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GB/T 35085-2018 English PDF

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GB/T 35085-2018: Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials -- Vickers and Knoop Hardness testing of joints welded by laser and electron beam
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GB/T 35085-2018359 Add to Cart 4 days Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials -- Vickers and Knoop Hardness testing of joints welded by laser and electron beam Valid

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 35085-2018 (GB/T35085-2018)
Description (Translated English): Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials -- Vickers and Knoop Hardness testing of joints welded by laser and electron beam
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: J33
Classification of International Standard: 25.160.40
Word Count Estimation: 18,168
Date of Issue: 2018-05-14
Date of Implementation: 2018-12-01
Regulation (derived from): National Standards Announcement No. 6 of 2018
Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 35085-2018: Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials -- Vickers and Knoop Hardness testing of joints welded by laser and electron beam


---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials--Vickers and Knoop Hardness testing of joints by laser and electron beam ICS 25.160.40 J33 National Standards of People's Republic of China Metal material weld destructive test laser and Vickers and Knoop hardness test of electron beam welded joints [ISO 22826.2005, Destructivetestsonweldsinmetalicmaterials- (VickersandKnoophardnesstests), MOD] Published on.2018-05-14 2018-12-01 implementation State market supervision and administration China National Standardization Administration issued

Content

Foreword I 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 General 1 4 Symbols and Description 2 5 sample preparation 2 6 Test procedure 2 6.1 General 2 6.2 Test Type 3 6.3 Test position requirements 3 6.4 point test (E type test) 5 6.5 line test (R type test) 7 7 test results 9 8 Test report 9 Appendix A (informative appendix) Selection of test force 11 Appendix B (informative) Welding joint point test (E type test) hardness test report example 13 Appendix C (informative) Welding joint line test (R type test) hardness test report example 14 Reference 15

Foreword

This standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard uses the redrafting method to modify the use of ISO 22826.2005 "destructive testing of metallic materials laser and electron beam welding Head Vickers and Knoop hardness test. The technical differences between this standard and ISO 22826.2005 and their reasons are as follows. ---About the normative reference documents, this standard has made technical adjustments to adapt to China's technical conditions, adjustments The situation is reflected in Chapter 2, “Regulatory References”, and the specific adjustments are as follows. ● Replace ISO 6507 (all parts) with GB/T 4340 (all parts), the degree of consistency between the two parts as follows. GB/T 4340.1-2009 Vickers hardness test for metallic materials - Part 1. Test methods (ISO 6507-1. 2005, MOD); GB/T 4340.2-2012 Vickers hardness test for metallic materials - Part 2. Examination and calibration of durometer (ISO 6507-2.2005, MOD); GB/T 4340.3-2012 Vickers hardness test for metallic materials - Part 3. Calibration of standard hardness blocks (ISO 6507-3.2005, MOD). ● The original ISO 4545, ISO 4546, ISO 4547, ISO 10250 have been ISO 4545-1, ISO 4545-2, Replaced by ISO 4545-3 and ISO 4545-4, this standard replaces ISO 4545 with GB/T 18449 (all parts) (all departments) Points), the degree of consistency between the two parts of the standard is as follows. GB/T 18449.1-2009 Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 1. Test method (ISO 4545-1. 2005, MOD); GB/T 18449.2-2012 Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 2. Examination and calibration of durometer (ISO 4545-2.2005, MOD); GB/T 18449.3-2012 Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 3. Calibration of standard hardness blocks (ISO 4545-3.2005, MOD); GB/T 18449.4-2009 Metallic materials Knoop hardness test Part 4. Hardness value table (ISO 4545-4. 2005, IDT). ● Replace ISO /T R16060 with GB/T 26956. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Welding Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC55). This standard was drafted. Shanghai Materials Research Institute, Shanghai Laser Technology Research Institute, Harbin Welding Research Institute Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard. Yan Lianna, Wang Bin, Zhang Wei, Wang Jianchao, Su Jinhua, Chen Mo, Wang Chunliang. Metal material weld destructive test laser and Vickers and Knoop hardness test of electron beam welded joints

1 Scope

This standard specifies the Vickers and Knoop hardness tests for the cross section of laser and electron beam narrow welds of metallic materials. The Vickers hardness test force specified in this standard is usually 0.098N~≤98N (HV0.01~≤HV10), Knoop hardness test The force range is usually no more than 9.8N (HK1). This standard applies to the hardness test of weld specimens with or without filler wire. This standard does not apply to hardness testing using laser/arc composite wide weld samples. The hardness test of non-narrow welds is carried out according to GB/T 2654 and GB/T 27552.

2 Normative references

The following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article. Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 4340.1 Vickers hardness test for metallic materials - Part 1. Test methods (GB/T 4340.1-2009, ISO 6507- 1.2005, MOD) GB/T 4340.2 Vickers hardness test for metallic materials - Part 2. Examination and calibration of hardness testers (GB/T 4340.2-2012, ISO 6507-2.2005, MOD) GB/T 4340.3 Vickers hardness test for metallic materials - Part 3. Calibration of standard hardness blocks (GB/T 4340.3-2012, ISO 6507-3.2005, MOD) GB/T 18449.1 Metallic materials - Knoop hardness test - Part 1. Test methods (GB/T 18449.1-2009, ISO 4545-1.2005, MOD) GB/T 18449.2 Knoop hardness test for metallic materials - Part 2. Examination and calibration of hardness testers (GB/T 18449.2- 2012, ISO 4545-2.2005, MOD) GB/T 18449.3 Knoop hardness test for metallic materials - Part 3. Calibration of standard hardness blocks (GB/T 18449.3-2012, ISO 4545-3.2005, MOD) GB/T 18449.4 Metallic material Knoop hardness test - Part 4. Hardness value table (GB/T 18449.4-2009, ISO 4545-4.2005, IDT) GB/T 26956 Metallic material weld destructive test for macroscopic and microscopic inspection of etchant (GB/T 26956-2011, ISO /T R16060.2003, IDT)

3 General

The Vickers hardness test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 4340.1~GB/T 4340.3, and the Knoop hardness test shall be in accordance with GB/T 18449.1~ GB/T 18449.3 is required. The hardness test is used to determine the hardness of the base metal on both sides of the weld (including the case where the base metal is different metal materials), the heat affected zone and the weld. value. The hardness value can be obtained by a point test (E type test) or a line test (R type test). Point test (E type test) is a test point for one Or a set of test types, the line test (R type test) is the test type of the test point on a straight line. The test should be carried out at (23 ± 5) °C. If the test temperature is outside this range, it should be noted in the report. The results of the microhardness test are susceptible to vibration, so the test should be carried out in the absence of vibration.

4 symbols and instructions

Symbols and descriptions are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Symbols and description Symbol description unit HAZ heat affected zone - HV Vickers hardness* HK Knoop hardness** L Distance between two adjacent indentation centers mm Recommended distance between adjacent two indentation centers during MR test W Distance between the center of the indentation of the heat affected zone and the fusion line mm dV Vickers hardness test indentation diagonal length mm dKL Knoop hardness test indentation long diagonal length mm dKS Knoop hardness test indentation short diagonal length mm h Weld penetration depth mm t sample thickness mm * See GB/T 4340. ** See GB/T 18449.

5 sample preparation

Sample preparation shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB/T 4340.1 or GB/T 18449.1. The cross section of the test piece shall be prepared by machining, usually perpendicular to the axis of the weld. Machining and subsequent sample surface preparation should be avoided due to Overheating or cold working causes the surface of the sample to soften or harden. The surface of the sample shall be properly ground and polished and properly etched according to GB/T 26956, so as to accurately determine different areas of the welded joint. The indentation diagonal length of the field.

6 test procedure

6.1 General Figure 1 shows a typical area of the hardness measurement location. 1~2 points means weld metal, 3~6 points means heat affected zone, 7~8 points Indicated in the base metal. Description. 1, 2 --- weld metal; 3, 4, 5, 6---heat affected zone (HAZ); 7, 8 --- base metal; a --- weld center; b ---fusion line. Figure 1 Example of Vickers hardness and Knoop hardness test hardness measurement position When the type of weld is different from the example, the test procedure appropriate to the type of weld should be selected. 6.2 Type of test Figures 2 and 3 show examples of indentation locations for point testing (E-type testing), and Figure 4 and Figure 5 show indentation locations for line testing (R-type testing). Set the example. Unless otherwise specified, the type of test shall be selected and recorded by the tester. 6.3 Test location requirements When the thickness of the base metal t or the penetration depth h of the weld is not more than 4 mm, the indentation of the weld metal and the heat affected zone shall be 1/2 of the thickness of the base metal. Set (t/2) or 1/2 position (h/2) of weld penetration as shown in Figure 2a) and Figure 2c). When the thickness of the base metal t or the penetration depth h of the weld is greater than 4 mm, the indentation shall be in the range of 2 mm from the top surface and the bottom surface (the bottom of the penetration depth). Inside, as shown in Figure 2b) and Figure 2d). For double-sided full penetration T-type fillet welds, the indentation should be at the centerline of the fusion zone, see Figure 2d). The unit is mm a) Indentation position - weld penetration h≤4mm Figure 2 Example of point test (E type test) indentation position The unit is mm b) Indentation position - weld penetration h >4mm c) Indentation position - weld penetration h or base material thickness t ≤ 4mm d) Indentation position - weld penetration h or base material thickness t > 4mm Description. 1, 2 --- weld metal; 3, 4, 5, 6 --- heat affected zone (HAZ); 7, 8 --- base metal; a --- weld center; b ---fusion line. Figure 2 (continued) For hardened steel, the distance from the center of the indentation to the edge of the specimen shall be. --- Vickers hardness test, at least 2.5 times the average length of the indentation diagonal; --- In the Knoop hardness test, it is the short diagonal length of the indentation. For non-hardened steels and non-ferrous metals, the distance between the center of the indentation and the edge of the specimen shall be. --- Vickers hardness test, at least 3 times the average length of the indentation diagonal; --- In the Knoop hardness test, it is the short diagonal length of the indentation. The distance L between two adjacent indentation centers when point test (E type test) is shown in Table 2. Two adjacent indentations in the line test (R type test) The distance L between the centers is shown in Table 4. Note. It is recommended to use the same test force for the entire weld metal hardness test. Table 2 Point test (E type test) the distance between two adjacent indentation centers Determination method The distance between two adjacent indentation centers of the base material, L Vickers hardness test (HV) Hardened steel L≥3dV Non-hardened steel and non-ferrous metals L≥6dV Knoop hardness test (HK) Hardened steel L≥3dKL long diagonal L≥3dKS short diagonal Non-hardened steel and non-ferrous metals L≥6dKL long diagonal L≥6dKS short diagonal 6.4 point test (E type test) 6.4.1 Weld metal hardness test Weld metal should be selected from at least 3 points for hardness testing. center, top and bottom, or center, left and right, as shown in Figure 3. The hardness values of all indentations were determined. For large Vickers hardness tests, such as 49N (HV5) and 98N (HV10), indentation The number can be reduced. In the weld metal hardness test, the indentation diagonal length dV or dKS shall not be greater than 1/10 of the width of the weld to be tested. Test force should be satisfied Table 3 requirements. Note. The length of the diagonal of the indentation estimated according to the hardness value and the test force in the Vickers hardness test is shown in Table A.1; the hardness value and the test force in the Knoop hardness test. The estimated length of the indentation diagonal is shown in Table A.2. 6.4.2 Hardness test of heat affected zone The heat affected zone shall be selected from three points along the fusion line for hardness testing, see Figures 3a) and 3b). The test force for the heat affected zone and the weld metal hardness test shall be the same. In the heat affected zone hardness test, between the center of the indentation and the fusion line The distance W should be not less than 0.5dV and not more than dV, or not less than 0.5dKS and not more than 2dKS, as shown in Figures 3a) and 3b). 6.4.3 Base material hardness test At least 3 points should be selected for the hardness test of the base metal, and the test position is recorded in the report. For point testing, the measurement area should be numbered as shown in Figure 1. a) Vickers hardness (dV/2 ≤ W ≤ dV) b) Knoop hardness (dKS/2 ≤ W ≤ 2dKS) Description. 1---weld metal; 3---heat affected zone (HAZ); 7---base metal; a---weld center; b---fusion line. Figure 3 Example of point test (E-type test) weld metal and heat affected zone indentation position Table 3 Test force Hardness symbol Vickers hardness test Knoop hardness test Test force nominal value/N HV0.01 HK0.01 0.09807 HV0.015 - 0.1471 HV0.02 HK0.02 0.1961 HV0.025 HK0.025 0.2452 HV0.05 HK0.05 0.4903 HV0.1 HK0.1 0.9807 HV0.2 HK0.2 1.961 HV0.3 HK0.3 2.942 HV0.5 HK0.5 4.903 HV1 HK1 9.807 HV2 - 19.61 HV3 - 29.42 HV5 - 49.03 HV10 - 98.07 6.5 line test (R type test) Figure 4 shows an example of the indentation position of the line test (R type test). Increase the number of indentations and/if specified in the relevant agreement or application standard Or change the location of the indentation, but it should be reflected in the test report. For non-hardened steels and non-ferrous metals such as austenitic stainless steels, copper, light metals, lead, tin and their alloys, the bottom of the weld may not be required Line test. The location and number of indentations should be chosen to ensure that the hardened or softened areas caused by the weld can be determined. Weld and heat affected zone indentation The recommended distance between the hearts is shown in Table 4. For the metal hardened in the heat affected zone of the weld, two additional indentations shall be added. The distance W between the center of the indentation and the fusion line shall be dV/2 ≤ W ≤ dV or dKS/2 ≤ W ≤ 2dKS, as shown in Figure 5. The unit is mm Description. 1, 2 --- weld metal; 3, 4, 5, 6 --- heat affected zone (HAZ); 7, 8 --- base metal; a --- weld center; b ---fusion line. Figure 4 Example of line test (R type test) indentation position Table 4 Line test (R type test) Recommended distance between the weld and the adjacent two indentation centers in the heat affected zone Hardness symbol Recommended distance between the centers of two adjacent indentations, M*/mm Hardened steel is not hardened steel and non-ferrous metals HV0.01 0.1 0.3~1 HV0.10 0.2 0.6~2 HV1 0.5 1.5~4 HV5.00 0.7 2.5~5 HV10.0 1.0 3~5 HK0.01 0.1 0.3~1 HK0.10 0.2 0.6~2 HK1 0.3 1.5~4 * The recommended distance between the indented centers should not be less than the minimum specified in Table 2. a) Vickers hardness (dV/2 ≤ W ≤ dV) b) Knoop hardness (dKS/2 ≤ W ≤ 2dKS) Description. 1---weld metal; 3---heat affected zone (HAZ); 7---base metal; b---fusion line. Figure 5 Example of indentation position added to the heat affected zone of hardened steel during line test (R type test)

7 test results

The indentation position and corresponding hardness values should be recorded.

8 test report

The test report shall include but is not limited to the following. a) test temperature; b) the thickness and dimensions of the base metal and welded joints; c) type of welding, laser or electron beam type, type of welding equipment and welding conditions; d) hardness test type, E type test or R type test (Vickers or Knoop), and hardness symbol; e) test equipment verification/calibration certificate (including verification/calibration standard block and verification/calibration time); f) the location of the indentation; g) single value and average value of hardness; h) the date of the test; i) the tester; j) Sample identification. The recommended recording formats are given in Appendix B and Appendix C. Other formats can also be used, but should include all the content required to be recorded.

Appendix A

(informative appendix) Test force selection Tables A.1 and A.2 show the indentation diagonals estimated from the hardness and test forces in the Vickers hardness and Knoop hardness tests, respectively. An example of length. Equations A.1 and A.2 give the calculation formulas for the diagonal length of the indentation for Vickers hardness and Knoop hardness test, respectively. Table A.1 Length of the diagonal of the indentation estimated from the hardness value and the test force in the Vickers hardness test Vickers hardness HV Test force, F/N 0.098 0.980 1.96 4.90 9.80 19.6 49 98 Hardness symbol HV0.01 HV0.1 HV0.2 HV0.5 HV1 HV2 HV5 HV10 Indentation diagonal length, dV/mm 50 0.020 0.061 0.086 0.136 0.193 0.272 0.431 0.609 100 - 0.043 0.061 0.096 0.136 0.193 0.304 0.431 150 - 0.035 0.050 0.079 0.111 0.157 0.249 0.352 200 - 0.030 0.043 0.068 0.096 0.136 0.215 0.304 250 - 0.027 0.039 0.061 0.086 0.122 0.193 0.272 300 - 0.025 0.035 0.056 0.079 0.111 0.176 0.249 350 - 0.023 0.033 0.051 0.073 0.103 0.163 0.230 400 - 0.022 0.030 0.048 0.068 0.096 0.152 0.215 450 - 0.020 0.029 0.045 0.064 0.091 0.144 0.203 500 - - 0.027 0.043 0.061 0.086 0.136 0.193 550 - - 0.028 0.041 0.058 0.082 0.130 0.184 600 - - 0.025 0.039 0.056 0.079 0.124 0.176 650 - - 0.024 0.038 0.053 0.076 0.119 0.169 700 - - 0.023 0.036 0.051 0.073 0.115 0.163 750 - - 0.022 0.035 0.050 0.070 0.111 0.157 800 - - 0.022 0.034 0.048 0.068 0.108 0.152 850 - - 0.021 0.033 0.047 0.066 0.104 0.148 The relationship between Vickers hardness and the length of the indentation diagonal. HV= 0.1891×F d2V (A.1) In the formula. F --- test force, the unit is cattle (N); dV --- Indentation diagonal length in millimeters (mm). Table A.2 Length of the diagonal of the indentation estimated from the hardness value and the test force in the Knoop hardness test Knoop hardness HK Test force, F/N 0.0980 0.196 0.490 0.980 1.96 2.94 4.90 9.80 Hardness symbol HK0.01 HK0.02 HK0.05 HK0.1 HK0.2 HK0.3 HK0.5 HK1 Long diagonal length, dKLa/mm 50 0.053 0.075 0.119 0.168 - - - - 100 0.038 0.053 0.084 0.119 0.169 - - - 150 0.031 0.043 0.069 0.097 0.138 0.169 - - 200 0.027 0.038 0.060 0.084 0.119 0.146 0.189 - 250 0.024 0.034 0.053 0.075 0.107 0.131 0.169 - 300 0.022 0.031 0.049 0.069 0.097 0.119 0.154 - 350 0.020 0.028 0.045 0.064 0.090 0.110 0.142 - 400 - 0.027 0.042 0.060 0.084 0.103 0.133 0.189 450 - 0.025 0.040 0.056 0.079 0.097 0.126 0.178 500 - 0.024 0.038 0.053 0.075 0.092 0.119 0.169 550 - 0.023 0.036 0.051 0.072 0.088 0.114 0.161 600 - 0.022 0.034 0.049 0.069 0.084 0.109 0.154 650 - 0.021 0.033 0.047 0.066 0.081 0.105 0.148 700 - 0.020 0.032 0.045 0.064 0.078 0.101 0.143 750 - - 0.031 0.043 0.......
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