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Basic dataStandard ID: GBZ/T 285-2016 (GBZ/T285-2016)Description (Translated English): Guideline for prevention and control of occupational hazards in gem processing industry Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: C52 Word Count Estimation: 28,223 Date of Issue: 2016-11-29 Date of Implementation: 2017-05-01 Regulation (derived from): State-Health-Communication (2016) No.19 Issuing agency(ies): National Health and Family Planning Commission GBZ/T 285-2016: Guideline for prevention and control of occupational hazards in gem processing industry---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order. (Guidance on Prevention and Control of Occupational Hazards in Jewelery and Jade Processing Industry) ICS 13.100 C 52 National Occupational Health Standards Occupational Hazard Prevention and Control in Jewelry and Jade Processing Industry guide Guideline for prevention and control of occupational hazards in gem processing Industry in 2016 - 11 - 29 released 2017 - 05 - 01 implementation ContentForeword...II 1 Scope...1 2 Normative references...1 3 Terms and Definitions...1 4 Basic health requirements of the employer... 2 5 Identification of occupational hazards in the gem processing industry... 2 6 Occupational hazard factors prevention and control...4 7 Occupational disease prevention and treatment work evaluation...10 Appendix A (Normative Appendix) Occupational exposure limits for major occupational hazards in the gem processing industry...11 Appendix B (Normative Appendix) Occupational Health Monitoring and Inspection Items and Cycles in the Gem Processing Industry...15 Appendix C (informative appendix) Production process in gem processing industry and occupational hazards in different positions...21 Appendix D (Normative Appendix) Principles for Design and Installation of Partial Exhaust Hoods...24ForewordThis standard is formulated in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard is drafted by. Guangdong Provincial Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute. Participated in the drafting of this standard. Shenzhen Baoan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The main drafters of this standard. Qiu Chuangyi, Yan Xuehua, Wu Likang, Wen Cuiju, Li Lichun, Zhu Baoli, Chen Jianxiong, Li Xudong, Zhang Zao Qin, Chen Huiqing, Zhang Ying. Guide to occupational hazard prevention and control in jewellery and jade processing industry1 ScopeThis standard specifies the basic occupational health requirements, occupational disease hazard factors identification and pre-processing of jewellery and jade (hereinafter referred to as gemstone) processing sites. Evaluation of prevention and control and occupational disease prevention and control work. This standard applies to the existence of gemstone processing workplace (including stone selection, stone cutting, grinding, engraving, blasting, drilling, polishing, furnace) Employer units such as plating and plating; not suitable for gem mining, or gemstones as an employer for industrial manufacturing purposes, but Do a good job in prevention and control of occupational hazards in accordance with the relevant provisions of this guide.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated version applies to this article. Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 11651 personal protective equipment selection specification GB/T 14776 Ergonomics job design principle and its numerical value Classification and technical conditions of GB/T 16758 exhaust hood GB/T 18664 Selection, use and maintenance of respiratory protection products GB/T 23466 hearing aid selection guide GB 50019 Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Design Code GB/T 50033 Architectural lighting design standard GB 50034 Architectural Lighting Design Standard GBZ 1 industrial enterprise design hygiene standard GBZ 2.1 Occupational exposure limits for workplace hazards Part 1. Chemically harmful factors GBZ 2.2 Occupational exposure limits for workplace hazards Part 2. Physical factors GBZ 158 workplace occupational hazard warning sign GBZ 188 Occupational Health Monitoring Technical Specifications GBZ /T 194 Code of Practice for Preventing Occupational Poisoning Health Engineering in Workplaces GBZ /T 195 organic solvent workplace personal occupational disease protective equipment use specification GBZ /T 203 High-toxic goods operation post occupational disease hazard notification specification GBZ /T 204 Guide to occupational hazards in high-toxicity jobs GBZ /T 225 Employer's Guide to Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases GBZ /T 229.1 Classification of occupational hazards in the workplace - Part 1. Productive dust GBZ /T 229.2 Classification of workplace occupational hazards - Part 2. Chemicals GBZ /T 229.3 Workplace occupational hazard operation classification Part 3. High temperature3 Terms and definitionsThe following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 Gem gems Magnesia, hard, durable, rare, mineral or rock that can be honed and carved into jewelry and crafts, including natural and artificial Become a gem. 3.2 Natural gem processing Using natural gemstones produced in nature as the main raw material, the processing and production of various patterns of jewelry and handicrafts are processed. However, it does not include industrial processing techniques in which other types of manufacturing use natural gemstones for industrial use. 3.3 Artificial gems processing Artificial gems that are wholly or partially produced or manufactured by hand are used as the main raw materials (including synthetic gems, synthetic gems, gems and gems) Re-engineered gemstones, processing and production of various patterns of jewellery and handicrafts, but does not include other types of manufacturing Artificial gemstones are used as industrial processes for industrial applications. 3.4 Aerosol aerosol A gas dispersion formed by dispersing a solid or liquid small particle and suspending it in a gaseous medium. Cut stone for gemstone processing Power tools such as saws, grinding wheels, drill bits, etc. used in the production process of grinding, grinding (grinding, grinding, grinding), engraving, blasting, punching, etc. The mist that splashes during high-speed operation forms an aerosol with fine dust particles that can be suspended in the workplace air for a long time. 3.5 Local exhaust hood It is installed at the toxic and harmful source of the gem processing enterprise workplace, and is used to capture and control the ventilation components of local toxic and harmful substances. 4 Employer's basic occupational health requirements 4.1 Occupational health management institutions and occupational disease prevention and control systems shall be established, and full-time or part-time occupational health management personnel shall be provided. Occupational health management personnel should receive occupational health training. 4.2 The occupational disease prevention and control work shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GBZ /T 225 and the current laws and regulations, creating a national occupational health for the workers. The working environment and conditions required by standards and health requirements. See Appendix A for occupational exposure limits for major occupational hazards in the workplace. 4.3 In accordance with GBZ 188 and current laws and regulations, laborers engaged in occupational disease hazards shall be organized before and during their employment. And the occupational health check at the time of leaving the post, and the results of the inspection are truthfully informed to the workers. Occupational health check items for various occupational hazards, See Appendix B for inspection cycles and occupational contraindications. 4.4 In the contract, the occupational disease prevention measures that should be taken during the work process of the worker and the consequences of the occupational disease should be truthfully notified. 4.5 Do not turn the cutting work (grain cutting), grinding (grinding, grinding, grinding), drilling, engraving, polishing, etc. Moved to the family workshop for processing. 4.6 If radiographic devices, radioisotopes and articles containing radioactive materials are used, they shall be in accordance with the occupational disease prevention of the People's Republic of China. The Regulations and the Regulations on the Safety and Protection of Radioisotopes and Radiation Devices are implemented.5 Identification of occupational hazards in the gem processing industry5.1 Basic production process See Appendix C for the basic production process. 5.2 Occupational disease hazard factors in gem processing industry 5.2.1 Occupational hazards in the production process 5.2.1.1 The occupational hazards of natural gemstone processing are mainly as follows. a) Dust. mainly produced in cutting, cutting (grain), grinding (grinding, grinding, grinding), engraving, drilling, polishing, etc. Production process. High-pressure airflow purging can cause dust; b) Noise. mainly for cutting, cutting (grain), grinding (grinding, grinding, grinding), engraving, drilling, polishing, etc. And the noise generated by the operation of various fans, high-pressure air ducts and valves; c) Chemical factors. mineral oil used for stone cutting machine lubrication, hydrofluoric acid used for chemical polishing, paraffin wax used in waxing process of jade Wait; d) High temperature. high temperature is generated during the waxing process of the jade. 5.2.1.2 The occupational disease hazards of artificial gemstone processing technology are mainly as follows. a) Dust. depending on the raw materials, colorants or other ingredients required for the manufacture of artificial gemstones, the types of dust present are dusty, He dust (metal oxide dust, such as zirconia, alumina, chrome oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, etc.). Mainly produced In the original (auxiliary material) preparation, furnace feeding, material feeding, grinding, round grinding, polishing and other processes. High-pressure airflow purging can lead To raise dust; b) Noise. equipment such as furnaces, grinding rigs, round mills, and noise generated by the operation of various pumps, fans, high pressure ducts and valves; c) chemical factors. lead fumes (lead dust) in furnace operation; hydrofluoric acid used in polishing; sodium hydroxide used in cleaning process; Use of sodium hydroxide, ammonia, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, gasoline and various kinds of art and painting operations. Chemical factors such as metal oxides; d) High temperature. high temperature working environment is generated by processes such as melting, row drilling and drying. 5.2.2 Occupational disease hazards in the production environment and labor process 5.2.2.1 High temperature in summer, low temperature in winter, high humidity operation, insufficient fresh air volume in closed workshops, dust, noise, and adjacent work positions Cross-contamination of chemical poisons and secondary dusting in the workplace. 5.2.2.2 Excessive labor intensity, use unreasonable tools, long sitting or standing posture and visual fatigue. 5.3 Characteristics of Occupational Disease Hazards in Gem Processing Industry 5.3.1 Dust is the most serious occupational hazard factor in the gem processing industry, and its hazard characteristics. a) high free SiO2 content; b) high exposure concentration and long contact time in workplaces and individuals; c) exists in multiple job positions and processes, and most of them are cross-contaminated; d) Dust-laden aerosols produced by wet work are suspended in the workplace air for extended periods of time. 5.3.2 Noise hazards are ubiquitous and their hazard characteristics. a) dominated by mechanical and hydrodynamic noise; b) high noise exposure levels; c) exists in multiple job positions and processes, and creates a superposition effect on each other; d) The general anti-vibration, noise-reduction and noise-reduction engineering measures are difficult to control effectively. 5.3.3 Labor-intensive production, poor production process, lack of effective occupational hazard protection facilities, and most of them use joint factory buildings. Union Intensive equipment, poor operation, cross-contamination, etc. 5.3.4 Occupational hazards in occupations. See Appendix C for major occupational hazards in different occupations. 5.4 Major health damage The health damage of gem processing operations is mainly occupations such as silicosis, occupational noise deafness, occupational chemical poisoning and chemical burns. In addition, there are occupational related diseases such as lumbar muscle strain.6 Occupational hazard factors prevention and control6.1 General principles 6.1.1 Give priority to the use of advanced production techniques, technologies and non-toxic (harmful) or low-toxic (harm) that are conducive to the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and the protection of workers. Materials that eliminate or reduce occupational hazards; those that do not meet the requirements for processes, technologies, and materials should be based on production processes and According to the provisions of GB/T 16758, GB 50019, GB/T 194, take appropriate dust, anti-virus and sound insulation Noise, heatstroke prevention and other measures to make the concentration or intensity of occupational disease hazards in the workplace meet the requirements of GBZ 2.1 and GBZ 2.2. If not If the requirements of the standard are met, it shall be in accordance with the requirements of GBZ /T 195, GB/T 11651 and GB/T 18664 according to the actual contact conditions. Workers with poisonous and hazardous positions are equipped with effective personal occupational disease protective equipment; refer to GB/T 18664, GB/T 23466 for dust masks and Hearing aid. The purchased personal occupational disease protection products shall have a production license, a labor safety mark (LA) and a certificate of conformity. 6.1.2 Lighting in the workplace should meet the requirements of GB 50033 and GB/T 50034. 6.1.3 The ergonomic design shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 14776. 6.1.4 The plant should adopt a single-storey building. If a multi-storey building is adopted, the floor arrangement must meet the following requirements. stone cutting machine, grinding machine, throwing The optical machine and the like shall be arranged on the bottom layer of the building, and the plating, product quality inspection and packaging shall be arranged on the upper floor of the building. 6.1.5 Buildings in the building shall reduce the uneven parts of the dust. The inner surface of the wall and roof is as smooth and smooth as possible and easy to clean. 6.1.6 Cut stone (engraving), sanding (blasting), punching, polishing workshop, and artificial gemstone ingredients, furnaces, grinding drills, The floor of the workshop such as polishing should be smooth and non-slip, with a slope drainage system and a setting for flushing the floor and walls. Should be cleared in time after class Clean equipment and work area to reduce secondary dust. 6.1.7 The warehouse shall be equipped with an accidental air exhaust device, the number of air changes shall not be less than 12 times/h; the setting of accident ventilation shall comply with GBZ /T 194 Requirements. Hydrofluoric acid should be stored in a dedicated warehouse. Hydrofluoric acid reacts with most metals to form hydrogen gas that causes an explosion, so It should be stored separately from alkalis, active metal powders, and glass products. Inadvertent contact with hydrofluoric acid in the skin or eyes, should use a lot of flowing water Rinse, seek medical attention after washing for at least 15 minutes. 6.1.8 Showers and eyewash devices should be installed near workplaces using acid and alkali chemicals, and uninterrupted water supply equipment should be provided. Shower The principle of setting the eyewash is to ensure that the operator can get flushed within 10s when the accident occurs. Set the place for showering and eye wash When there is a clear logo, it is easy to find. Flushing facilities should be regularly maintained to ensure proper operation. 6.1.9 There should be a workshop lounge. The lounge should be kept away from high temperature, noise and dust jobs, and clean water facilities. 6.1.10 Sanitary facilities such as locker rooms, lockers, bathrooms should be installed in the workplace. The design of the auxiliary room should meet the requirements of GBZ 1 begging. 6.1.11 It is not advisable to eat and smoke in the workplace. 6.2 Natural gem processing 6.2.1 Stone yard 6.2.1.1 Stones should not be piled too high to avoid personal injury caused by falling stones. 6.2.1.2 Handling large gemstones should be correct to avoid lumbar muscle strain. 6.2.1.3 It is advisable to use mechanical work to transport large pieces of gems ( >50kg). 6.2.1.4 The ground of the site should be kept clean, easy to flush, and reduce secondary dust. Clean at least once a week. 6.2.2 Cutting (choosing stone) 6.2.2.1 The saw used for the opening shall be fitted with a dust cover. 6.2.2.2 Try to use a low noise saw with noise less than 80dB (A weighting). 6.2.2.3 The design of the workshop of the cutting workshop shall be more than 3.5m, and the density of equipment layout shall be minimized. 6.2.2.4 The sweeper shall be provided with a cushion and a shock absorbing seam. 6.2.2.5 The material-opening workshop is suitable for single-storey buildings or for the bottom of buildings. 6.2.2.6 Set warning signs for dust and noise in a conspicuous position in the workplace. The warning sign setting should meet the requirements of GBZ 158. 6.2.2.7 The operator should select and wear dust masks and hearing aids according to the dust concentration and noise level measured at the workplace. 6.2.2.8 The floor should be kept clean and easy to flush. Clean equipment and work area daily. 6.2.3 Cut stone 6.2.3.1 The stone cutter shall be fitted with a partial exhaust hood. See Appendix D for the design and installation principles of the partial exhaust hood. 6.2.3.2 Try to use a low-noise stone cutter with noise less than 80dB (A-weighted). 6.2.3.3 The stone cutter should be equipped with a cushion and a shock absorbing seam. 6.2.3.4 The design height of the stone cutting plant should exceed 3.5m, and the layout density of the stone cutting machine should be minimized. 6.2.3.5 The stone cutting workshop shall be a single-storey factory or placed on the ground floor of the building. 6.2.3.6 Set the noise and dust warning signs in the conspicuous position in the workplace. The setting of the warning signs shall comply with the requirements of GBZ 158. 6.2.3.7 The operator shall select and wear dust masks and hearing aids according to the dust concentration and noise level measured at the workplace, and Equipped with goggles. 6.2.3.8 The floor should be kept clean and easy to flush. Clean equipment and work area daily. 6.2.4 Engraving 6.2.4.1 Engraving operations shall be carried out on a workbench with local ventilation facilities as close as possible to the dust source. Partial exhaust hood Design and installation should meet the requirements of GB/T 16758. 6.2.4.2 Try to use low-noise engraving equipment with noise less than 80dB (A-weighted). 6.2.4.3 Engraving work surface lighting shall meet the requirements of GB 50033 and GB/T 50034, and the minimum value of side lighting coefficient (Cmin) For 5 Cmin (%), the standard illumination value is 750 lx. 6.2.4.4 Set the noise and dust warning signs in the conspicuous position in the workplace; the setting o......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GBZT285-2016_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GBZT285-2016_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 3 ~ 5 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GBZT285-2016_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. 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