NB/T 42081-2016 English PDFUS$329.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 3 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. NB/T 42081-2016: Vanadium flow battery-Test Method for single cell performance Status: Valid
Basic dataStandard ID: NB/T 42081-2016 (NB/T42081-2016)Description (Translated English): Vanadium flow battery-Test Method for single cell performance Sector / Industry: Energy Industry Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: K82 Classification of International Standard: 27.070 Word Count Estimation: 14,136 Date of Issue: 2016-08-16 Date of Implementation: 2016-12-01 Regulation (derived from): National Bureau of Energy Bulletin No.2016 No.6; Industry Standard Record No.2016 No.10 (Total No.202) Issuing agency(ies): National Energy Administration NB/T 42081-2016: Vanadium flow battery-Test Method for single cell performance---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.Vanadium flow battery-Test Method for single cell performance NB 10mm 23.5mm ICS 27.070 K 82 Record number. 55690-2016 Energy Industry Standards of the People's Republic of China Test method for single cell performance of vanadium redox flow battery Released on.2016-08-16 2016-12-01 implementation Issued by National Energy Administration 40mm 182mm 12mm Table of contentsForeword... II 1 Scope... 1 2 Normative reference documents... 1 3 Terms and Definitions... 1 Co., Ltd., Electronic Engineering Research Institute of China Academy of Engineering Physics, Pangang Group Research Institute Co., Ltd., etc. The main drafters of this standard. Zhang Huamin, Zheng Qiong, Zhong Hexiang, Wang Xiaoli, Li Ying, Tian Chaohe, Liu Shufen. Participating drafters of this standard. Lai Xiaokang, Shi Xiaohu, Yan Chuanwei, Luo Xin, Li Aikui, Wu Xiongwei, Wu Xuewen, Liu Xiaojiang, Li Xiaobing, Peng Sui. This standard is formulated for the first time. Test method for single cell performance of vanadium redox flow battery1 ScopeThis standard specifies the general requirements for the performance test methods of all vanadium redox flow battery cells (referred to as "cells"), cell composition, cell Battery assembly, equipment and instruments, test preparation and performance test methods, etc. This standard applies to the performance test of all vanadium redox flow batteries.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 29840-2013 Terminology for all vanadium redox flow batteries3 Terms and definitionsThe following terms and definitions defined in GB/T 29840-2013 apply to this document. For ease of use, the following is repeated Some terms and definitions in GB/T 29840-2013. 3.1 Ohmic polarization resistance The sum of the internal resistance of a single cell caused by electron and ion resistance, in ohms (Ω). 3.2 Single cell The basic unit of the all-vanadium redox flow battery is mainly composed of a set of positive and negative electrodes and an ion conductive membrane that separates the electrodes. [GB/T 29840-2013 Terms and Definition 2.21.1] 3.3 Electrochemical polarization resistance The resistance of the electrochemical reaction in a single cell, in ohms (Ω). The electrochemical polarization resistance is related to the electrode activity, structure and operating conditions of the single cell. 3.4 Concentration polarization resistance The resistance caused by the liquid phase mass transfer process from the electrolytic liquid phase to the electrode surface, in ohms (Ω).4 General requirementsTest environment conditions. --Temperature. 25℃±5℃; --Air humidity. 5%～95%. For tests that have special requirements for environmental conditions, the test environmental conditions shall be negotiated and determined by both parties.5 Single cell composition5.1 Overview A single cell should contain all or part of the following components. a) 1 piece of ion conducting membrane; b) 2 electrodes; c) 2 electrode frames; d) 2 bipolar plates; e) 2 collector plates; f) Two end plates with liquid inlet and outlet; g) Seals, the sealing materials connecting the above components; h) Fasteners, such as bolts, springs, washers, etc.; i) Other auxiliary parts. The composition of the single cell is shown in Figure 1. 5.2 Electrode size It is recommended that the electrode area is not less than 50cm2.6 Single battery assemblySome specific processes in the following assembly operations should be documented. a) Positioning of ion conducting membrane; b) Electrode positioning; c) Positioning of collector plate; d) Bipolar plate positioning; e) Seal/seal installation; f) Positioning of fixing devices or assembly jigs; g) The assembly process is based on relevant regulations, such as electrode material compression rate, bolt tightening sequence, compression spring and final The torque requirements. After assembly, check the battery for internal and external leakage according to the method described in 8.3 of this standard.7 Equipment and instruments7.1 Equipment and functions Realize the monitoring and management of the test parameters of this standard through the single battery test bench. The single battery test bench shall include the following equipment and functions. a) Electrolyte flow monitoring equipment to realize the testing, adjustment and control of electrolyte flow; recommended volume flow meter and mass flow meter Or flow meters such as turbine type flow meters. The flow meters should be made of acid-resistant materials. b) Electrolyte delivery equipment, which can transport electrolyte from storage tank to battery; recommended magnetic pump, which should be able to meet the requirements of single battery test The electrolyte flow rate; the magnetic pump and its joints should be made of acid and corrosion resistant materials, and the recommended materials are PVC and PTFE. c) The charging and discharging control equipment is loaded with the current set by the single battery; the charging and discharging process should be in constant current mode and constant current mode. Operation in pressure mode. It is recommended to use constant current charge and discharge mode. d) Monitoring and data acquisition equipment to realize the measurement and recording of single battery voltage and current. e) Negative electrolyte protection, to realize the sealing of the negative electrolyte of a single cell, and inert gas protection is recommended. f) Resistance test equipment, to realize the measurement of single cell ohmic polarization resistance, electrochemical polarization resistance and concentration polarization resistance; measurement The positive and negative terminals of the device should be connected to the output terminals of the positive and negative current collector plates of the single battery respectively. The recommended method is electrochemical Impedance spectroscopy or current interruption method, see Appendix A for specific measurement methods. 7.2 Instrument accuracy The instruments and appliances used in the test and their accuracy requirements are as follows. --Charge and discharge tester. used to measure the voltage and current of a single battery, the voltage accuracy is at least 0.1 grade, and the current accuracy is at least 0.1 grade; --Measurement ruler. used to measure the length and width of the sample, with an accuracy of at least 0.1mm; --Flowmeter. used to measure the flow of electrolyte, the accuracy of the flow is ±1.5% of full scale. The measuring instrument should be selected according to the measurement value range, and the measuring instrument should be calibrated and regularly calibrated according to the specified requirements.8 Test preparation8.1 Basic information of single battery See Appendix B for the basic information of the single battery to be tested. 8.2 Test requirements Either a single sample can be tested sequentially, or multiple samples can be tested simultaneously. The test should be performed continuously. 8.3 Air tightness check All materials used for internal and external leakage inspection of single cells should match the pipeline and battery components. After the single battery is installed on the test bench, Use inert gas to check the air tightness of single cells, pipelines, and test benches. Pass inert gas (nitrogen or helium) into the passage equipped with pressure reducing valve, pressure sensor, ball valve and gas flow meter. Enter the positive (negative) inlet of the single cell, and the positive (negative) outlet of the single cell is closed. When pressure is applied to the pipeline to 0.05MPa, Start the test and continue for more than 1h to observe the drop of the pressure monitoring value; and at all interfaces, all pipe connections and components Coat the joints with leakage detection liquid to detect gas leakage. 8.4 Electrolyte Cathode electrolyte. a solution containing 1.5mol/L VO2 and 3mol/L H2SO4. Anode electrolyte. a solution containing 1.5mol/L V3 and 3mol/L H2SO4. Note 1.The electrolyte concentration of the positive and negative electrodes can be determined through negotiation between the supplier and the buyer. It should be ensured that the molar ratio of the positive electrode VO2 /VO2 and the negative electrode V2 /V3 are equal and positive and negative The volume of the electrode electrolyte and the total molar amount of vanadium ions in the positive and negative electrodes are respectively equal. Note 2.The recommended electrolyte temperature is 30℃±5℃.9 Performance test9.1 Test method Set all input parameters as set values. During the test, record the battery voltage, charge-discharge ampere-hour capacity and charge-discharge watt-hour capacity the amount. Calculate the Coulomb efficiency, energy efficiency and voltage efficiency under the test state from the test results. During the test, the following reference charging characteristic curve should be recorded. a) Battery voltage-time; b) Charging amp-hour capacity-time; c) Charging watt-hour capacity-time. During the test, the following reference discharge characteristic curve should be recorded. a) Battery voltage-time; b) Discharge ampere-hour capacity-time; c) Discharge watt-hour capacity-time. 9.2 Charging and discharging characteristic curve 9.2.1 Test process Follow the steps below to measure the charge and discharge characteristic curve of a single battery. a) Set constant current, and set charge cut-off condition and discharge cut-off condition; b) Turn on the electrolyte transfer pump and charge and discharge tester; c) Charge the single battery to the charge cut-off condition; d) Discharge the single battery at a constant current until the discharge cut-off condition; e) Record the battery voltage-time curve, charge ampere-hour capacity-time curve, discharge ampere-hour capacity-time curve, charge Watt-hour capacity-time curve, discharge watt-hour capacity-time curve; f) Repeat steps c) ~ d) at least 6 times. Note. When repeating steps c) to d), ensure that the working status of the single battery is the same as the environmental status. 9.2.2 Result calculation 9.2.2.1 The coulomb efficiency of a single cell is calculated according to formula (1). 100%C η = × (1) Where. Cη-Coulomb efficiency of a single cell, in percentage (%); dA-the average discharge capacity of a single battery during the second to sixth cycles, in ampere-hour (Ah); cA-The average ampere-hour charge capacity of a single battery during the second to sixth cycles, in ampere-hour (Ah). 9.2.2.2 The energy efficiency of a single cell is calculated according to formula (2). 100% η = × (2) Prepare the same volume of positive electrode electrolyte and negative electrode electrolyte. It should be ensured that the molar ratio of the positive electrode VO2 /VO2 and the negative electrode V2 /V3 are equal, And the total molar amount of vanadium ions in the positive and negative electrodes is equal. It is recommended that the molar ratio of VO2 /(VO2 VO2) in the positive electrode electrolyte and V2/in the negative electrode electrolyte (V3 V2) The molar ratio is 90%. Note. The concentration of the positive and negative electrolytes can also be negotiated by the supplier and the buyer. 9.4.2 Test process The self-discharge test process is as follows. a) Set the discharge cut-off condition; b) Turn on the electrolyte transfer pump and charge and discharge tester; c) Open the single battery and let it stand until the discharge cut-off condition; d) Record the discharge voltage-time curve of the single cell, and record the corresponding time when the single cell discharges to the discharge cut-off condition as the self Discharge time t. Note. During the test, the negative electrolyte should be carried out under the protection of an inert atmosphere. Take 3 effective samples as a group, and calculate the average value of self-discharge time as the test result. 10 Test preparation and test report See Appendix C for test preparation, and Appendix D for test report.Appendix A(Informative appendix) Single cell ohmic polarization resistance, electrochemical polarization resistance and concentration polarization resistance measurement A.1 Overview This appendix specifies the measurement methods of single cell ohmic polarization resistance, electrochemical polarization resistance and concentration polarization resistance. Recommended measurement method The method is electrochemical impedance spectroscopy or current interruption method. A.2 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy A.2.1 Test equipment (1) AC impedance tester. The upper limit frequency should be the intersection of the impedance spectrum of the single cell with the real axis, and should not be too low, generally greater than or equal to 10kHz; the lower limit frequency should be positive It is appropriate to accurately reflect the resistance information of the single cell, generally less than 10mHz. (2) Single battery test bench. A.2.2 Test sampling The number of samples is not less than 3 (guarantee to get 3 valid values). A.2.3 Test process The test process is as follows. a) Assemble the single cell, and check the internal and external leakage of the single cell according to the method in 8.3 of this standard; b) Use a single battery test bench to charge a single battery until the charging cut-off condition is recommended to be 50% SOC (state of charge); c) Connect the working electrode of the AC impedance tester to the positive electrode of the single cell, and the counter electrode and reference electrode to the negative electrode of the single cell Connected d) Set a current density, apply a certain amplitude AC signal to the single cell within a certain frequency range, and test the full-frequency impedance Atlas. Note. The recommended voltage disturbance is ±10mV. A.2.4 Data collation The full-frequency impedance spectrum is given in the form of a Nyquist diagram (see Figure A.1). Use AC impedance simulation software to calculate the equivalent current in Figure A.1 Circuit, fit the AC impedance spectra obtained in the test, and calculate the relevant ohmic polarization resistance Roo, electrochemical polarization resistance Rct and concentration Differential polarization resistance Zd. A.3 Current interruption method This method is suitable for the case where the concentration polarization resistance is relatively small. A.3.1 Test equipment (1) Digital storage oscilloscope, the bandwidth is at least 40MHz; the sampling rate is at least 1GS/s. (2) Single battery test bench. A.3.2 Test sampling The number of samples is not less than 3 (guarantee to get 3 valid values). A.3.3 Test process The test process is as follows. a) Assemble the single battery, and check the internal and external leakage of the single battery according to the method in 8.3 of this standard; b) Use the single battery test bench to charge the single battery to the charge cut-off condition, which is recommended as 50% SOC; c) Connect the single battery to the digital storage oscilloscope according to the method in Figure A.2; d) Set a current density and use a single battery test bench to discharge the single battery; e) Cut off the current and use a digital storage oscilloscope to record the voltage change at the moment of cut off the current (see Figure A.3). A.3.4 Data processing A.3.4.1 The ohmic polarization resistance of a single cell is calculated by the formula (A.1). r 100%VR = ×∞ (A.1) Where. R∞ --The ohmic polarization resistance of a single cell at a certain current density, in ohms (Ω); rV-the ohmic voltage drop of a single cell at a certain current density, in volts (V); I-the current value of the test, the unit is ampere (A). A.3.4.2 The electrochemical polarization resistance of a single cell is calculated by the formula (A.2). ct 100% VR = × (A.2)Appendix C(Informative appendix) Test preparation C.1 Overview This appendix gives typical items that should be considered before testing. For each test, a high-precision testing instrument should be selected And equipment to minimize uncertainties. A written test plan should be prepared, and the following items should be included in the test plan. a) Test purpose; b) Test specification; c) Requirements for measuring instruments and equipment; d) Estimation of test parameter range; e) Data collection plan. C.2 Data collection and recording In order to meet the target error requirements, the data acquisition system and data recording equipment should meet the needs of acquisition frequency and acquisition speed, and its performance Should be better than performance test equipment. ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of NB/T 42081-2016_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate NB/T 42081-2016_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of NB/T 42081-2016_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of NB/T 42081-2016_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually pays for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet.Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. 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