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GB/T 7247.14-2025 English PDF

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GB/T 7247.14-2025: Safety of laser products - Part 14: A user's guide
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GB/T 7247.14: Historical versions

Standard IDUSDBUY PDFLead-DaysStandard Title (Description)Status
GB/T 7247.14-20251794 Add to Cart 10 days Safety of laser products - Part 14: A user's guide Valid
GB/T 7247.14-20121434 Add to Cart 5 days Safety of laser products -- Part 14: A users guide Valid

Similar standards

GB/T 7247.8   GB/T 7247.5   GB/T 7247.13   

Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 7247.14-2025 (GB/T7247.14-2025)
Description (Translated English): Safety of laser products - Part 14: A user's guide
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: L51
Classification of International Standard: 31.260
Word Count Estimation: 90,945
Date of Issue: 2025-08-01
Date of Implementation: 2026-02-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB/T 7247.14-2012
Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, Standardization Administration of China

GB/T 7247.14-2025: Safety of laser products - Part 14: A user's guide

---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT7247.14-2025
ICS 31.260 CCSL51 National Standard of the People's Republic of China Replaces GB/T 7247.14-2012 Safety of Laser Products Part 14.User's Guide (IEC TR60825-14.2022, IDT) Released on August 1, 2025 Implementation on February 1, 2026 State Administration for Market Regulation The National Standardization Administration issued

Table of Contents

Preface V Introduction VII 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 1 3.1 Terms and Definitions 1 3.2 Symbol 2 4 Management Policy 3 4.1 Safety Responsibility 3 4.2 Laser Safety Consultant 3 4.3 Laser Safety Officer 4 4.4 Information and training 4 4.5 Competence Level 4 4.6 Training Requirements 7 4.7 Authentication 7 5 Laser Radiation Hazards 7 5.1 Laser Products 7 5.2 Laser irradiation 12 5.3 Determining laser exposure levels 12 6 Determination of Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) 16 6.1 General instructions 16 6.2 Repetitively Pulsed or Modulated Lasers 22 6.3 Multi-wavelength 23 6.4 MPEs of Extended Light Sources 24 6.5 Hazard distance and hazard area 24 7 Associated Hazards 25 7.1 Additional health hazards 25 7.2 Hazards caused by lasers 25 7.3 Environmental hazards 27 7.4 Control of incidental hazards 28 8 Risk Assessment 28 8.1 Hazards and risks 28 8.2 Risk Assessment. Stage 1 - Identification of Potential Harms 28 8.3 Risk Assessment. Stage 2 - Assessment of Potential Harm 29 8.4 Risk Assessment. Stage 3 – Selection of Control Measures 31 9 Control Measures 31 9.1 General requirements 31 9.2 Harm Reduction 32 9.3 Hazards of enclosure 32 9.4 Damage Reduction 33 9.5 Equipment Maintenance 41 10 Safe operation and maintenance 42 11 Contingency Plan 43 11.1 Overview 43 11.2 Dealing with actual eye injuries 43 11.3 Dealing with actual skin injuries 43 11.4 Management of suspected eye injury 43 12 Incident Reporting and Accident Investigation44 13 Medical Supervision 44 Appendix A (Informative) Example of interlocking system for laser controlled area 45 A.1 Overview 45 A.2 General elements 45 Appendix B (Informative) Calculation Example 49 B.1 Overview 49 B.2 Symbols used in the examples in Appendix B 49 B.3 Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) --- Overview 49 B.4 Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) – Single Small Light Source 49 B.5 Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) – Repetitive Pulse System 50 B.6 Nominal eye hazard distance (NOHD) 52 B.7 Diffuse Reflection and Extended Light Sources 61 B.8 Eye protection 63 B.9 Compound Laser Diode Array Light Source Example 64 Appendix C (Informative) Principles of Biophysics 70 C.1 Anatomy of the Eye 70 C.2 Effects of laser radiation on biological tissues 71 C.3 MPEs and irradiance average 75 Reference 77 Figure 1.Measurement setup for obtaining a strictly defined acceptance angle. Figure 2 Safety sign combination 36 Figure 3 Laser beam warning symbol (GB 2894-2008) 36 Figure 4 Symbol for wearing protective glasses (GB 2894-2008) 37 Figure 5 Prohibited passage sign (GB 2894-2008) 37 Figure A.1 Non-locking interlock system 47 Figure A.2 Locking interlock system 48 Figure B.1 Nominal eye hazard distance 53 Figure B.2 Diagram for determining NOHD (various atmospheric attenuation coefficients of NOHD obtained without considering atmospheric attenuation) 55 Figure B.3 Three groups of laser diodes are arranged 65 Figure C.1 Anatomy of the eye 70 Figure C.2 Schematic diagram of laser radiation damage to biological tissue 71 Table 1 Default protection control measures for laser products10 Table 2 Limiting apertures for measuring irradiance and exposure 14 Table 3 Typical transmission percentages for binoculars 16 Table 4 Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of small light sources on the cornea expressed as irradiance or irradiance 17 Table 5.The radiation intensity or amount of radiation on the cornea of the extended light source with a wavelength of 400 nm to 1400 nm (retinal damage zone) Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) 18 Table 6 Maximum permissible exposures in Table 4 (C6=1) expressed in power or energy for wavelengths in the range of 400nm to 1400nm (MPE) 19 Table 7 Maximum permissible exposure in Table 5 (extended light source) expressed in power or energy for wavelengths in the range of 400nm to 1400nm (MPE) 20 Table 8 Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of laser radiation to skin 21 Table 9 Modification factors and breakpoints used in MPE assessment 21 Table 10 Upper limit of duration Ti of pulse group addition 23 Table 11 Superposition effects of radiation in different spectral regions on eyes (O) and skin (S) 24 Table 12 Laser controlled area 34 Table C.1 Summary of pathological effects of excessive light exposure 73 Table C.2 Description of measurement apertures applicable to MPEs 75 Preface This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting. This document is Part 14 of GB/T 7247 Safety of Laser Products. GB/T 7247 has been published in the following parts. --- Part 1.Equipment classification and requirements; --- Part 2.Safety of optical fiber communication systems (OFCS); --- Part 3.Guidelines for laser shows and performances; --- Part 4.Laser protection screens; --- Part 5.Producer's checklist for GB/T 7247.1; --- Part 9.Maximum permissible exposure to incoherent optical radiation; --- Part 13.Classification measurement of laser products; --- Part 14.User Guide. This document replaces GB/T 7247.14-2012 "Safety of Laser Products Part 14.User Guide" and GB/T 7247.14- Compared with.2012, in addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. a) The description “This part does not include light-emitting diodes (LEDs)” has been deleted (see 1.1 of the.2012 edition); b) Deleted 67 terms and definitions, including management control, α minimum value, receiving angle, and subtending angle (see 2.1~2.1 of the.2012 edition). 2.35,2.37~2.48,2.50,2.52~2.70); c) Added the term and definition. control measures (see 3.1.1); d) Added symbol table (see 3.2); e) Added requirements for management policy implementers. competence level, training requirements and certification content (see 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7); f) Added Class 1C laser products and corresponding annotations (see 5.1.2); g) Changed the default protection control measures for laser products (see Table 1, Table 1 of the.2012 edition); h) Added consumer laser products (see 5.1.6); i) Added content related to repetitive pulse and modulated lasers (see 6.2); j) The maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of a light source on the cornea expressed as irradiance or irradiance has been changed (see Tables 4 and 5,.2012 Tables 5 and 6 of the.2012 edition); k) Added the relevant information on the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) expressed in power or energy within the wavelength range of 400nm~1400nm Tables (see Tables 6 and 7); l) The maximum permissible exposure (MPE) of laser radiation to the skin has been changed (see Table 8, Table 7 of the.2012 edition); m) The correction factors and break points used in the MPE assessment have been changed (see Table 9, Table 8 of the.2012 edition); n) Added warning, instruction and prohibition signs and corresponding annotations for laser controlled areas (see Figures 2 to 5); o) Added emergency plan content (see Chapter 11); p) The content related to medical supervision has been modified (see Chapter 13, Chapter 11 of the.2012 edition). This document is equivalent to IEC TR60825-14.2022 "Safety of Laser Products Part 14.User Guide", the file type is IEC 's technical reports are adjusted to be my country's recommended national standards. The following minimal editorial changes have been made to this document. ---Add comments in the range; --- Add footnotes to Table 5 and Table 7; ---Edit errors occurred in B9.6, B9.7, and B9.8 of Appendix B of IEC TR60825-14.2022. The relevant data were modified based on the calculation results. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Optical Radiation Safety and Laser Equipment (SAC/TC284). This document was drafted by. Shenzhen Institute of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Suzhou Ruitie Laser Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Hanbang Lianhang Laser Technology Technology Co., Ltd., Jinan Jinweike Laser Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Kaiplin Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Han's Laser Intelligent Equipment Equipment Group Co., Ltd., Guanghui (Shanghai) Laser Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou Tianhong Laser Co., Ltd., Anhui Henai Industrial Automation Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Customs Industrial Products Testing Technology Center, China Institute of Metrology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Innovation Institute, Zhejiang Province Medical Device Inspection Institute, Shanghai Laser Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Suteng Juchuang Technology Co., Ltd., Hubei Product Quality Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Beijing Tairuite Testing Technology Service Co., Ltd., Wuhan Huagong Laser Engineering Co., Ltd., China Electronics Science and Technology The 11th Research Institute of Technology Group Corporation, Beijing Jingyi Optoelectronic Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou CESI Standard Testing Institute Co., Ltd., Intelligent Manufacturing Institute of Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen Han's CNC Technology Co., Ltd., Anhui Hongchang Mechanical and Electrical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd., China Electronics Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangxi Provincial Inspection and Certification Institute Industrial Products Inspection and Testing Institute, Beijing University of Technology, German-Chinese (Tianjin) Technology Technology Development Co., Ltd., Anhui Huachuang Hongdu Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Mingchuang Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Ospree Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd. Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Wanzhishang Technology Co., Ltd., Yantai Enbang Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Dawei Technology (Guangdong) Co., Ltd. company. The main drafters of this document are. Li Xiangzhao, Li Zhenguang, Liu Jianye, Jiang Xifeng, Chen Xiaohua, Hu Rui, Ding Jianwu, Jin Chaolong, Zhang Di, Suo Yanyan, Deng Yuqiang, Cheng Wang, Li Min, Zhang Lingling, Yang Yang, Fu Chiwei, Du Lan, Yang Guoji, Si Jiameng, Gao Hongwei, Li Ting, Sun Yutong, Li Shao, Huang Shenghua, Si Weizheng, Wang Shouqiao, Wang Shuqiao, Sheng Liwen, Tong Lixia, Chen Hong, Qu Yuanpeng, Shu Qingbang, Li Jinning, Shi Zhong, Wang Pin, Yu Zhaolei, He Gang, Li Jiuxi, Yu Jiang, Gao Wenhua, Wang Xiuli, Zhao Juyun, and Cao Yanyan. The previous versions of this document and the documents it replaces are as follows. ---First published in.2012 as GB/T 7247.14-2012; ---This is the first revision.

introduction

The provisions established in this document are intended to help users of laser products and their manufacturers understand the general principles of safety management, identify possible hazards, evaluate Assess the potential for harm and establish and implement appropriate control measures. Although the guidance given in this document is mainly aimed at the expected establishment of safety Management system organizations, but it can be applied by anyone who uses lasers. Laser control measures vary widely, depending on the type of laser equipment used, the task or process to be performed, and the nature of the equipment. The specific requirements for certain laser applications are given in other documents of the GB/T 7247 series. The expressions "reasonably foreseeable" and "reasonably foreseeable" used in this document relate to certain specific events, locations, circumstances or conditions. It is the responsibility of those who prepare this document to determine and make a judgement on what is “reasonably foreseeable” in accordance with the risk assessment criteria and to be able to provide appropriate protection. Protective measures. The laser "users" mentioned in the document include not only those who actually use the laser equipment, but also those who have safety responsibilities. In order to make it easier to understand the use of laser products and correctly apply the relevant content, this document also provides the laser controlled area interlocking system (attached Appendix A), Examples of Calculation of Maximum Permissible Exposure (Appendix B), and Principles of Laser Biophysics (Appendix C). Relevant products in the domestic market shall comply with the labeling section of GB 44703. GB/T 7247 “Laser Product Safety” is intended to consist of the following parts. --- Part 1.Equipment classification and requirements. Due to the wide range of wavelength, energy and pulse characteristics of laser beams, When using laser products, the degree of potential hazards varies greatly, and it is not possible to simply classify laser products using a unified safety limit. Evaluate the classification system of optical radiation hazards of devices and laser products and determine control measures. --- Part 2.Safety of optical fiber communication systems (OFCS). Based on the safety of optical fiber communication systems (OFCS) under reasonably foreseeable fault conditions [such as cable breakage, optical fiber... The level is divided according to the degree of exposure to optical radiation in the event of loose (disconnected) fiber connectors, etc. The corresponding hazard level of accessible locations is specified based on the hazard characteristics to determine the equivalent safety protection measures. --- Part 3.Guide to laser shows and performances. For use in theater projections, stage performances and other similar places 3B and 4 laser Any possible occurrence of laser radiation exceeding the maximum permissible exposure that may cause biological effects and hazards to human eyes and skin during laser operation The MPE analysis aims to clarify the responsibilities of on-site design, installation, operation and performance personnel, as well as risk control and evaluation. Assessment to reduce risk. --- Part 4.Laser protection screen. Aims to specify the permanent and temporary (such as maintenance and repair) Laser protection screens during the protection period and technical requirements for special laser protection screens to prevent personnel around the processing area from being exposed to laser radiation The hazards of shooting. --- Part 5.Producer's checklist for GB/T 7247.1.This is intended to provide a reference checklist to ensure that Verify whether the product complies with the classification and requirements of GB/T 7247.1 for equipment, and enhance the enforceability and Operability. --- Part 8.Guidelines for the safe use of lasers on the human body. Aims to guide how to incorporate the safe use of lasers into medical laser practice, Establish safety procedures, preventive measures and personnel control measures, strengthen the establishment of a systematic safety framework for all personnel involved in the use of lasers The necessity of a framework and training. --- Part 9.Maximum permissible exposure to incoherent optical radiation. This is intended to give the maximum permissible exposure to artificial light sources with a wavelength of 180nm to 3000nm that can be used to illuminate the human eye. MPE limits for controlling light radiation exposure when applied to the skin. --- Part 12.Security of free-space optical communication systems (FSOCSs) for information transmission. Aims to give 180nm~ Manufacturing guide for laser products and systems for point-to-point or point-to-multipoint free-space optical data transmission in the 1mm wavelength range South, and safe use requirements to protect people from the potentially dangerous optical radiation produced by FSOCSs. --- Part 13.Classification measurement of laser products. Aims to give the emission level of laser output energy in accordance with GB/T 7247.1 Measurement and analysis methods give guidance on the classification of laser products. --- Part 14.User Guide. It puts forward requirements for users to use laser products exceeding Class 1 and Class 2, aiming to help users Product users and their manufacturers understand the general principles of safety management, identify possible hazards, assess the severity of potential hazards, establish and Provide appropriate control measures. --- Part 17.Safety of passive optical components and cables used in high optical power optical fiber communication systems. For high optical powers above Class 3B operated in the environment, safety precautions for thermal effects, optomechanical effects and related effects are given. To prevent and protect other safety problems that may be caused to connectors, etc. --- Part 18.Transmission system guide. Aims to specify the layout, installation and use requirements of light guide systems, including free space laser Transmission and fiber optic transmission, protective measures implemented to protect personnel from laser radiation hazards, and risk assessment methods. --- Part 19.Mobile platform laser products. This section aims to provide the following information for laser products mounted on mobile platforms. The velocity-dependent closest achievable position (VCPHA) is used to assess laser hazards to avoid overshooting while ensuring safety. The laser hazard is rigorously evaluated and precautions for applying this condition are given. --- Part 20.Safety requirements for laser radiation from products intended to expose the eyes or face. Intended to consider direct exposure to the face or eye area Possible failure of consumer Class 1 laser products (such as facial or retina/iris recognition, AR/VR/MR glasses/headsets, etc.) The FMEA method focuses on safety and provides requirements based on risk analysis to reduce the risk of product failure. Failure may occur at any time during the service life, causing potential damage to the eyes and face. --- Part 21.Automatic Emission Control (AEC). Aims to address the issues that manufacturers may encounter when incorporating Automatic Emission Control (AEC) into their laser products. products, so as to reduce the hazards of light radiation and produce better performance products under unprotected conditions; The requirements and methods that can be used to determine hazard classifications and verify that they operate as intended should be provided. Safety of Laser Products Part 14.User's Guide

1 Scope

This document provides the best guidance for the safe use of laser products in accordance with GB/T 7247.1-2024.The term "laser" used in this document is The terms "product" and "laser equipment" refer to any device, component or system that produces optical radiation by stimulated emission of light. Class 1 laser products generally do not produce beam hazards, and Class 2 and 3R products produce only minimal hazards. The further protective measures described in this document are for Category 1, Category 2 and Category 3R Laser-like products are not required. Note. For product labeling for the Chinese market, see GB 44703. This document empha......
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