GB/T 45376-2025 English PDF

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GB/T 45376-2025: Electroforming process specification of nickel and copper
Status: Valid

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 45376-2025 (GB/T45376-2025)
Description (Translated English): Electroforming process specification of nickel and copper
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: J59
Classification of International Standard: 25.020
Word Count Estimation: 18,114
Date of Issue: 2025-03-28
Date of Implementation: 10/1/2025
Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 45376-2025: Electroforming process specification of nickel and copper

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS 25.020 CCSJ59 National Standard of the People's Republic of China Nickel and copper electroforming process specifications Released on 2025-03-28 2025-10-01 Implementation State Administration for Market Regulation The National Standardization Administration issued

Table of contents

Preface III 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and Definitions 1 4 Process requirements 2 4.1 Process 2 4.2 Mandrel preparation 2 4.3 Core mold pretreatment 2 4.4 Electroforming 3 4.5 Post-processing of electroforming 4 5 Product quality inspection 4 5.1 Alternative specimen 4 5.2 Appearance 5 5.3 Surface roughness 5 5.4 Chemical composition 5 5.5 Porosity 5 5.6 Hardness 5 5.7 Thickness 5 5.8 Internal stress 5 5.9 Binding Strength 5 5.10 Conductivity 6 5.11 Sampling 6 Appendix A (Informative) Commonly used core mold material pretreatment process 7 Appendix B (Informative) Commonly used electrolytic solutions and mechanical properties of electroforming products 9

Foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1.1-2020 "Guidelines for standardization work Part 1.Structure and drafting rules for standardization documents" Drafting. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document does not assume the responsibility for identifying patents. This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation. This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Special Processing Machine Tools (SAC/TC161). This document was drafted by. Henan Polytechnic University, China Banknote Design and Platemaking Co., Ltd., Suzhou Electrical Machine Tool Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nantong Mei Precision Electronics Co., Ltd., Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Xiamen Institute of Standardization, Dongguan Sino-Gold Etching Technology Co., Ltd., Henan Xin Chang Electric Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an Jiaotong University, Huayi Bearing Technology (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this document are. Ming Pingmei, Yan Liang, Liu Xuejing, Zhang Hao, Guo Wenhua, Wang Ying, Zhou Tao, Qu Ningsong, Wang Shaowu, Qin Ge, Wu Yue, Zhang Liangqi, Chai Xingchen, Dai Xingyue. Nickel and copper electroforming process specifications

1 Scope

This document specifies the electroforming process flow, core mold preparation, core mold pretreatment, electroforming process control and electroforming post-treatment of nickel and copper products. The operational requirements of this link are described, and the quality inspection method of electroformed products is described. This document applies to nickel and copper electroforming processes.

2 Normative references

The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this document. For referenced documents without a date, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for referenced documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to This document. GB/T 3138 Terminology for surface treatment of metals and other inorganic coatings GB/T 5270-2005 Review of test methods for adhesion strength of electrodeposited and chemically deposited metal coatings on metal substrates GB/T 6463-2005 Review of the measurement method for thickness of metal and other inorganic coatings GB/T 7220-2004 Product geometry specification (GPS) Surface structure profile method Surface roughness terminology parameters Measurement GB/T 9790-2021 Vickers and Knoop microhardness test for metallic materials, metals and other inorganic coatings GB/T 12332-2008 Nickel electroplating for metal coating engineering GB/T 12609-2005 Sampling procedures for counting inspection of electrodeposited metal coatings and related finishes GB/T 14896.1 Terminology of special processing machine tools Part 1.Basic terms GB/T 14896.6 Terminology of special processing machine tools Part 6.Other special processing machine tools GB/T 31563-2015 Metal coating thickness measurement scanning electron microscope method GB/T 32791-2016 Eddy current test method for electrical conductivity of copper and copper alloys

3 Terms and definitions

The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3138, GB/T 14896.1 and GB/T 14896.6 and the following apply to this document. 3.1 Electroforming A processing method that uses the principle of electrochemical cathode deposition to manufacture structures or parts. 3.2 Mandrel A mold used to replicate a structure or shape during electroforming. 3.2.1 reusable mandrel A core mold that can be used repeatedly. 3.2.2 Disposable mandrel A core mold that loses its original function after being used once. ......

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