GBZ17-2015 English PDFUS$149.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 3 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GBZ17-2015: Diagnosis of occupational cadmium poisoning Status: Valid GBZ17: Historical versions
Basic dataStandard ID: GBZ 17-2015 (GBZ17-2015)Description (Translated English): Diagnosis of occupational cadmium poisoning Sector / Industry: National Standard Classification of Chinese Standard: C60 Classification of International Standard: 13.1 Word Count Estimation: 7,744 Date of Issue: 2015-12-15 Date of Implementation: 2016-05-01 Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GBZ 17-2002 Quoted Standard: GB/T 16180; GBZ 73; WS/T 32; WS/T 34; WS/T 97 Regulation (derived from): State-Health-Communication (2015)22 Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Summary: This standard specifies the occupational cadmium poisoning diagnosis and treatment principles. This standard applies to occupational exposure to cadmium and its compounds cause poisoning diagnosis and treatment. GBZ17-2002: Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Cadmium Poisoning---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.Diagnostic Criteria of Occupational Cadmium Poisoning ICS 13.100 C60 GBZ People's Republic of China National Occupational Health Standards Diagnostic criteria for occupational cadmium poisoning Released in.2002-04-08 2002-06-01 Implementation Issued by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China ForewordArticle 6.1 of this standard is recommended and the remainder is mandatory. According to the "People's Republic of China Occupational Disease Prevention Law" to develop this standard. Since the implementation of this standard date, the original standard GB 7803-1987 And this standard is inconsistent with this standard shall prevail. Acute and chronic poisoning can occur in occupational activities that are exposed to cadmium and its compounds. To protect the health of the contact person, effectively Prevention and control of cadmium poisoning, has released GB 7803-1987. The revised standard will be acute cadmium poisoning is divided into light, medium and heavy three to guide the clinical first aid work; chronic cadmium poisoning urinary cadmium and Urine β2-microglobulin diagnostic value to creatinine correction of a unit that delete the current is not commonly used urine protein electrophoresis examination indicators, Increased urinary retinol binding protein determination of indicators, so that the diagnosis of chronic mild cadmium poisoning more reasonable and easy to grasp. When prolonged exposure to cadmium Compounds of the workers urine β2-microglobulin and/or retinol binding protein abnormal increase, excluding other causes, can be diagnosed as mild cadmium Poisoning; when the emergence of chronic renal insufficiency, may be associated with osteoporosis, osteomalacia, the diagnosis of chronic severe poisoning. Appendix A to this standard is an informative appendix. This standard is proposed and centralized by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. This standard by the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention of occupational health and poisoning control is responsible for drafting, to participate in the drafting of the Peking University Three hospitals, Xinxiang City Institute of Occupational Disease Control and Zhuzhou smelter workers hospital. This standard is interpreted by the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. Diagnostic criteria for occupational cadmium poisoning Occupational cadmium poisoning is mainly inhaled cadmium compounds smoke, dust caused by the disease. Acute poisoning to the respiratory system as the main performance; Chronic poisoning caused by renal tubular lesions of the main kidney damage, can also cause changes in other organs.1 ScopeThis standard specifies the principle of occupational cadmium poisoning diagnosis and treatment. This standard applies to occupational exposure to cadmium compounds smoke, dust and the occurrence of acute and chronic poisoning, the standard chronic poisoning part of the non- Occupational poisoning diagnosis and treatment can also refer to the implementation.2 normative reference documentsThe terms of the following documents are hereby incorporated by reference into this standard. Whichever is the reference to the date of the document Some amendments (excluding corrigenda) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, to encourage agreement under this standard The parties study whether the latest versions of these files can be used. For undated references, the latest edition applies to this standard. Identification of Occupational Injury and Occupational Disease Disability in Staff and Workers GB/T 16180 GBZ 73 Occupational acute chemicals - Criteria for the diagnosis of toxic respiratory diseases GBZ 48 metal smoke and heat diagnostic criteria Determination of Cadmium in Urine by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Determination of Cadmium in Urine by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Determination of Cadmium in Urine by Differential Potentiometric Determination Determination of cadmium in blood of WS/T 34 by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry Method for determination of creatine spectrophotometry in urine3 diagnostic principlesAccording to a short period of high concentration or long-term close occupational exposure history, respectively, to the respiratory system or kidney damage-based clinical manifestations and urine Cadmium determination, reference to the scene of health survey data, the differential diagnosis of other similar diseases, can be made acute or chronic cadmium poisoning diagnosis.4 observation objectUrinary cadmium determination twice in 5μmol/mol creatinine (5μg/g creatinine) above, there is no clinical manifestations of chronic cadmium poisoning.5 Diagnostic and grading standardsChronic cadmium poisoning 5.1.1 Chronic mild poisoning In addition to increased urinary cadmium, may have dizziness, fatigue, olfactory disorder, back and limb pain and other symptoms, laboratory tests found that the following What changes can be diagnosed as chronic mild cadmium poisoning. a) urine β2-microglobulin content of 9.6μmol/mol creatinine (1000μg/g creatinine) above; b) urinary retinol binding protein content of 5.1μmol/mol creatinine (1000μg/g creatinine) above. 5.1.2 chronic severe poisoning In addition to chronic mild poisoning performance, the emergence of chronic renal insufficiency, may be associated with osteoporosis, osteomalacia. 5.2 Acute cadmium poisoning 5.2.1 acute mild poisoning Short time inhalation of high concentrations of cadmium oxide dust, in a few hours or 1 day after the cough, sputum, chest tightness, etc., the two lungs Rough, or may have scattered dry, wet rales, chest X-ray performance for the increase in lung texture, thickening, extension, in line with acute trachea - bronchial Inflammation or acute bronchial inflammation. 5.2.2 acute moderate poisoning Has one of the following manifestations. a) acute pneumonia; b) acute interstitial pulmonary edema. 5.2.3 acute severe poisoning Has one of the following manifestations. a) acute alveolar pulmonary edema; b) acute respiratory distress syndrome.6 Principles of handling6.1 Principles of treatment 6.1.1 Chronic poisoning To symptomatic support treatment. 6.1.2 acute poisoning Should be quickly out of the scene, keep quiet and bed rest. First aid principle and medical the same, depending on the disease need to give early short-range large agent Amount of glucocorticoid. 6.2 Other treatments 6.2.1 Observe objects Should be closely observed, review once a year. 6.2.2 chronic cadmium poisoning Should be transferred from contact with cadmium and other harmful operations. Mild poisoning patients can engage in other work; severe poisoning patients should be appropriate according to the disease Arrange a break or a full break. Need to carry out the ability to identify workers, according to GB/T 16180 treatment. 6.2.3 acute cadmium poisoning Mild poisoning patients recovered, the general break 1 to 2 weeks to work. Severe poisoning in patients with rest time may be appropriate to extend.7 Correctly use the instructions in this standardSee Appendix A (informative).Appendix A(Informative) Correctly use the instructions in this standard A.1 This standard applies to various occupational exposure to cadmium and its compounds such as metal cadmium and cadmium alloy smelting, welding, nickel-cadmium batteries Manufacturing, pigment manufacturing, metal surface cadmium and so on. Gastrointestinal intake caused by chronic cadmium poisoning is also mainly caused by kidney damage, so this standard Of the chronic poisoning part of the diagnosis and treatment of non-occupational poisoning can also refer to the use. A.2 contact with cadmium oxide smoke caused by the diagnosis and treatment of metal smoke can refer to GBZ 48, which should be associated with acute cadmium poisoning caused by chemical Tracheal bronchitis or bronchial inflammation, and vigilance to the occurrence of chemical pneumonia and pulmonary edema See GBZ 73. A.3 acute moderate and severe cadmium poisoning patients may have liver and kidney damage, but in the liver, kidney damage before the general has been significantly lung damage table Now, so the liver, kidney damage is not included in the diagnosis and classification of acute poisoning basis. A.4 urinary cadmium is mainly related to cadmium loading and cadmium concentration in the body, and can be used as biomarkers for occupational cadmium exposure and cadmium uptake. according to Investigation, when the urine cadmium 5 ~ 10μmol/mol creatinine, renal tubular abnormalities of the prevalence rate of up to 5% to 20%, so to 5μmol/mol Creatinine urinary cadmium as the current workers in the diagnosis of chronic cadmium poisoning lower limit. Chronic cadmium poisoning, urinary cadmium is usually more than this value, out of contact The longer may be reduced, but should be higher than the local normal reference ceiling. A.5 Urine cadmium determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (WS/T 31), graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (WS/T 32), differential electrical (WS/T 33), etc., this standard is not forcibly provided, depending on the conditions, depending on the conditions, choose one. A.6 blood cadmium mainly reflects the recent exposure. Since the quantitative relationship between the recent uptake of cadmium and the concentration of blood cadmium can not be established, Cadmium and renal dysfunction in the dose-response relationship data far less than urinary cadmium, therefore, not the blood of cadmium as the standard of chronic cadmium poisoning diagnosis index. However, in the acute cadmium poisoning, blood cadmium can be used as excessive exposure to cadmium evidence. Determination of Cadmium by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectral Method can refer to WS/T 34. A.7 chronic cadmium poisoning in addition to the performance of kidney damage, but also involving other organs, but less common, and lack of specificity, so the diagnosis According to kidney damage. A.8 In the chronic kidney damage of cadmium poisoning, recognized early changes are mainly proximal tubules reabsorption dysfunction, so this standard to Renal tubular proteinuria is the starting point for diagnosis. The main diagnosis is based on urine β2-microglobulin, retinol binding protein and other low molecular weight Protein excretion increased. Determination of urinary β2-microglobulin and retinol-binding proteins are mainly radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Species, depending on their own conditions, choose one. A.9 urinary cadmium, urine β2-microglobulin and retinol binding protein determination of multi-point sampling specimens, susceptible to urine dilution, The concentration of the test substance in urine should be corrected with urinary creatinine (see WS/T 97 for determination). The creatinine concentration is less than 0.3g/L or greater than 3.0g/L urine samples should be re-urine test. A.10 disease development to chronic renal insufficiency, may be associated with osteoporosis, bone softening, has been severe poisoning, the diagnosis and Other related clinical subjects are the same. A.11 chronic cadmium poisoning should pay attention to other causes of kidney disease, drugs and other industrial poison poisoning, spilled protein Urine, Wilson disease, idiopathic Fanconi syndrome, malnutrition caused by osteoporosis and softening and other diseases identified. A.12 acute and chronic cadmium poisoning are symptomatic support treatment. As the calcium phosphate is not significant effect, in the chronic poisoning Can cause cadmium in the body redistribution, the kidney cadmium accumulation increased, increased kidney disease, and thus more than do not advocate with calcium Sodium and other drugs. ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GBZ17-2015_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GBZ17-2015_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. 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