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Delivery: <= 3 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. HJ 1168-2021: (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Field Observation of Grassland Ecosystem) Status: Valid
Basic dataStandard ID: HJ 1168-2021 (HJ1168-2021)Description (Translated English): (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Field Observation of Grassland Ecosystem) Sector / Industry: Environmental Protection Industry Standard Word Count Estimation: 12,133 Issuing agency(ies): Ministry of Ecology and Environment HJ 1168-2021: (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Field Observation of Grassland Ecosystem)---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order. (National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications-Field Observation of Grassland Ecosystem) National Ecological Environment Standard of the People's Republic of China National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specification -- Field observation of grassland ecosystem Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status -Field observation of grassland ecosystem This electronic version is the official standard text, which is reviewed and typeset by the Environmental Standards Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Published on 2021-05-12 2021-08-01 Implementation Released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment directory Foreword...ii 1 Scope...1 2 Normative references...1 3 Terms and Definitions...1 4 General...2 5 Technical process...2 6 Types of grassland ecosystems...2 7 Field Observation Plot Selection and Plot Setting...2 8 Field observation index system...3 9 Field observation techniques and methods...4 Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Field Observation Form...7 Appendix B (normative appendix) Table of various types of hazards in grassland...9 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specification -- Field observation of grassland ecosystem 1 Scope of applicationThis standard specifies the general principles, technical process, field observation sample plot selection and quadratic setting, field observation of grassland ecosystems Requirements for the indicator system and field observation techniques and methods. This standard is applicable to the field observation of terrestrial grassland ecosystems in the national and provincial administrative regions, and other geographical areas may refer to this standard for implementation.2 Normative referencesThis standard refers to the following documents or clauses thereof. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this standard. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this standard. GB/T 36197 Soil Quality Soil Sampling Technical Guide GB/T 50138 Water level observation standard GB 9834-88 Determination of soil organic matter HJ/T 164 Technical Specification for Groundwater Environmental Monitoring HJ 615 Determination of Soil Organic Carbon Potassium Dichromate Oxidation-Spectrophotometric Method HJ 962 Potentiometric Method for Determination of Soil pH HJ 1166 National Ecological Status Survey and Evaluation Technical Specifications--Ecosystem Remote Sensing Interpretation and Field Verification LY/T 1225 Determination of Forest Soil Particle Composition (Mechanical Composition) NY/T 53 Soil Total Nitrogen Determination Method NY/T 1121.4 Soil Testing Part 4.Determination of Soil Capacity NY/T 1233 Technical Regulations for Grassland Resources and Ecological Monitoring SL 276 Hydrological Infrastructure Construction and Technical Equipment Standard3 Terms and DefinitionsThe following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 grassland ecosystem Under continental sub-humid and semi-arid climates in mid-latitudes, plant communities dominated by annual or perennial herbaceous vegetation, this Meadow, grassland, grass and sparse grass are included in the standard. 3.2 meadow meadow Vegetation type composed of perennial herbs that form in moderately humid conditions. 3.3 prairie prairie A type of vegetation dominated by herbaceous plants that develops in temperate semi-arid climates. Continuation table Observation Content Observation Index Index Definition Observation Time Observation Frequency Soil Index Soil Total Nitrogen The sum of various forms of nitrogen in the soil - once a year Disaster indicators grassland disasters Main observation and survey grassland disasters include. pests, rodents, fires, etc. - once a year9 Field observation techniques and methods9.1 Grassland dominant species The photographic method was mainly used to measure the dominant species of vegetation. The composition of herbaceous plant communities was adjusted in the grassland ecosystem observation area. Check, use the camera to obtain digital photos of dominant species, and record them. 9.2 Excessive The total number of individuals of a certain plant species in the community in the quadrature was visually observed by the sampling method. 9.3 Vegetation Coverage The vegetation coverage of grassland ecosystems was observed by a combination of visual and photographic methods. Use higher pixel camera to obtain vegetation cover The digital photos of the cover were taken repeatedly for 2 to 3 times. Finally, the vegetation coverage of each photo was calculated separately, and the average value was taken as the vegetation coverage of the plot. Spend. For areas that are not easily recognized by the camera, the vegetation coverage is observed by visual observation. 9.4 Community height Colony heights are determined using a graduated ruler; multiple measurements should be taken and then averaged. 9.5 Frequency A sample circle with a diameter of 35.6 cm was randomly tossed 20 times in the field plot. The number of sample circles that a certain plant appears in as a percentage of the total number of sample circles. 9.6 Leaf Area Index Measured using a canopy analyzer. The canopy analyzer was placed on the ground under the herb layer of the grassland community, and the entire community was scanned, and the results were obtained. The total leaf area index of the community; for low grassland, it is obtained by photographic imaging technology, and the vegetation at a specific angle (57.5°) is obtained by obtaining The canopy clearance ratio was used to calculate the leaf area index. 9.7 Biomass 9.7.1 The field observation of biomass should be carried out during the peak period of plant growth. The main method is to place no less than three plots above the ground. All green parts were cut off the ground with scissors, and the litter was collected. Regardless of species, they were put into envelope bags according to the plot and marked. pair collection After weighing the fresh weight of the samples, they were dried at 65 ºC to a constant weight, and the dry weight was weighed. The average dry weight values in multiple plots were obtained to obtain the unit area (1 m2). biomass. 9.7.2 Subsurface biomass. obtain the root-shoot ratio of the plot range through the actual measurement of a certain amount of plots, and calculate other samples according to the measured root-shoot ratio. square underground biomass. 9.8 Groundwater level Use self-recording water level gauge or water level tube and steel ruler water level gauge to measure the groundwater level, the specific measurement basis can refer to HJ/T 164 and Implementation of relevant requirements of GB/T 50138. 9.9 Grassland evapotranspiration By setting up the instrument for the observation quadrat, it can be directly observed or measured by the turbulent exchange method. The direct observation of the instrument mainly adopts the lysimeter. A container filled with soil with bare or growing vegetation on the surface to measure the total water consumption by soil evaporation and plant transpiration. turbulent exchange method The eddy correlator is mainly used, which is installed on the surface level and uniform sample plot to measure the grassland evapotranspiration. 9.10 Runoff The grassland ecosystem usually conducts river runoff observation, relying on existing hydrological observation stations for observation; if there is no existing fixed station, the nearest Select runoff observation points on rivers with large flow and wide channels, install runoff observation facilities, and try to use automatic observation equipment (velocity meter) Observations are carried out, and the construction of hydrological infrastructure is carried out in accordance with the relevant requirements of SL 276. 9.11 Slope The slope can be extracted with a digital elevation model (DEM) or measured with tools such as a compass. as follows. a) Grade I is a flat slope. 0°～5°; b) Grade II is gentle slope. 5°～15°; c) Grade III is slope. 15°～25°; d) Grade IV is steep slope. 25°～35°; e) Grade V is a steep slope. 35°～45°; f) Grade VI is dangerous slope. above 45°. 9.12 Slope Length The slope length can be extracted using a digital elevation model (DEM) or measured with tools such as a total station and tape measure. 9.13 Soil sampling Set the quadrats according to the vegetation type, take no less than 3 surface soil samples from each quadrat, and set 2 to 3 soil profiles for each community. The sampling depth is 0-20 cm, and sampling is carried out in 2-3 layers, according to the relevant requirements of GB/T 36197. 9.14 Soil organic carbon density Soil organic carbon density was determined by potassium dichromate oxidation-spectrophotometry. The sampling methods and determination steps of soil organic carbon are based on the specific According to the relevant requirements of HJ 615. 9.15 Soil bulk density Through the field soil profile, the soil bulk density was determined by the ring knife method, and the specific implementation was carried out according to the relevant requirements of NY/T 1121.4. 9.16 Soil Mechanical Composition The pipette method was used for the measurement. The specific sampling method and measurement steps were carried out according to the relevant requirements of LY/T 1225. See Table A.2 in Appendix A for the content of silt and clay, and the classification standard of soil particles. 9.17 Soil pH Observed by potentiometric method. The measurement method of soil pH is carried out according to the relevant requirements of HJ 962. 9.18 Soil water content The time domain reflectometry (TDR) was used to automatically and continuously measure the soil profile volumetric water content. Determination of soil content in regional survey sites by drying method water volume. 9.19 Soil organic matter content Measured by potassium dichromate oxidation method. The sampling method and determination steps of soil organic matter content are based on the relevant GB 9834-88. require execution. 9.20 Soil total nitrogen The semi-micro Kjeldahl method was used for observation. The determination of total nitrogen in soil is carried out according to the relevant requirements of NY/T 53. 9.21 Grassland disaster Observing the symptoms of various damage indicators and the degree of damage in the sample area, combining with remote sensing observation data, various disasters are carried out according to the degree of damage. Grade identification, according to the relevant requirements of NY/T 1233.See Table B.1 to Table B.3 in Appendix B for details of grassland disaster grades. ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of HJ 1168-2021_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate HJ 1168-2021_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of HJ 1168-2021_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of HJ 1168-2021_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually pays for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet.Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. 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