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Similar standardsGB/T 2039-2024: Metallic materials - Uniaxial creep testing method in tension---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT2039-2024GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 77.040.10 CCS H 22 Replacing GB/T 2039-2012 Metallic materials - Uniaxial creep testing method in tension (ISO 204.2023, Metallic materials - Uniaxial creep testing in tension - Method of test, MOD) Issued on: MAY 28, 2024 Implemented on: DECEMBER 01, 2024 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 3 Introduction... 6 1 Scope... 7 2 Normative references... 7 3 Terms and definitions... 8 4 Symbols and their meanings... 16 5 Test principle... 18 6 Test apparatus... 18 7 Test sample... 24 8 Test procedure... 30 9 Processing of test results... 33 10 Test validity... 33 11 Test results... 33 12 Test report... 34 Appendix A (Informative) Information on thermocouple drift... 37 Appendix B (Informative) Thermocouple calibration methods... 41 Appendix C (Normative) Creep testing on V-notch and blunt-notch test samples... 42 Appendix D (Informative) Presentation of results and graphical extrapolation... 46 Appendix E (Informative) Methods for estimating uncertainty based on the Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM)... 57 References... 64ForewordThis document was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020, Directives for standardization - Part 1.Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents. This document replaces GB/T 2039-2012 Metallic materials - Uniaxial creep testing method in tension. Compared with GB/T 2039-2012, except for structural adjustment and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows. -- Change the scope. continuous creep test, interrupted creep test, creep-rupture (endurance) test measuring only the rupture time, and test to verify passability under a given stress (see Chapter 1; Chapter 1 of the 2012 edition); -- Add and modify some terms, definitions and symbols (see Chapter 3; Chapter 3 of the 2012 edition); -- Modify Figure 1 to “Schematic diagram of stress-extension curve” (see Figure 1; Figure 1 of the 2012 edition); -- Modify some symbols and descriptions in Table 1 (see Chapter 4; Chapter 4 of the 2012 edition); -- Modify the content of “Extension and elongation measurement device” (see 6.2; 6.2 of the 2012 edition); -- Add requirements for the cold end temperature of thermocouples and indirect temperature measurement methods (see 6.3.2.1); -- Change the requirements on the use temperature and time of different types of thermocouples in the original informative Appendix A to the main text (see 6.3.3; Appendix A of the 2012 edition); -- Modify the determination of reference length Lr (see 7.5; 7.5 of the 2012 edition); -- Add combined test (see 8.3.3); -- Add the calculation formula for stress concentration factor Kt (see Appendix C). This document adopts ISO 204.2023 Metallic materials - Uniaxial tension creep testing in tension - Method of test by modification. This document has the following structural adjustments compared to ISO 204.2023. -- Appendix D corresponds to Appendix E of ISO 204.2023; -- Appendix E corresponds to Appendix D of ISO 204.2023. The technical differences between this document and ISO 204.2023 and their reasons are as follows. -- Use the normative references GB/T 228.2, GB/T 12160 and GB/T 16825.2 to replace ISO 6892-2, ISO 9513 and ISO 7500-2 respectively; add the normative references to GB/T 4989, GB/T 8170, GB/T 10623, JJF 1637, JJG 141, JJG 276 and JJG 617, and delete the normative reference to ISO 6892-1 to adapt to our country's technical conditions; -- In 6.1, add requirements for the coaxiality of the testing machine and calibration cycle of the testing machine to ensure the accuracy of the test results; -- Since the stability of the strain measurement device is greatly affected by the test cycle and environmental conditions, change the calibration cycle of the extensometer in the strain measurement device in 6.2 from 3 years to 1 year; -- Since the uniform temperature zone of the heating furnace directly affects the creep test results, add the calibration of the uniform temperature zone of the heating furnace in 6.3.5. This document also makes the following editorial modifications. -- Change the standard name to “Metallic materials - Uniaxial creep testing method in tension”. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document is not responsible for identifying patents. This document was proposed by China Iron and Steel Industry Association. This document shall be under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee 183 on Iron and Steel of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 183). Drafting organizations of this document. Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, Sinotest Equipment Co., Ltd., Harbin Boiler Company Limited, Shenzhen Suns Technology Stock Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Wance Testing Machine Co., Ltd., East China University of Science and Technology, Zhejiang Special Equipment Science Research Institute, Guobiao (Beijing) Testing & Certification Co., Ltd., China Metallurgical Information and Standardization Institute, NCS Testing Technology Co., Ltd. Main drafters of this document. Gao Yifei, Ma Shuangwei, Wei Limin, Zhang Xiancheng, Liu Jie, Huang Xing, Du Bin, Li Pu, Dong Li, Lu Qi, Rao Liwen, Tan Jianping, Fu Junping, Hou Huining, Cheng Yi. The previous document versions replaced by this document are as follows. Metallic materials - Uniaxial creep testing method in tension1 ScopeThis document specifies the following methods. a) continuous creep test with continuous monitoring of elongation; b) interrupted creep test with periodic measurement of percentage elongation; c) creep rupture (endurance) test in which usually only the rupture time is measured; d) For verification test at a given stress and exceeding the predetermined time, neither percentage extension nor percentage elongation is recorded. Note. Creep testing can be carried out until the test sample breaks, or be stopped before breaking. This document applies to creep (endurance) testing on smooth and notched test samples.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 228.2, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 2.Method of test at elevated temperature (GB/T 228.2-2015, ISO 6892-2.2011, MOD) GB/T 4989, Extension and compensating cables for thermocouples GB/T 8170, Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values GB/T 10623, Metallic material - Mechanical testing - Vocabulary (GB/T 10623- 2008, ISO 23718.2007, MOD) GB/T 12160, Metallic materials - Calibration of extensometers systems used in uniaxial testing (GB/T 12160-2019, ISO 9513.2012, IDT) GB/T 16825.2, Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 2.Tension creep testing machines - Verification of the applied force (GB/T 16825.2-2018, ISO 7500-2.2006, IDT) GB/T 16839.1, Thermocouples - Part 1.EMF specifications and tolerances (GB/T 16839.1-2018, IEC 60584-1.2013, IDT) JJF 1637, Calibration Specification for Base Metal Thermocouples JJG 141, Working Noble Metal Thermocouples JJG 276, Verification Regulation of High-Temperature Creep and Stress-Rupture Testing Machines JJG 617, Verification Regulation of Digital Temperature Indicators and Controllers3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions, as well as those given in GB/T 10623, apply. 3.1 reference length Lr The reference length used to calculate percentage extension or percentage elongation. Note 1.This document specifies several different gauge lengths and reference lengths. These lengths reflect actual usage habits in different laboratories. In some cases, these lengths are marked directly on the test sample in the form of engraved lines or bosses, while in other cases, the marked length for determining the creep elongation may be a virtual length based on calculations. Note 2.See 7.5 for calculation method. 3.2 original gauge length Lo The length between the marks on the test sample measured at room temperature before the test.5 Test principleHeat the test sample to the specified temperature; apply a constant tensile force or constant tensile stress (see note) along the axis of the test sample and maintain it for a certain time to obtain the following results. -- specified creep extension (continuous test); -- permanent elongation values obtained at appropriate intervals by testing (discontinuous test); -- creep rupture time (continuous or discontinuous test). Note. “Constant stress” or “true stress” means that the ratio of the test force applied to the test sample to the cross-sectional area of the test sample at any time during the entire test remains constant. Usually, the results obtained from constant stress and constant test force tests are different.6 Test apparatus6.1 Testing machine The testing machine shall be able to apply axial test force and minimize the bending moment and torque on the test sample. Before the test, the testing machine shall be visually inspected to ensure that the force rods, fixtures, universal joints and connecting devices of the testing machine are in good condition. The test force shall be applied to the test sample evenly, smoothly and without vibration. The testing machine shall be kept away from external vibration and impact. The testing machine shall have a cushion means to minimize vibration when the test sample breaks. The testing machine shall at least meet the requirements for Class 1 testing machine in GB/T 16825.2. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. |
