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Basic dataStandard ID: HJ 1156-2021 (HJ1156-2021)Description (Translated English): Technical specification for remote sensing monitoring of human activities in protected areas Sector / Industry: Environmental Protection Industry Standard Word Count Estimation: 20,215 Issuing agency(ies): Ministry of Ecology and Environment HJ 1156-2021: Technical specification for remote sensing monitoring of human activities in protected areas---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order. Technical specification for remote sensing monitoring of human activities in protected areas National Ecological and Environmental Standards of the People's Republic of China Technical Specifications for Remote Sensing Monitoring of Human Activities in Nature Reserves Technical specification for remote sensing monitoring of human activities in protected areas Released on 2021-02-05 2021-02-05 implementation Issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment Table of contentsForeword...ii 1 Scope of application...1 2 Normative references...1 3 Terms and definitions...1 4 General...2 5 Technical process...2 6 Data preparation and processing...3 7 Extraction of information on changes in human activities...3 8 Production of data on current human activities...5 9 Compilation of Human Activity Remote Sensing Monitoring Report...6 Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Classification, Coding, Codes and Definitions of Human Activities in Nature Reserves...8 Appendix B (Normative Appendix) Classification and Definition of Changes in Human Activities in Nature Reserves...10 Appendix C (Normative Appendix) Human Activity Change Attribute Table of Nature Reserve...11 Appendix D (Normative Appendix) Codes of Provinces...12 Appendix E (Normative Appendix) Different Types and Levels of Nature Reserve Codes...13 Appendix F (Normative Appendix) Remote Sensing Screenshots of Human Activity Changes in Nature Reserves...14 Technical Specifications for Remote Sensing Monitoring of Human Activities in Nature Reserves1 Scope of applicationThis standard specifies the main content, technical procedures, methods and technical requirements of remote sensing monitoring of human activities in nature reserves. This standard is applicable to remote sensing monitoring of human activities in nature reserves of all levels and types within the territory of the People's Republic of China.2 Normative referencesThis standard refers to the following documents or their clauses. For dated reference documents, only the dated version is applicable to this standard. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this standard. GB/T 21010-2017 Classification of land use status "Guiding Opinions on Establishing a Natural Reserve System with National Parks as the Main Body" (Zhongbanfa [2019] No. 42)3 Terms and definitionsThe following terms and definitions apply to this standard. 3.1 Protected areas Refers to the legally defined or confirmed by governments at all levels, the importance of important natural ecosystems, natural relics, natural landscapes and the natural resources they carry The land or sea area where sources, ecological functions and cultural values are subject to long-term protection. 3.2 Human activities in protected areas Refers to all types of development, construction, production, and living that occur in nature reserves and affect the protection objects and ecological environment of nature reserves. Activities, including mineral resource development, industrial development, energy development, tourism development, transportation development, breeding development, agricultural development, residential areas And other activities. 3.3 Remote sensing monitoring of human activities in protected areas Refers to the monitoring of human activities in nature reserves using remote sensing technology, including the acquisition, processing, extraction, and analysis of data and information And report preparation, etc. 3.4 Changes of human activities in protected areas Refers to the changes in the nature or area of land (use of sea) caused by human activities in nature reserves, including new additions, expansions, and reductions. 3.5 Center latitude and longitude Refers to the longitude and latitude of the center of mass coordinates of the polygon.6 Data preparation and processing6.1 Vector data preparation 6.1.1 Boundary data of nature reserves The boundary vector data of the nature reserve in the monitoring area. 6.1.2 Administrative division data The vector data of the administrative division where the monitoring area is located. 6.1.3 Format Vector format. 6.2 Image data preparation and processing 6.2.1 Image selection a) The spatial resolution of the image is better than or equal to 2 m, and the image within the boundary of the nature reserve should generally be free of cloud cover. The cloud cover of the single scene image The ratio should generally be less than 10%. b) The image has no obvious noise and missing lines. 6.2.2 Image orthorectification a) Take the scene as the unit, use the base map image as the correction basis, and select the image to be corrected for orthorectification. b) It is required that the registration accuracy after orthorectification of images in plain areas is within 1 pixel, in hilly areas within 2 pixels, and in some mountainous areas. The area is within 4 pixels. 6.2.3 Image Fusion Take the scene as the unit to fuse the panchromatic and multi-spectral images that meet the accuracy requirements after orthorectification. The fused image is required. a) The texture information can be clearly expressed, and the main land types (such as mineral resource development, industrial development, etc.) can be highlighted. b) The image tone is uniform, the contrast is moderate, and there is no ghosting and blurring. The spectral characteristics are restored to be true and accurate, and there is no obvious light in the monitoring area. The spectrum is abnormal. 6.2.4 Format Img or GeoTIFF format.7 Extraction of information on changes in human activities7.1 Extraction of human activity change patterns Use classification methods such as visual interpretation or artificial intelligence to compare the changes in the ground features in the later images and the earlier images to protect the natural coverage. The images of the protected area are fully checked and interpreted, and the patterns of changes in human activities are extracted. Railways, hardened roads and other roads generally follow linear layers Extraction, other types of human activities are extracted according to the surface layer. a) The smallest extraction unit of the changing pattern Regarding the four types of human activities. mineral resource development, industrial development, tourism development, and energy development, regardless of the size of the change map, Extract all; for other types, the minimum extraction area of the patch on the planar layer is 2×2 pixels. b) Change pattern extraction The extraction principles of different types of human activity change patterns are as follows. 1) New image spot extraction. according to the newly added human activity texture edge extraction in the later image. 2) Enlarged map spot extraction. Based on the map spot of the human activity data of the previous period, the image texture edge extracted along the area expansion or intensity enhancement. 3) Extraction of reduced image spots. Based on the image spots of the human activity data of the previous period, the edges of the image texture with reduced area or weakened intensity are extracted. 7.2 Assignment of Attributes of Human Activity Change Maps Assign attribute values to the extracted human activity change patterns. See Appendix C for the name, type and length requirements of each attribute field. a) Unique code 1) Encoding based on the unique encoding of the human activity data attribute table in the previous issue. The naming rule is. the province where the human activity map belongs Part code-nature reserve type code-nature reserve code-primary human activity type code-serial number, such as "41-C-001-MD-0001", among them. --Human activity map and province code. see Appendix D for each province code. --Type code of nature reserve. For the type of nature reserve, please refer to the "Regarding the Establishment of a Natural Reserve System with National Parks as the Main Body" Guiding Opinions, see Appendix E for the codes of different types and levels of nature reserves. --Nature protected area code. The code of a single nature reserve in the same type of nature reserve in its province, which is a three-digit number, from 001 starts coding. --First-level human activity type code. See Appendix A for the first-level human activity type code. --Serial number. The serial number of the same human activity type is coded starting from 0 001.If there are multiple places in the same human activity data map space Change, add -A (B, C) after the serial number. 2) The unique code of the new patch is extended on the basis of the existing unique code of the previous human activity data patch of the same type; expanded; The unique code for reducing and reducing the spots is the same as that of the last issue of human activity data spots. b) Types and codes of first-level human activities See Appendix A for the types and codes of first-level human activities. c) Types and codes of secondary human activities See Appendix A for the types and codes of secondary human activities. d) Type of change Fill in the 3 categories of "new addition, expansion, reduction". e) Changes Fill in the changes such as "new addition, area expansion, strength enhancement, area decrease, strength weakening", etc. See Appendix B for specific meanings. f) Area/length Fill in the area of the plane layer of human activity changes, and fill in the length of the linear layer of human activity changes. g) Name of nature reserve Fill in the full name of the nature reserve. h) Center latitude and longitude Fill in the center longitude and center latitude of the human activity change map, expressed in decimal degrees, accurate to five decimal places, for example "108.253 02". i) Province Fill in the province where the mapban belongs to the nature reserve. j) Pre-image phase and post-image phase Fill in the imaging time of the pre-image and post-image, expressed with "year/month/day". k) Production date Fill in the date of completion of the extraction of information on changes in human activities in the nature reserve, expressed as "year/month/day". l) Remarks Fill in the relevant descriptions of the questionable spots on the types of human activities, changes, etc. 7.3 Quality control of human activity change data 7.3.1 Review and modification of change patterns A combination of comprehensive review and cross-examination is adopted to review the patterns of changes in human activities to ensure data quality. Focus on The following questions are reviewed. a) Inaccurate image spot extraction The distance between the human activity change map and the actual change texture edge of the object with the same name in the image exceeds 1 pixel, or it is caused by inaccurate interpretation. Pseudo change. b) Missing spots The map of human activity changes has not been interpreted or extracted. c) Map spot topology error The patterns of human activity change overlap, gaps and self-intersections. 7.3.2 Review and modification of attributes Review the attribute assignments of the human activity change data and make corresponding modifications. Focus on the following issues. a) Fill in the attributes incorrectly Errors in interpretation of human activity types, errors in interpretation of human activity change types, errors in unique code assignment, etc. b) Irregular filling of attributes It is not filled in in accordance with the attribute assignment requirements specified in Article 7.2. c) Incomplete attributes The required attributes are not filled in. 7.4 Format Vector format.8 Production of data on the status quo of human activities8.1 Integration of data maps on the current status of human activities After merging the human activity change data map and the previous human activity data map, the current human activity data map is generated. Integration Regulation It is as follows. a) Integration of new spots For the newly added human activity map, merge it directly with the previous human activity data map to generate current human activity data Figure spot. b) Expand the integration of map spots For the human activity pattern with enlarged area and enhanced intensity, it will be entered with the same unique code as the human activity data pattern of the previous period. The row map spots are merged to generate data maps of the current human activity. c) Reduce the integration of map spots For the human activity pattern with weakened intensity, combine it with the human activity data pattern of the previous period according to the same unique code. And, generate data plots of the status quo of human activities. For human activity map spots with a reduced area, based on the human activity data map spots in the previous period, they will be carried out according to changes in human activities. The pattern is deleted or modified to generate a data pattern of the status quo of human activities. 8.2 Update of the attributes of the current human activity data map Update the attributes of "area/length, production date, center latitude and longitude" of the current human activity data map, and other attribute information No change, generate data on the status quo of human activities. The update area of the areal type of human activity, and the update length of the linear type of human activity. 8.3 Quality control of data on current human activities 8.3.1 Review and modification of pattern Review the topological errors such as overlaps, gaps, and self-intersections of the current human activities, and make corresponding corrections. 8.3.2 Review and modification of attributes The attributes of "area/length, production date, center latitude and longitude" of the current human activity map are filled in incorrectly, irregularly and incompletely. Review the status and make corresponding amendments. 8.4 Format Vector format.9 Compilation of remote sensing monitoring report for human activities9.1 Preparation of remote sensing monitoring report for human activities in a single nature reserve Including the analysis of the overall changes in human activities in a single nature reserve, detailed analysis of changes in human activities, and thematic changes in human activities Four aspects of content including map production and remote sensing screenshots of human activity changes. a) Analysis of overall changes in human activities Count the total number of changes in human activities in the nature reserve and the number of additions, expansions and reductions in different human activities, and analyze the nature of the reserve The overall changes in human activities. b) Analysis of detailed changes in human activities Perform detailed statistics and analysis of each human activity change map, fill in the first-level human activity type, change type, area/length, Center latitude and longitude, location and serial number and other information. 1) Ranking of first-level human activity types Fill in the first-level human activity types and arrange them in the following order of priority. mineral resource development >industrial development >tourism development >energy Development >Traffic Development >Aquaculture Development >Agricultural Development >Residence and other activities. 2) Sort of change types Fill in the types of changes in human activities and arrange them in the order of new addition > expansion > reduction priority. 3) Fill in area/length Fill in the area or length of changes in human activities, and arrange them in descending order of value. 4) Fill in the center latitude and longitude Fill in the center longitude and center latitude of the human activity change map, expressed in decimal degrees. 5) Fill in the serial number Fill in the unique code in the attribute of the human activity change data. 6) Fill in the position Fill in the geographic location where the human activity change map is located, and fill in the rule as "provincial prefecture-level city-level county-level township-level small place names". c) Production of thematic maps of changes in human activities Thematic mapping of the changes in human activities in nature reserves, the mapping elements include title, legend, scale, north arrow and longitude Latitudinal. ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of HJ 1156-2021_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate HJ 1156-2021_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. 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