HJ 548-2016 English PDF

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HJ 548-2016: Stationary source emissions. Determination of hydrogen chloride. Silver nitrate titration
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HJ 548: Historical versions

Standard ID	USD	BUY PDF	Lead-Days	Standard Title (Description)	Status
HJ 548-2016	229	Add to Cart	3 days	Stationary source emissions. Determination of hydrogen chloride. Silver nitrate titration	Valid
HJ 548-2009	319	Add to Cart	3 days	Stationary source emissions. Determination of hydrogen chloride. Silver nitrate titration method	Obsolete

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Basic data

Standard ID: HJ 548-2016 (HJ548-2016)
Description (Translated English): Stationary source emissions. Determination of hydrogen chloride. Silver nitrate titration
Sector / Industry: Environmental Protection Industry Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard: Z25
Classification of International Standard: 13.040.40
Word Count Estimation: 10,165
Date of Issue: 2016-05-13
Date of Implementation: 2016-08-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard): HJ 548-2009
Quoted Standard: GB/T 16157; HJ/T 373
Regulation (derived from): Ministry of Environmental Protection Announcement No. 39 of 2016
Issuing agency(ies): Ministry of Ecology and Environment
Summary: This standard specifies the silver nitrate volumetric method for the determination of hydrogen chloride in fixed sources of exhaust gas. This standard applies to the determination of hydrogen chloride in fixed source exhaust gas. When the sample volume is 15L (standard state), the method detection limit is 2 mg/m^3 and the lower limit of determination is 8.0 mg/m^3.

HJ 548-2016: Stationary source emissions. Determination of hydrogen chloride. Silver nitrate titration

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Stationary source emissions-Determination of hydrogen chloride-Silver nitrate titration National Environmental Protection Standard of the People 's Republic of China Replacing HJ 548-2009 Determination of hydrogen chloride in fixed source waste gas Silver nitrate volumetric method Stationary source emissions-Determination of hydrogen chloride Silver nitrate titration 2016-05-13 release 2016-08-01 implementation Ministry of Environmental Protection released Directory Preface .ii

1 Scope of application

2 normative reference documents

3 Principle of the method

Interference and elimination 5 reagents and materials 1 6 instruments and equipment 3 7 Sample 3

8 Analysis steps

The results are calculated and expressed 10 precision and accuracy Quality assurance and quality control 12 Waste treatment 13 Precautions

Foreword

In order to implement the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, Protection of human health, regulate the fixed source of waste gas in the determination of hydrogen chloride, the development of this standard. This standard specifies the silver nitrate volumetric method for the determination of hydrogen chloride in the waste of fixed sources. This standard is the "fixed source of waste gas hydrogen chloride determination of silver nitrate capacity (temporary)" (HJ 548-2009) of the Revised. This standard was first published in.2009, the original standard drafting unit for the Beijing Environmental Protection Monitoring Center. This time for the first time The main contents of the amendments and amendments are as follows. - revised method of reagents and materials, instruments and equipment, sample collection and analysis steps. - complements the interference and elimination and quality assurance and quality control parts. - Increased precision, accuracy, result representation and waste disposal terms. Since the implementation of the standard date, the original standard "fixed sources of waste gas hydrogen chloride determination of silver nitrate capacity (temporary)" (HJ 548-2009). This standard is organized by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Science and Technology Standards Division. The drafting of this standard. Beijing Environmental Protection Monitoring Center. The standard verification unit. Beijing Physical and Chemical Analysis and Testing Center, Peking University Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Beijing Fangshan District Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, Beijing Haidian District Environmental Protection Bureau Monitoring Station, Jiangsu Province Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing Environmental Protection Monitoring center. The environmental protection department of this standard approved on May 13,.2016. This standard has been implemented since August 1,.2016. This standard is explained by the Ministry of Environmental Protection. Determination of hydrogen chloride in fixed sources - Silver nitrate volumetric method WARNING. Hydrogen chloride is harmful to the human body. When sampling, wear protective equipment in a sampling environment to avoid inhalation or contact with skin And eyes. Nitric acid used in the experiment has strong oxidizing and corrosive, the operation should wear protective equipment, solution preparation and sample The pretreatment process should be carried out in a fume hood.

1 Scope of application

This standard specifies the silver nitrate volumetric method for the determination of hydrogen chloride in the waste of fixed sources. This standard is applicable to the determination of hydrogen chloride in waste gas from fixed sources. When the sampling volume is 15 L (standard state), the detection limit is 2 mg/m3 and the determination limit is 8.0 mg/m3.

2 normative reference documents

The contents of this standard refer to the following documents or their terms. Those who do not specify the date of the reference file, the effective version of the appropriate For this standard. Determination of particulate matter and sampling method of gaseous pollutants in exhaust gas of fixed pollution sources GB/T 16157 HJ/T 373 fixed pollution source monitoring quality assurance and quality control technical specifications (Trial)

3 Principle of the method

Hydrogen chloride is absorbed by sodium hydroxide solution, under neutral conditions, with potassium chromate as indicator, with silver nitrate standard solution Titration, the formation of silver chloride precipitation, excessive silver ions and potassium chromate indicator reaction to produce shallow brick red silver chromate precipitation, indicating Titration end point, the reaction is as follows.

4 interference and elimination

When the exhaust gas contains sulfide, sulfur dioxide, the method has a positive interference. Hydrogen sulfide concentration ≤ 1000 mg/m3, The concentration of sulfur dioxide ≤ 10000 mg/m3, can be added by adding 1 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide to eliminate interference. Granular chloride has a positive effect on the process; when the sulfuric acid mist concentration in the exhaust gas is > 15 g/m3, The process of white precipitation, the impact of the end of the titration process to determine; when the test liquid iron content > 10 mg/L, the method The end point of the titration process has an effect. The above interference can be removed by filtration through sampling at the time of sampling. Exhaust gas in the coexistence of chlorine (Cl2), with sodium hydroxide reaction to produce the same amount of chloride ions and hypochlorite ions, interference Determination of hydrogen chloride. Determination of hypochlorite by iodometric method, from the total chloride minus its content, that is, to obtain hydrogen chloride content.

5 reagents and materials

Unless otherwise stated, analytical reagents conforming to national standards are used for analysis. Experimental water is a newly prepared deionized Water or water of the same purity. ↓ → ↓ → CrOAgCrO2Ag AgClNOAgNOCl (Shallow brick red) 5.1 nitric acid. ρ (HNO3) = 1.42 g/ml. 5.2 anhydrous ethanol. ρ (CH3CH2OH) = 0.79 g/ml. 5.3 Sodium chloride (NaCl). excellent grade pure. Before use should be placed in the porcelain crucible, at 400 ℃ ~ 500 ℃ burning 40 min ~ 50 min, and no longer burst sound. Set Cooled in the dryer. 5.4 Sodium hydroxide (NaOH). 5.5 Silver nitrate (AgNO3). Before use should be baked at 105 ℃ for 30 min, placed in the dryer cooling standby. 5.6 Potassium chromate (K2CrO4). 5.7 phenolphthalein (C20H14O4). 5.8 nitric acid solution. c (HNO3) ≈ 0.1 mol/L. Remove 6.2 ml of nitric acid (5.1) and dilute to 1000 ml with water. 5.9 Ethanol solution. 1 1. Take 250 ml of absolute ethanol (5.2) and dilute to 500 ml with water. 5.10 sodium hydroxide absorption solution. c (NaOH) = 0.10 mol/L. Weigh 4.0 g of sodium hydroxide (5.4), with a small amount of water dissolved after the full amount into the 1000 ml volumetric flask, diluted with water and volume To the mark line, shake, with the current allocation. 5.11 sodium chloride standard solution. c (NaCl) ≈ 0.0141 mol/L. 8.24 g of sodium chloride (5.3) (accurate to 0.0001 g) was weighed by reduction, washed with a small amount of water and transferred to 1000 ml Capacity bottle, diluted with water and volume to the mark, shake. Stored in a polyethylene bottle, refrigerated below 4 ℃, sealed to save 6 Month. Accurately remove 10.00 ml The above standard solution in 100 ml volumetric flask, diluted with water volume to the mark, shake, Now with Calculate the concentration of sodium chloride standard solution according to formula (1) accurately. () 00.1044.58 NaClc × = (1) Where. () NaClc - sodium chloride standard solution concentration, mol/L; W - the amount of sodium chloride, g; 58.44 - molar mass of sodium chloride, g/mol. 5.12 Silver nitrate standard solution. c (AgNO3) ≈ 0.0141 mol/L. 5.12.1 preparation Weigh 2.4 g of silver nitrate (5.5), dissolve in water, dilute to 1000 ml, and store in a brown oily reagent bottle at 4 ° C Under the cold storage, before use calibration. 5.12.2 Calibration Remove the sodium chloride standard solution (5.11) 25.00 ml in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask, add 25 ml of water and shake. Add 1 ml Potassium chromate indicator (5.13), while constantly shaking the conical flask, titrated with silver nitrate standard solution (5.12) to produce The disappearance of the pale brick red precipitation so far. Record the titration volume of silver nitrate standard solution. Another 50 ml of water, with the above method for blank titration. Calculate the concentration of silver nitrate standard solution according to formula (2) accurately. () 00.25AgNOc VV × = (2) Where. () 3AgNOc - silver nitrate standard solution concentration, mol/L; 1c - sodium chloride standard solution concentration, mol/L; V - titration of sodium chloride solution consumed by silver nitrate standard solution volume, ml; 0V - volume of silver nitrate standard solution consumed by titration blank solution, ml. 5.13 Potassium chromate indicator Weigh 5.0 g of potassium chromate (5.6) in a small amount of water and add the silver nitrate standard solution (5.12) dropwise to produce Lost pale brick red precipitation so far. Placed overnight, filtered, discarded precipitation, the filtrate diluted with water volume to 100 ml, stored in the Brown reagent bottle, frozen at 4 ℃ can be stored for 6 months. 5.14 phenolphthalein indicator Weigh 0.50 g phenolphthalein (5.7) and dissolve in 100 ml of ethanol solution (5.9). Store in a reagent bottle and cool at 4 ° C or lower Possession can be saved for 3 months.

6 instruments and equipment

Unless otherwise specified, the use of national standards in accordance with the national standard A glassware. 6.1 Flue gas sampler. flow range 0 L/min ~ 1 L/min, the error is less than 5%. 6.2 Smoke sampler. 5 L/min ~ 50 L/min, smoke gun with heating and insulation function. 6.3 porous glass absorption bottle or large bubble absorption bottle. 75 ml, the absorption bottle should be tightly leak-free, porous glass plate absorption bottle foam To be uniform, when the flow rate of 0.5 L/min, the resistance should be 5 KPa ± 0.7 KPa. 6.4 brown acid burette. 25.00 ml; or use a digital titrator. 6.5 Acetate microporous membrane. 0.3 μm pore size. 6.6 sampling tube. hard glass or fluorine resin material, can be heated to 120 ℃ above the insulation jacket. 6.7 filter folder. Teflon, size and acetate fiber microporous membrane (6.5) match. 6.8 Connecting tube. Silicone rubber tube with polytetrafluoroethylene hose or PTFE tape. 6.9 Erlenmeyer flask. 250 ml. 6.10 Cooling device. ice bath. 6.11 General laboratory equipment and equipment.

7 samples

7.1 Collection of samples The sampling and sampling of the sampling point of fixed pollution source should meet the relevant provisions in GB/T 16157. Sampling device shown in Figure 1. At the time of sampling, two inhaled 50 ml sodium hydroxide absorbing solution (5.10) of the absorption bottle (6.3), in accordance with the collection of gaseous pollutants Method, at a flow rate of 0.5 L/min to 1.0 L/min, sampled continuously for 1 hour, or collected at equal intervals in 1 hour 3 ~ 4 samples. In the sampling process, should keep the sampling insulation jacket temperature of 120 ℃, in order to avoid water vapor in the sampling pipeline In the condensation. After sampling, the absorbent bottle (6.3) is sealed with a connecting tube (6.8), to be tested. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a sampling device for a source of waste gas Note 1. If the exhaust gas contains particulate chloride, should be between the sampling gun and the absorption bottle containing the acetate fiber microporous membrane (6.5) filter Folder (6.7). Note 2. The connection pipe between the sampling gun and the absorption bottle should be as short as possible and check the air tightness and reliability of the system. Note 3. When the humidity in the exhaust gas is large, the hydrogen chloride is absorbed and mainly exists in the granular state, the sampling point of the layout and sampling should be in accordance with GB/T 16157 In the relevant provisions on the collection of particulate matter. Sampling device shown in Figure 2. After the smoke sampler connected to the heating device (including the diversion valve and containing B Acid fiber microporous membrane filter folder), after the series of two 50ml sodium hydroxide absorption solution (5.10) absorption bottle (6.3). Through the diverter valve, The hydrogen chloride gas sampling flow control in the 0.5 L/min ~ 1.0 L/min, for 1 hour sampling, or within 1 hour at equal intervals to collect three ~ 4 samples. During the sampling process, keep the soot sampler and the heating device at a temperature of 120 ° C to avoid condensation of water vapor in the sampling line. Mining After the sample is finished, the absorbent bottle (6.3) is sealed with a connecting tube (6.8) Figure 2 Schematic diagram of sampling device for particulate matter from pollution sources 7.2 Full program blank Will be the same batch of two 50ml sodium hydroxide absorption solution (5.10) absorption bottle (6.3) to the sampling site, not with the mining Sample connection, after sampling to bring back to the laboratory to be tested. 7.3 Sample shipping and storage Collected samples and the whole program blank, should be measured as soon as possible, if not timely determination, should be below 4 ℃ cold storage, sealed Save, within 48 h to complete the analysis.

8 Analysis steps

8.1 Analysis of samples After sampling, the sample solution in the two absorbent bottles was transferred to two conical vials respectively, and the inner wall of the absorbent bottle was washed with a small amount of water, The lotion is incorporated into the corresponding conical flask. Add 1 drop of phenolphthalein indicator (5.14), drop nitric acid solution (5.8) to red disappears; Add 1.0 ml of potassium chromate indicator (5.13), while constantly shaking the conical flask, with silver nitrate standard solution (5.12) drops Set to produce a pale red precipitate that does not disappear. The silver nitrate standard dissolved in the samples from the two conical vials was recorded separately Liquid volume. 8.2 blank experiment 8.2.1 Lab blank Take the same batch, the same volume of absorption solution, according to the same sample analysis (8.1) the same steps for laboratory blank titration. 8.2.2 Full program blank The whole program blank sample (7.2) was subjected to full procedure blank titration according to the same procedure as the analysis (8.1) of the sample.

9 Results calculation and representation

9.1 Results calculation According to formula (3) to calculate the fixed source of waste gas in the concentration of hydrogen chloride concentration. Nd 2021 100046.36) 2 () HCl ( CVVV ××× - = ρ (3) Where. () HCl ρ - the concentration of hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas of the fixed source, mg/m3; 1V, 2V - titration of the volume of silver nitrate standard solution consumed by the sample in two conical bottles, respectively; ml; 0V - titration of two laboratory blank solutions consumed by silver nitrate standard solution volume average, ml; 2c - concentration of silver nitrate standard solution, mol/L; 36.46 - molar mass of hydrogen chloride (HCl), g/mol; NdV - sampling volume of dry flue gas in standard state (101.325 KPa, 273 K), L. 9.2 The result is shown When the concentration of hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas of the fixed source is less than 10 mg/m3, the result is retained to 1 after the decimal point. When the concentration of hydrogen chloride in the exhaust gas is greater than or equal to 10 mg/m3, the result retains 3 significant digits. 10 precision and accuracy 10.1 Precision 6 laboratories were treated with chloride concentrations of 7.01 ± 0.34 mg/L, 100 ± 3 mg/L and 150 ± 5 mg/L, respectively The product was tested six times in parallel. The relative standard deviations in the laboratory were 0.8% ~ 3.0%, 0.4% ~ 0.9%, 0.3% ~ 0.8% respectively; The relative standard deviations were 1.1%, 0.4% and 0.2%, respectively. The repeatability r was 0.1 mg/L, 1.6 mg/L, 1.7 Mg/L; Reproducibility R was 0.5 mg/L, 6.3 mg/L, 9.9 mg/L, respectively. 10.2 Accuracy 6 laboratories were tested for chloride concentrations of 7.01 ± 0.34 mg/L, 100 ± 3 mg/L and 150 ± 5 mg/L, respectively The quasi - sample was subjected to 6 parallel determinations. The relative errors in the laboratory were -1.3% ~ 1.6%, 0 ~ 1.0%, 0; relative error The final values were 0.95% ± 1.22%, 0.17% ± 0.82%, respectively. 11 quality assurance and quality control 11.1 The sampler shall be airtight and flow calibrated before use. 11.2 Each batch of samples contains at least two lab blanks and two full program blanks. Laboratory blank and full program blank determination should be Less than the method detection limit, or to find the cause, re-sampling. 11.3 Quality control and quality assurance of sample collection Refer to HJ/T 373. 12 Waste treatment The waste generated in the experiment shall be collected and collected in a centralized manner, and shall be handled safely or entrusted with qualified units. 13 Precautions 13.1 When titrated with silver nitrate standard solution, the sample solution should be neutral or slightly alkaline (pH = 6.5 to 10.5). When the sample solution When the pH value is low, the titration volume will increase and the positive error will be generated. When the pH value of the sample solution is high, Ag will form Ag2O Precipitation, impact titration end point determination. If NH4 is present in the sample solution, the pH of the sample solution must be controlled to be 6.5 to 7.2 Ag and NH3 are easy to form Ag (NH3) 2 complex. 13.2 titration must be vigorous shaking, to prevent Cl - AgCl adsorption, so that the solution Cl- concentration decreased, leading to the end of the production Health, causing negative error. ......

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