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GB/T 5378-2025: Methods of road test for motorcycles and mopeds Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 5378: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 5378-2025: Methods of road test for motorcycles and mopeds---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT5378-2025GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.140 CCS T 80 Replacing GB/T 5378-2008 Methods of road test for motorcycles and mopeds Issued on: JUNE 30, 2025 Implemented on: JANUARY 01, 2026 Issued by. Status Administration for Market Regulation; National Standardization Administration. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Terms and definitions... 6 4 Requirements for test preparation... 6 5 Performance test methods with mandatory requirements... 11 6 Starting performance test method... 12 7 Speedometer calibration method... 13 8 Maximum speed test method... 16 9 Minimum steady speed test method... 18 10 Acceleration performance test method... 19 11 Coasting distance test method... 22 12 Gradeability test method... 22 13 Parking performance test method... 24 14 Maximum roll angle test method for three-wheeled motorcycle... 26 Appendix A (Informative) Format of test record sheet... 28 Methods of road test for motorcycles and mopeds1 ScopeThis document specifies the test preparation requirements for road tests of motorcycles and mopeds; describes various performance test methods. This document applies to road tests of motorcycles and mopeds (hereinafter referred to as "motorcycles"). This document does not apply to road tests of racing motorcycles.2 Normative referencesThe contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative references. For referenced documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to those dates apply to this document; for referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) apply to this document. GB/T 1184-1996 Geometrical tolerancing - Geometrical tolerance for features without individual tolerance indications GB/T 5359.1 Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 1.Types of motorcycles GB/T 5359.2 Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 2.Performance of motorcycles GB/T 5359.3 Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 3.Dimensions of motorcycle with two and three wheels GB/T 5359.4 Term for motorcycles and mopeds - Part 4.Mass of motorcycle with two and three wheels GB/T 5373 Measuring method of dimensions and masses parameter for motorcycles and mopeds GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values and expression and judgement of limiting values GB 16169 Limit and measurement method of noise emitted by accelerating motorcycles and mopeds GB 20073 Performance and measurement method for braking of motorcycles and mopeds GB/T 24156 Electric motorcycles and electric mopeds - Power performance - Test methods3 Terms and definitionsTerms and definitions defined in GB/T 5359.1, GB/T 5359.2, GB/T 5359.3, GB/T 5359.4, GB/T 24156 apply to this document.4 Requirements for test preparation4.1 Pre-test preparation 4.1.1 Inspection and adjustment of the test motorcycle 4.1.1.1 The test motorcycle must be accompanied by operating and maintenance instructions or accompanying technical documentation. 4.1.1.2 Check the test motorcycle's manufacturer name, designation, model, motorcycle identification number, engine number or motor number, motor controller information, power battery model and quantity,; record them in the test record form specified in Appendix A. 4.1.1.3 Inspect the assembly mass and integrity of all assemblies, components, accessories of the test motorcycle; check for visible damage to exposed parts; ensure that all onboard tools are complete. Check the tightness of key fasteners, the lubrication (grease) filling and sealing conditions of all lubrication points, the proper operation of the electrical system, the proper operation of all control and braking systems in accordance with the operating and maintenance instructions or the motorcycle's accompanying technical documentation. 4.1.1.4 Adjust the test motorcycle in accordance with the operating and maintenance instructions or the motorcycle's accompanying technical documentation, to ensure it is in normal technical condition. 4.1.2 Running-in of the test motorcycle 4.1.2.1 The test motorcycle shall be run-in on a smooth, gentle road as specified in the operating and maintenance instructions or the motorcycle's accompanying technical documentation. 4.1.2.2 During the run-in period, frequently check the tightness and working condition of all motorcycle components; make timely adjustments and troubleshoot; record any faults in detail. The run-in mileage for test motorcycles using internal combustion If necessary, the test motorcycle's dimensions and mass may be measured in accordance with GB/T 5373 before the performance test. 4.2 Test conditions 4.2.1 Test motorcycle 4.2.1.1 Motorcycles equipped with internal combustion engines 4.2.1.1.1 The designation and quantity of fuel and lubricant used in the test motorcycle shall comply with the specifications in the motorcycle's technical documentation. Only fuel and lubricant from the same batch may be used when testing various performance indicators in the same test. 4.2.1.1.2 The specifications and operating pressure of the test motorcycle's tires shall comply with the specifications in the operating and maintenance instructions or the accompanying technical documentation. The pressure error shall not exceed ±10 kPa. 4.2.1.1.3 No adjustments to the test motorcycle are permitted during the test. 4.2.1.1.4 Before each performance test, the test motorcycle shall be preheated and driven. Tests shall begin only after reaching the warm-up state specified in the operating and maintenance instructions or the accompanying technical documentation. Unless otherwise specified in the relevant documentation, the test motorcycle shall generally be driven normally for 15 minutes. Note. This does not apply to starting performance tests. 4.2.1.1.5 The load capacity of the test motorcycle shall be determined based on the test objectives. Unless otherwise specified, a two-wheeled motorcycle shall carry one driver; a sidecar motorcycle shall carry one driver and two passengers; a three-wheeled motorcycle shall be loaded to the maximum load capacity specified in the accompanying technical documentation. The total mass of the passengers and their equipment shall be 75 kg ± 5 kg. Ballast may be used in place of passengers; the ballast shall be located close to the passenger seats. 4.2.1.1.6 The impact of the on-board road tester on the axle load distribution and the resulting additional air resistance shall be minimized. Before testing, adjustments shall be made to ensure that the axle load distribution meets the requirements of the accompanying technical documentation. 4.2.1.2 Electric motorcycles 4.2.1.2.1 Before preheating the electric motorcycle, charge the battery at an ambient temperature of 20 °C ~ 30 °C using the onboard charger (if installed) or an external charger recommended by the motorcycle manufacturer (the charger model/specifications shall be recorded). A 12-hour charging period is considered complete. If the standard instrument clearly indicates that the battery is not fully charged, the maximum charging time is. 3 × manufacturer-specified battery capacity (kWh) / actual power supplied (kW). After charging is complete, drive the electric motorcycle for 2 km at 80% of the manufacturer's declared 10-minute maximum speed (v10), to preheat the motor and drivetrain. Before each performance test, the test motorcycle shall be preheated and tested only after reaching the conditions specified in the operating and maintenance instructions or accompanying technical documentation. If there are other special requirements, proceed in accordance with those requirements. Note. This does not apply to starting performance tests. 4.2.1.2.2 Electric motorcycles must meet the test conditions specified in 4.2.1.1.2, 4.2.1.1.3, 4.2.1.1.5, 4.2.1.1.6. 4.2.2 Test equipment The test equipment used is as follows. a) Tape measure. 1) 3 m in length, which has a scale interval of 0.001 m; 2) 3 m ~ 50 m in length, which has a scale interval of 0.01 m. b) Stopwatch. Class 1 accuracy, with scale interval of 0.01 s. If a stopwatch is used for timing, three stopwatches shall be used simultaneously; the measured values shall be calculated as the arithmetic mean. The deviation -- between the measured value of a single stopwatch and the arithmetic mean of the three stopwatches -- shall not exceed ±0.3 s. If the measured value of any stopwatch deviates from the arithmetic mean of the three stopwatches by more than the specified value, the measured value of that stopwatch shall be invalid; the measured values of the other two stopwatches shall be used to calculate the average. If the deviation between the measured values of two stopwatches and the arithmetic mean of the three stopwatches exceeds the specified value, the test is invalid. c) Electronic timer. Scale interval 0.1 ms. d) On-motorcycle road test instrument. e) Sound level meter. Type I, error not exceeding ±0.5 dB (A). f) Fuel consumption measuring device. Error not exceeding ±2%. g) Thermometer. Scale interval 1 °C. h) Anemometer. Measuring range 0 m/s ~ 30 m/s, error not exceeding 0.4 m/s, capable of determining wind direction. i) Barometric pressure gauge. Error not exceeding ±70 Pa. j) Hygrometer. Error not exceeding ±6%. k) Tachometer. Measuring range 30 r/min ~ 12000 r/min, error not exceeding ±0.5%. l) Tire pressure gauge. Resolution ±10 kPa. m) Inclinometer. Error not exceeding ±0.5°. n) Weighing instrument. Scale interval 0.2 kg. Other instruments that meet the above requirements are permitted. 4.2.3 Test road 4.2.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, all performance tests may be conducted on a straight asphalt or concrete road surface. The road surface shall be flat, dry, clean. 4.2.3.2 Unless otherwise specified, the test section shall be level. The longitudinal slope shall not exceed 0.5%, the transverse slope shall not exceed 3%. 4.2.4 Driver 4.2.4.1 The driver's height must be 1.75 m ± 0.05 m. The total mass of the driver and their equipment must be 75 kg ± 5 kg. 4.2.4.2 The driver must hold a license for the motorcycle type, be proficient in driving techniques, be familiar with the test methods. 4.2.4.3 The driver must be equipped with a helmet, protective glasses, a test suit, gloves, test shoes, and other necessary protective equipment. Note. This does not apply to three-wheeled motorcycles with a cab. 4.2.4.4 The driver shall sit in the prescribed driving position, with both hands on the steering wheel, feet on the pedals, arms extended. The driver shall maintain the same driving posture throughout the test. When the test motorcycle speed exceeds 120 km/h, the driver may wear the clothing and riding posture specified by the manufacturer, but must maintain effective control of the test motorcycle at all times. 4.2.5 Ambient and climatic conditions Unless otherwise specified, the ambient and climatic conditions for each performance test shall meet the following requirements. a) Temperature. 0 °C ~ 38 °C; b) Relative humidity. Not more than 95%; c) Wind speed. Average wind speed not more than 3 m/s, instantaneous wind speed not more than 5 m/s. 4.3 Value selection rules 4.3.1 The number of test repetitions shall be determined according to the test purpose. Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be conducted twice. Each test shall be conducted continuously; the arithmetic mean of each measurement data shall be taken. The deviation rate of each measurement value shall be calculated according to formula (3). When the deviation rate exceeds the specified value, the data shall be invalid and the test shall be repeated. Note. One round trip is considered as one test. Where. e - Deviation rate; A - Measurement value during "forward trip"; B - Measurement value during "return trip". 4.3.2 The rounding of values shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 8170; the number of digits to be retained shall be as specified in Table 1.5 Performance test methods with mandatory requirements5.1 Acceleration noise test shall be measured in accordance with GB 16169. 5.2 Braking performance test shall be measured in accordance with GB 20073.6 Starting performance test method6.1 Test conditions 6.1.1 The test ambient temperature must meet the following requirements. a) Normal temperature starting test. 0 °C ~ 38 °C; b) Low temperature starting test. -10 °C ± 2 °C. 6.1.2 The engine oil temperature and/or coolant (if any) temperature of the test motorcycle must not differ from the ambient temperature by more than ±2 °C during the starting test. 6.1.3 The pressure reducing valve, enrichment valve, choke (if any) of the test motorcycle may be closed or opened during the test. 6.1.4 The starting battery (if any) must be fully charged. 6.2 Test method 6.2.1 Prepare the test motorcycle for the test in accordance with the manufacturer's technical documentation. However, the motorcycle must not be started before the starting test. 6.2.2 Measure the ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, temperature of the engine oil and coolant (if any) of the test motorcycle. Measure the battery voltage before the electric starting test. 6.2.3 The test motorcycle's engine shall be started from the moment the signal is given and timed until the engine is able to run continuously. 6.2.4 For test motorcycles equipped with both manual and electric starting, starting performance tests shall be conducted for both starting methods. 6.2.5 For electric starting test motorcycles, the continuous operating time of the starting motor for each start shall be as specified in the manufacturer's technical documentation. If no specific time is specified, the continuous operating time shall not exceed 5 seconds. 6.2.6 Three attempts are permitted for each manual start and electric start (if applicable). One successful attempt is sufficient for each. 6.2.7 For each test, the test environment and test motorcycle shall meet the conditions specified in 6.1. 6.2.8 Test data and results shall be recorded in Table A.2.7 Speedometer calibration method7.1 General speedometer calibration method 7.1.1 Calibration method for speedometer speed indication 7.1.1.1 Establish a 100 m test area on the test road. Adequate auxiliary driving areas shall be provided before and after the test area. 7.1.1.2 Stabilize the speed indicator at the set speed within the auxiliary driving area, then maintain that speed through the test area. Measure the time required to pass through the test area. Make one forward trip and one return trip, taking the arithmetic mean of the actual speeds for the round trips. 7.1.1.3 Increase the set test speed in 10 km/h or 20 km/h increments from low to high, until approaching the maximum speed. Speed measurement points shall be at least 4, including the test speeds specified in Table 2.At 80% vmax, use integer multiples of 10 km/h. 7.1.1.4 Calculate the actual speed of each trip according to formula (4). Where. vs - Actual speed, in kilometers per hour (km/h); L - Length of the test area, in meters (m), which takes 100 m; t - Time required to pass through the test area, in seconds (s). 7.1.1.5 Calculate the correction rate of the speed indication value at each measuring point, according to formula (5).13 Parking performance test method13.1 Parking test of two-wheeled motorcycles 13.1.1 Parking device 13.1.1.1 Two-wheeled motorcycles shall have a brace and/or parking stand to ensure stability, when the motorcycle is parked without relying on manual support or other tools. 13.1.1.2 The brace should be installed on the left side of the motorcycle. When using a prop to park the motorcycle, the driver shall be able to operate the prop with their feet without leaving their seat. When using a parking stand, the driver shall be able to operate the stand to raise the motorcycle, either with their own force, so that both the front and rear wheels are off the ground, or only one wheel is off the ground. 13.1.1.3 When in the parked position, the prop and parking stand may only swing toward the rear of the motorcycle, toward the retracted (driving) position. The driver may use their feet to help the stand return to its original position, but the stand must not fall due to vibration during driving. 13.1.2 Test method 13.1.2.1 Place the motorcycle on the measuring platform, aligning the motorcycle's axle system with the tiltable measuring platform's coordinate system. Position the prop and parking stand in the park position to support the motorcycle. 13.1.2.2 The test motorcycle's transmission is in neutral. If the test motorcycle has a parking brake or its transmission has a park position, the parking brake is engaged. 13.1.2.3 The test motorcycle's steering wheel is in the steering lock position. If the steering wheel can be locked to the left or right, test both conditions separately. 13.1.2.4 In various support conditions, slowly rotate and tilt the platform from a horizontal position. Measure the platform's rollover angle when the test motorcycle begins to overturn or slide. This is the rollover slope of the motorcycle in that support condition. 13.1.2.5 Perform three measurements for each support condition. The difference between the maximum and minimum values in the three measurements shall not exceed 1°. 13.1.2.6 Take the arithmetic mean of the three effective values for each condition as the result for that condition. Calculated values shall be rounded to one decimal place. 13.2 Recording test data and results ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of English version of GB/T 5378-2025 be delivered?Answer: The full copy PDF of English version of GB/T 5378-2025 can be downloaded in 9 seconds, and it will also be emailed to you in 9 seconds (double mechanisms to ensure the delivery reliably), with PDF-invoice.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 5378-2025_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of GB/T 5378-2025_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually paid for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet.Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. 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