m Antenna Distance ... 27
Annex C (Informative) Antenna and Transmission Line Maintenance and
Characterization ... 29
Annex D (Informative) Construction Features of Motor Vehicles Affecting the
Emission of Ignition Noise ... 35
Annex E (Informative) Measurement of the Insertion Loss of Ignition Noise
Suppressors ... 37
Annex F (Informative) Methods of Measurement to Determine the Attenuation
Characteristics of Ignition Noise Suppressors for High Voltage Ignition Systems ... 42
Annex G (Informative) Flow Chart for Checking the Applicability of GB 14023 ... 51
Annex H (Normative) Exemption Conditions for On-Board Intentional Transmitting
Equipment in Electromagnetic Compatibility Test ... 53
Bibliography ... 56
Foreword
All technical contents of this Document are mandatory.
This Document was drafted as per the rules specified in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for
Standardization – Part 1: Rules for the Structure and Drafting of Standardizing Documents.
This Document replaced GB 14023-2011 Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engine -
Radio Disturbance Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection of
off-Board Receivers. Compared with GB 14023-2011, the major technical changes of this
Document area as follows besides the structural adjustment and editorial modifications:
--- Update the normative references (see Clause 2 of this Edition; Clause 2 of 2011 Edition);
--- Add the normative Annex H “Exemption Conditions for on-Board Intentional
Transmitting Equipment in Electromagnetic Compatibility Test” (see Annex H of this
Edition).
This Document used redrafting method to modify and adopt CISPR 12:2009 Vehicles, Boats
and Internal Combustion Engines – Radio Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods
of Measurement for the Protection of off-Board Receivers. The Technical differences and causes
with CISPR 12:2009 are as follows:
--- Regarding the normative references, this Document has made adjustments with technical
differences to adapt to the technical conditions of China. The adjustments are reflected
in Clause 2 "Normative References". The specific adjustments are as follows.
Use GB/T 4365-2003 that equivalently adopts international standard to replace IEC
60050-161;
Use GB/T 6113.101-2016 that equivalently adopts international standard to replace
CISPR 16-1-1:2006;
Use GB/T 6113.104-2016 that equivalently adopts international standard to replace
CISPR 16-1-4:2007;
Use GB/T 6113.203-2020 that equivalently adopts international standard to replace
CISPR 16-2-3:2006;
Use GB/T 18655-2018 that modifies and adopts international standard to replace
CISPR 25.
--- Taking into account the practicability of national standards, delete the contents of Annex
H "Continuously Working Items" of international standards (see CISPR 12:2009).
--- Add normative Annex H “Exemption Conditions for on-Board Intentional Transmitting
Equipment in Electromagnetic Compatibility Test” (see Annex H).
The following editorial modifications are made to this Document:
--- In order to facilitate the understanding of the judgment problems caused by the
differences between the different methods of the 3m distance and the 10m distance, add
footnotes;
--- Integrate the references of international standards distributed at the end of each Clause
or appendix into "Bibliography" in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 1.1-2020.
Please note some contents of this Document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this
Document may assume the responsibility to identify these patents.
This Document was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of Standardization Administration
of China.
The historical editions replaced by this Document are as follows:
--- GB 14023-1992 was first-time published in 1992; first-time revised in 2000; second-time
revised in 2006; and third-time revised in 2011;
--- It is the fourth-time revised hereby.
Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines –
Radio Disturbance Characteristics – Limits and Methods
of Measurement for the Protection of off-Board Receivers
1 Scope
The limits in this Document are designed to provide protection for broadcast receivers in the
frequency range of 30 MHz ~ 1 000 MHz when used in the residential environment.
Compliance with this standard may not provide adequate protection for new types of radio
transmissions or receivers used in the residential environment nearer than 10 m to the vehicle,
boat or device.
NOTE 1: Experience has shown that compliance with this standard may provide satisfactory protection
for receivers of other types of transmissions when used in the residential environment, including radio
transmissions in frequency ranges other than that specified.
This Document applies to the emission of electromagnetic energy which may cause interference
to radio reception.
This type of emission is as follows:
a) vehicles propelled by an internal combustion engine, electrical means or both (see 3.1);
b) boats propelled by an internal combustion engine, electrical means or both (see 3.2).
Boats are to be tested in the same manner as vehicles except where they have unique
characteristics as explicitly stated in this standard;
c) devices equipped with internal combustion engines or traction batteries (see 3.3).
See Annex G for a flow chart to help determine the applicability of this Document.
This standard does not apply to aircrafts, household appliances, traction systems (railway,
tramway and electric trolley bus), or to incomplete vehicles. In the case of a dual-mode trolley
bus (e.g., propelled by power from either A.C./D.C. mains or an internal combustion engine),
the internal combustion propulsion system shall be included, but the A.C./D.C. mains portion
of the vehicle propulsion system shall be excluded from this standard.
NOTE 2: Protection of receivers used on board can refer to GB/T 18655-2018.
The measurement of electromagnetic disturbances while the vehicle is connected to power
mains for charging is not covered in this Document. The user is referred to appropriate national
standards which define measurement techniques and limits for this condition.
2 Normative References
The provisions in following documents become the essential provisions of this Document
through reference in this Document. For the dated documents, only the versions with the dates
indicated are applicable to this Document; for the undated documents, only the latest version
(including all the amendments) is applicable to this Document.
GB/T 4365-2003 Electrotechnical Terminology - Electromagnetic Compatibility (IEC
60050-161:1990, IDT)
GB/T 6113.101-2016 Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring
Apparatus and Methods of Measurement - Part 1-1: Radio Disturbance and Immunity
Measuring Apparatus - Measuring Equipment (CISPR 16-1-1:2010, IDT)
GB/T 6113.103-2021 Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring
Apparatus and Methods of Measurement - Part 1-3: Radio Disturbance and Immunity
Measuring Apparatus - Ancillary Equipment - Disturbances Power (CISPR 16-1-3:2016,
IDT)
GB/T 6113.104-2016 Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring
Apparatus and Methods of Measurement - Part 1-4: Radio Disturbance and Immunity
Measuring Apparatus - Radiated Disturbance Measuring Antenna and Test Site (CISPR
16-1-4:2012, IDT)
GB/T 6113.203-2020 Specification for Radio Disturbance and Immunity Measuring
Apparatus and Methods - Part 2-3: Methods of Measurement of Disturbances and
Immunity - Radiated Disturbance Measurements (CISPR 16-2-3:2016, IDT)
GB/T 18655-2018 Vehicles, Boats and Internal Combustion Engines - Radio Disturbance
Characteristics - Limits and Methods of Measurement for the Protection of On-Board
Receivers (CISPR 25:2016, MOD)
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 4365-2003 and the
following apply.
3.1 Vehicle
Machine operating on land which is intended to carry persons or goods.
NOTE: Vehicles include, but are not limited to, cars, trucks, buses, mopeds, agricultural machinery,
......
GB 14023-2011
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engine - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of off-board receivers
ICS 33.100
L06
National Standards of People's Republic of China
Replacing GB 14023-2006
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics
Limits and methods of measurement for receiver protection vehicle
Vehicles, boatsandinternalcombustionengine-
(IEC /CISPR12.2009, IDT)
Issued on. 2011-07-29
2012-01-01 implementation
Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China
Standardization Administration of China released
Table of Contents
Introduction Ⅲ
1 Scope 1
2 Normative references 1
3 Terms and definitions 2
3 4 disturbance limits
4.1 determine the compliance of the vehicle/boat/device 3 in accordance with the limits
4.2 peak and quasi-peak detector limits 5
4.3 average detector limits 5
5 Measurement 6
5.1 Measuring Instruments 6
5.2 Measurement site requirements 8
5.3 Test conditions 11
5.4 Data Collection 13
13 6 Evaluation Method
6.1 General 13
6.2 Application limit line 13
6.3 Assessment (General) 13
6.4 Type Approval Test 13
6.5 bulk product supervision and inspection (quality supervision) 14
6.6 R & D prototype rapid test (optional, only for emission measurements quasi-peak detector) 14
Appendix A (normative) statistical analysis of measurement results 15
Appendix B (normative) at a distance of 3m antenna alternative emission limits determined measurement procedure 17.00
Annex C (informative) antenna and feeder maintenance and calibration of 18
Structural features Appendix D (informative) Effect of ignition noise emitted by motor vehicles 22
Annex E (informative) ignition noise suppressor insertion loss measurement 23
Measurement methods Annex F (informative) determined that the ignition voltage ignition system noise suppressor attenuation characteristics 28
Annex G (informative) checking the suitability of a flowchart 36 GB 14023
1 decision diagram flowchart of a method of compliance 4
Figure 2 antenna measured at a distance of 10m harassment limits (peak and the quasi-peak detector) 5
Figure 3 antenna measured at a distance of 10m disturbance limits (average detector) 6
Measurement Site Map 4 vehicles and apparatus (outdoor test site) 8
5 ship to survey the site (outdoor test site) 9
6 measuring radiated disturbances vertically polarized antenna position --- 10
Measuring 7 radiated disturbances position --- horizontally polarized antenna 11
Figure B.1 maximum antenna angle determined 17
Figure B.2 a gain reduction calculations 17
Figure C.1 determine alternative antenna coefficient (measured at a distance 10m) 21
Figure E.1 test circuit 24
Figure E.2 general arrangement chamber 25
Figure E.3 Test lid detail 25
Figure E.4 chamber 26 Detailing
Figure E.5 straight type spark ignition noise suppressor (shielded or unshielded) 26
Figure E.6 right angle spark ignition noise suppressor (shielded or unshielded) 26
Figure E.7 noise suppression spark plug 26
Figure E.8 resistive distributor brush 26
Figure E.9 noise suppressor 27 points inside the distributor cap
Figure E.10 noise suppression distributor rotor 27
Figure E.11 noise suppression ignition cable (resistive or reactive) 27
Figure F.1 measuring arrangement (side view) 29
Figure F.2 measuring arrangement (plan view) 30
Figure F.3 ventilation pressure chamber 31
Figure F.4 distributor type ignition noise suppressor rectangular arrangement (plan view) 32
Figure F.5 voltage ignition member 33 is arranged
Figure F.6 distributor rotor measuring arrangement (plan view) 34
Figure F.7 damper ignition cable assembly 35 a side view of the test arrangement
Table 1 Spectrum analyzer parameters 6
Table 7 Parameter 2 scanning receiver
Table 3 speed engine operation 12
Table A.1 statistical factor of 15
Table A.2 Example 15 sub-bands
28 Table F.1 Limits
Foreword
6.6 In addition to this standard are recommended, the rest are mandatory.
This standard is identical with the International Special Committee on Radio Interference publication IEC /CISPR12.2009 "Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines without
Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of the outside receiver "(Version 6.1). Taking into account the usefulness of national standards, deleted
Content Appendix H "duration of the project," the.
This standard is GB 14023-2006 "Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engine driven devices - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and square
Amendment Act ".
This standard applies to the frequency range of 30MHz ~ 1000MHz.
Changes in this major technical standard GB 14023-2006 made as follows.
a) the name of the standard "vehicles, boats and means of radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement by the internal combustion engine-driven" to "car
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement for the protection of "outside the car receiver.
b) Add 3.6 "outdoor test site (OTS)" and 3.16 "battery" is defined.
c) no longer follow the original standard test method, this standard requires the use of a peak, quasi-peak and average detector test vehicle for two cases
Measurement, namely "the power and the engine is not running (KeyOn, Engine-0ff)" and the "engine running (Engine-Run-
ning) ". At the same time, changes to the compliance determination flowchart.
d) 4.2 "peak and quasi-peak detector limits" to replace the original "Broadband emission" limit.
e) 4.3 "average detector limits" instead of the original "narrow-band emission 'limits.
f) set new spectrum analyzers and scanning receiver parameters.
g) In the description of the antenna, remove unused frequency band of the standard 0.15MHz ~ 30MHz reference antenna.
h) in Appendix A, sub-band frequency range of examples to 30MHz ~ 1000MHz.
Equivalent capacitance for - i) B "whip antenna (monopole antenna) performance equations and whip antenna matching characteristics of the amplifier to delete the original standard appendix
Behalf of the law. "
j) amend Appendix G for determining the applicability of the standard flow chart.
This standard replaces GB 14023-2006 "Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engine driven devices - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement."
This standard by the National Standardization Technical Committee on Radio Interference (SAC/TC79) and focal points.
This standard is drafted by. Shanghai Electric Apparatus Research Institute, China Automotive Technology and Research Center.
Participated in the drafting of this standard. Shanghai Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd., Shanghai Motor Vehicle Inspection Center.
The main drafters of this standard. Shou Jian Xia Xu, Liu Yuan, Zhang Jun, Yang, Liu Xinliang, pipe Jun, Zheng Junqi, Yeqiong Yu, Liu Xin, Xing Lin.
This standard replaces the previous standard release case. GB 14023-1992, GB 14023-2000, GB 14023-2006.
Vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics
Limits and methods of measurement for receiver protection vehicle
1 Scope
This standard specifies limits on the broadcast receiver for use in residential environments mentioned in the 30MHz ~ 1000MHz frequency range
For protection. But can not meet the requirements of this standard on the new radio transmitter from the vehicle, boat or device within 10m of living environments
Radio receiver or provide sufficient protection.
Note 1. Experience has shown that. comply with this standard may be used in the living environment other emission types (including radio transmitter outside the specified frequency range) access
Receiver to provide satisfactory protection.
This standard applies to radio reception may cause interference sources of electromagnetic radiation.
Such emission sources are.
a) driven by an internal combustion engine, electric drive vehicles, or both (see 3.1);
b) driven by an internal combustion engine, electric or both driven vessel (see 3.2), the same measurement with the vehicle, unless it in this standard
Their unique properties are clearly defined;
c) an internal combustion engine equipped with the device or battery power (see 3.3).
Reference to the flowchart in Appendix G to help determine the applicability of this standard.
This standard does not apply to aircraft, household appliances, traction system (trains, trams and trolleybuses) and non-complete vehicles. For two
Trolleybus mode (for example, either with AC/DC power source, the internal combustion engine and the available drive), internal combustion engine driven in part, of the standard range
Domains, and AC/DC power supply driving portion is not within the standard category.
Note 2. The protection of the onboard receiver, see GB/T 18655.
Vehicle connected to the measuring electromagnetic disturbance on a charge when the power is not included in this standard. Users can refer to this situation to provide for
Relevant national standard measurement methods and limits.
2 Normative references
The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein
Member. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document.
GB/T 4365 Electrotechnical terminology Electromagnetic compatibility (IEC 60050 (161).1990, IDT)
GB/T 6113.101 radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1-1. Radio disturbance and anti-
Interference measuring equipment measuring equipment (CISPR16-1-1.2006, IDT)
GB/T 6113.103 radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1-3. Radio disturbance and anti-
Disturbance of disturbance power auxiliary equipment (CISPR16-1-3.2004, IDT)
GB/T 6113.104 radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 1-4. Radio disturbance and anti-
Interference measuring equipment radiation harassment (CISPR16-1-4.2005, IDT)
GB/T 18655 vehicles, boats and internal combustion engines - Radio disturbance characteristics for the protection of the onboard receiver limits and methods of measurement
(IEC /CISPR25.1995, IDT)
CISPR16-2-3.2006 radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 2-3. disturbance and immunity
Measurement methods radiated disturbance measurements (Specificationforradiodisturbanceandimmunity measuring
apparatusandmethods-Part 2-3. Methodsofmeasurementofdisturbancesandimmunity-Radiated
disturbancemeasurements)
3 Terms and Definitions
GB/T 4365 defined by the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Vehicle vehicle
Work on land or manned cargo machinery.
Note. vehicles, including (but not limited to) passenger cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, material handling equipment, mining equipment, vehicles and ground handling
Snow vehicles.
3.2
Boat boat
Traveling on the water, no longer than 15m vessels.
3.3
Apparatus device
Driven by internal combustion engines, mainly used for passenger or cargo is not mechanical.
Note. The device includes (but not limited to) chain saws, irrigation pumps, snow machines, air compressors, push floor processor (walkbehindfloortreatmentma-
chines) and garden equipment.
3.4
Pulse ignition noise impulsiveignitionnoise
By a vehicle, boat or ignition system generated within the device main undesirable electromagnetic pulse emission properties.
3.5
Ignition noise suppressor ignitionnoisesuppressor
High voltage ignition circuit to limit the portion of the pulse ignition noise emission.
3.6
Outdoor test site outdoortestsite; OTS
Similar to the GB/T 6113 provisions in the open test site, but do not require ground plane, and different sizes.
Note. This standard provides specific requirements.
3.7
Resistive distributor brush resistivedistributorbrush
Mounted ignition distributor cap resistive brush.
3.8
Frequencysub-band sub-band
For statistical evaluation of experimental data measured by the sweep, while 30MHz ~ 1000MHz frequency range of a specified period of the spectrum.
3.9
Typical frequency representativefrequency
A sub-band for the specified frequency and limits for comparison (only for 6.4 and 6.5 and Appendix A).
3.10
Feature level characteristiclevel
Leading emission level in each sub-band of. Feature level in the two directions of polarization and antenna in a vehicle, boat or device
The maximum measured value of all the provisions of the azimuth measurements obtained (known environmental signals do not feature as part of the level).
3.11
Tracking Generator trackinggenerator
Frequency locked to the frequency of the measuring instrument receives the test signal (continuous wave) generator.
3.12
RF disturbance power RFdisturbancepower
Absorbing clamp current transformers and radio frequency meter measured RF power. As RF disturbance voltage measurements, it also by peak
Value or quasi-peak measurement mode.
3.13
Spark discharge sparkdischarge
The standard refers to the spark discharge energy stored in the ignition coil to form an arc in the measurement of the release of the spark plug electrodes.
3.14
Damping high-voltage ignition cable resistivehigh-voltage (HV) ignitioncable
Having a high damping (attenuation) wire ignition cable.
3.15
Living environment residentialenvironment
Having a ring 10m and protected from the public low-voltage grid system or a battery as a power source between the harassment and the radio receiving point
Habitat place.
Note. For example, apartments, private homes, entertainment venues, theaters, schools, streets and the like.
3.16
Power Battery tractionbatteries
Power for driving the electric vehicle battery.
4 disturbance limits
4.1 determine the compliance of the vehicle/boat/device based limits
30MHz ~ 1000MHz frequency range, the vehicle/boat/device shall conform to the following two conditions.
--- The average value, mode of the vehicle/boat/device. "The power and the engine is not running (Key-On, Engine-Of)" (see 5.3.2.1),
--- Mode peak or quasi-peak limits, vehicle/boat/device. "The engine is running (Engine-Running)" (see 5.3.2.2)
Limits given in this standard takes into account the uncertainty.
Figure provides a method of determining compliance 1.
Since a peak detector measurement value is always greater than or equal to the quasi-peak and average detector measured data, and the peak limits applicable is always higher than or equal to
Quasi-peak and average limits. Single detector test measuring method enables simplified, and accelerate the progress of the test.
b The flowchart applies to each individual test frequencies, for example, only a few points need to exceed the limit of frequency respectively quasi-peak detector and the average detector
Re-measurement.
Figure 1 flowchart of a method of determining compliance with
4.2 peak and quasi-peak detector limits
When measuring 10m antenna distance, use peak or quasi-peak detector measuring the emission limits in Figure 2 tables and curves. measuring
, Only you need to select a bandwidth of 2 in FIG. In order to more accurately determine the limits, the limits given by the formulas in Figure 2 should be used. If the measurement
A distance of 3m, the limit should be increased 10dB. 1)
1) When using different detector models and measuring the distance, if the measurement result of conflict, the provisions of this standard to the quasi-peak detector and 10m measuring distance
Measurement results shall prevail.
Limit LBW [dB (μV/m)] --- bandwidth detector and frequency f (MHz) function
Note 1. provided with driving motor vehicles, see 5.3.2.
Note 2. The peak measurement, see 5.4.
Note 3. An accumulation of empirical data, the correction coefficient between 120kHz bandwidth and a quasi-peak and peak measurements is 20dB.
Figure 2 antenna measured at a distance of 10m harassment limits (peak and the quasi-peak detector)
4.3 average detector limits
Antenna measurement distance of 10m, using the average detector measurement of emission limits shown in Figure 3. It does not contain more than the operating frequency of 9kHz
Electronic oscillator vehicle/boat/device may be regarded as the average meet the requirements without the need for the average detector test. In line with GB/T 18655
The average vehicle emission requirements/boat/device provisions of Chapter 5, is also considered to meet the requirements of the average of the limits specified in this section, no longer into
Step measurement.
If the antenna measurement distance is 3m, the limit should be increased 10dB.
Appendix D CISPR16-2-3 explained CISPR average detector and comply CISPR16-1.1999 average value detector
the difference. Both detectors can be used in this standard, as pulse repetition rate of the internal combustion engine is higher than 10Hz.
Note. For a 6.4 type certification tests, you can use an alternative method, this alternative method is based on standards of other countries, can be adjusted on the details. This
An alternative type approval test for the receiver can be installed by car/boat/device. If the average value according to GB/T 18655 Test Method for Vehicle
Detector to measure the transmitted signal strength of the car/boat/radio antenna installed on the device is lower than in the 76MHz ~ 108MHz frequency range
20dB (μV) (10μV), the car/boat/device can be considered in line with the average radiation emission limits without the need for further measurements.
Figure 3 antenna measured at a distance of 10m disturbance limits (average detector)
5 measurement method
5.1 Measuring Instruments
Measuring instruments shall comply with GB/T 6113.101 requirements, manual or automatic frequency scanning may be used.
Note. Spectrum analyzers and scanning receiver is particularly suitable for disturbance measurements. For peak detector the same bandwidth, spectrum analyzers and scanning receivers squarewave
Peak type shown greater than quasi-peak. Since the peak detector faster than the quasi-peak detector scanning speed, so emission measurement using a peak detection easier.
When using the quasi-peak limit, in order to improve efficiency may also be measured using a peak detector. Any of the peak value is equal to or exceeds the test
When the test limit, the quasi-peak detector remeasured.
5.1.1 Spectrum Analyzer parameters
Shall be in accordance with CISPR frequency band and detection methods used to adjust the scanning speed of the spectrum analyzer. The maximum scan rate shall comply with the
CISPR16-2-3 requirements.
Select the appropriate spectrum analyzer bandwidth, so that the noise floor is lower than the limit of at least 6dB.
NOTE. In order to achieve 6dB below the limit of noise floor requirements, you can use the preamplifier between the antenna and spectrum analyzer.
Recommended scanning time and bandwidth are shown in Table 1 below.
Table 1 Spectrum analyzer parameters
Frequency Range
MHz
Peak detector quasi-peak detector average detector
RBWa BWb scan time Scan time Scan time RBWa
30 ~ 1000 100kHz/120kHz 100ms/MHz 120kHz 20s/MHz 100kHz/120kHz 100ms/MHz
aRBW defined -3dB.
bBW defined -6dB.
If a peak measured with a spectrum analyzer, the video bandwidth of at least the resolution bandwidth (RBW) three times.
5.1.2 Scanning receiver parameters
Shall be in accordance with CISPR frequency band and detection methods used to adjust the dwell time adjusting scanning receiver. The minimum dwell time should be in accordance with
According CISPR16-2-3 requirements.
Bandwidth should be selected scanning receiver noise floor of the instrument at least lower than the limit of 6dB.
NOTE. In order to achieve the requirements of 6dB background noise, you can use the preamplifier between the antenna and scanning receiver.
Recommended dwell time, maximum step size and bandwidth are listed in Table 2.
Scanning receiver parameters in Table 2
Frequency Range
MHz
Peak detector quasi-peak detector average detector
Bandwidth step a
Resident
time
Bandwidth step a
Resident
time
Bandwidth step a
Resident
time
30 ~ 1000 120kHz 50kHz 5ms 120kHz 50kHz 1s 120kHz 50kHz 5ms
For a pure broadband harassment, the largest sweep step size can be increased to a value not greater than bandwidth.
5.1.3 Antenna Type
5.1.3.1 reference antenna
The antenna is a balanced dipole antenna see GB/T 6113.104, the use of free-space antenna factor. 80MHz or higher frequency
When the length of the antenna should be resonant length; at frequencies below 80MHz, the antenna length should be equal to the resonant length of 80MHz. Use a
The right balance - and feeder balun matches.
5.1.3.2 Broadband Antenna
As long as normalized to the reference antenna, linearly polarized receive antenna of any may be used.
When using automatic scanning measurement receiving system is measured shall be broadband antenna. If the field width measuring actual test environment
Measurement (covered in this standard audio output with an antenna can be normalized to the reference antenna output, this can be used to transmit wideband antenna level
Within the spectral range).
When using broadband antennas should meet GB/T 6113.104 composite antenna requirements. Factors to consider include.
a) the effective aperture of the antenna, the response including its polarization (horizontal and vertical planes);
b) phase center versus frequency affect movement;
c) Effect of surface reflection characteristics (including the possibility of special frequencies, such as vertical polarization of about 500MHz and 900MHz of water
Horizontally polarized electromagnetic waves generated by multipath reflection).
Replace the antenna characteristics listed in Appendix C.
5.1.4 Accuracy
In the case of not including emission source and measurement site, measurement system consists of an antenna, feeder and measuring instruments consisting of at 30MHz ~
Within 1000MHz frequency range, accuracy field strength measurement is ± 3dB. See GB/T 6113.104 of Chapter 4. Frequency accuracy
Degree should be better than ± 1%.
Note 1. To ensure that the measurement requirements of this standard is within the specified tolerance range, it should consider all relevant characteristics measuring device (such as frequency and amplitude
Stability, image rejection, cross-modulation, overload level, selectivity, time constant signal to noise ratio), as well as those of the antenna and feeder influential characteristics.
Note 2. In the range of 30MHz ~ 1000MHz measured deviations in the electric field measurement is reasonable (see C.13), these deviations are caused by ground conductivity
Changes and other factors affecting the rate of repetitive generated.
5.2 Measurement site requirements
5.2.1 outdoor test site (OTS) requirements
5.2.1.1 test site for outdoor vehicles and devices
The test site shall be a midpoint between the vehicle or device and measuring antenna as the center, the minimum radius of the circular area of 30m
No electromagnetic wave reflector within the open space. Special circumstances, measurement equipment, measuring shed or vehicles equipped with measuring equipment can be placed in the test
The venue, but only in Figure 4 within the cross-hatched area marked allowed.
NOTE. In 5.2.1.1 and Figure 4 is a predetermined site requirements GB/T 6113.104 applies to the case of a large car.
For the length and width of less than 2m vehicles and equipment, the size can be shown in GB/T 6113.104 Fig. 2 or 3 outdoors
Measured on a test site (OTS).
5.2.1.2 outdoor test site for boat
The test site should be a test of the engine and measure the midpoint between the antennas of a circle, a minimum radius of 30m in a circular area
No reflection of electromagnetic waves in the open space thereof. Also on the device. See 5.2.1.2.1 and 5.2.1.2.2 of the regulations. Special case
, The measuring device can be placed within the test site, but only in Figure 5 in the cross-hatched area marked allowed. Measuring equipment can be placed
Test shed within the test site, vehicle or vessel within the non-metallic.
Boat or sold separately tested marine engine/electric motor should be tested in the field of the measurement diagram shown in saltwater or freshwater.
Note. In accordance with the provisions of 5.2.3.2 and 5.2.3.4, the size can be changed to 10.0m ± 0.2m 3.00m ± 0.05m.
Figure 4 measuring sites (outdoor test site) vehicles and means
5.2.1.2.1 measuring device located on the land
When the measuring device is located on land, in the test vehicle inside the shed or measuring equipment may be located within the test site, but only placed in
Within the permitted area, as shown in Figure 5, cross-hatching.
5.2.1.2.2 located in the water measuring equipment
Measuring equipment should be installed in the ship can be located in a non-metallic or non-metallic test site within the test device, but only in the permitted area
Domain, as shown in cross-hatching.
5.2.1.3 Environmental Requirements
In order to ensure that no extraneous noise or signal enough to affect the measured value, should be followed and measured prior to measurement, vehicle, boat or device does not
State operation of the measuring ambient noise. These two measured ambient noise level should be at least lower than the provisions of Chapter 4 of disturbance limits 6dB,
It intends to launch, except carrier. When the assessment made in accordance with Chapter 6, exceeding any emission limits will need to check to make sure that those who do not belong to exclude
Vehicle/boat/device outside noise or signal.
Note. For more detailed instructions, see GB/T 6113.104 5.4.
5 ship to survey the site (outdoor test site)
5.2.2 absorbing materials containing shielded room (ALSE) requirements
5.2.2.1 Correlation
If the measurement is equipped with absorbing material and shielded room outdoor test site requirements 5.2.1 (OTS) with the measured results
Relevant, you can use the shielded room is equipped with absorbing material.
NOTE. Such a test chamber, because of its stable electrical properties, there is an all-weather test, reproducible and controllable environmental advantages.
5.2.2.2 Environmental Requirements
Ambient noise level should be at least lower than the provisions of Chapter 4 of disturbance limits 6dB. Ambient noise level must periodically verify or test results
If the show were to verify the possibility of a nonconformance.
5.2.3 Antenna requirements
In each of the frequency measurement (including start and end frequencies), respectively, shall be horizontal polarization and vertical polarization measurements (see Fig. 6, FIG. 7).
Electrical coupling between the antenna element and the a......
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