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GB/T 20042.2-2023: Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Part 2: General technical specification of fuel cell stacks Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB/T 20042.2: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB/T 20042.2-2023: Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Part 2: General technical specification of fuel cell stacks---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GBT20042.2-2023 GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 27.070 CCS K 82 Replacing GB/T 20042.2-2008 Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Part 2.General technical specification of fuel cell stacks Issued on. MARCH 17, 2023 Implemented on. OCTOBER 01, 2023 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Table of ContentsForeword... 4 Introduction... 7 1 Scope... 8 2 Normative references... 8 3 Terms and definitions... 9 4 Requirements... 10 4.1 General safety measures... 10 4.2 Design requirement... 11 4.3 Technical requirements... 14 4.4 Instruments and precision requirements... 15 5 Test methods... 16 5.1 General... 16 5.2 Appearance inspection... 17 5.3 Safety test... 17 5.4 Gas leakage test... 19 5.5 Blow-by test... 20 5.6 Allowable working pressure test... 22 5.7 Cooling system pressure test... 24 5.8 Pressure difference test... 24 5.9 Insulation test... 25 5.10 Normal operation test... 26 5.11 Rated power test... 26 5.12 Electrical overload test... 27 5.13 Flammable gas concentration test... 28 5.14 Environmental adaptability test... 29 5.15 Mass power density of fuel cell stack... 32 5.16 Volumetric power density of fuel cell stack core... 32 6 Marking and instructions... 34 6.1 General provisions... 34 6.2 Nameplate... 34 6.3 Marking of connectors... 34 6.4 Warning signs... 34 6.5 Technical documents provided to users... 35 Appendix A (Informative) Parameter reference information of fuel cell stack test sample ... 39 Appendix B (Informative) Fuel cell stack test result record sheet... 41 Appendix C (Informative) Fuel cell stack electrical efficiency... 42 References... 431 ScopeThis document specifies the requirements for safety, basic performance, test items, test methods, as well as marking and instructions, of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (including direct alcohol fuel cell stacks, hereinafter referred to as fuel cell stacks). Note 1.The cell stack mentioned in this document is also called fuel cell stack. Note 2.A better material or a new structure – if any – which can pass the test specified in this document and meet the relevant requirements can also be considered as conforming to this document. This document is applicable to the design and testing of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (including direct alcohol fuel cell stacks). This document only deals with situations where harm may be caused to the human body and the external environment of the fuel cell stack. As long as the protection of the internal damage of the fuel cell stack does not affect the safety outside the fuel cell stack, no provisions are made in this document. This document does not cover requirements for fuel and oxidizer storage and delivery arrangements.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the version corresponding to that date is applicable to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to this document. GB/T 2423.43, Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2. Test methods - Mounting of specimens for vibration impact and similar dynamic tests GB/T 2423.56, Environmental testing - Part 2.Test methods - Test Fh. Vibration, broadband random and guidance GB/T 3512, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests GB/T 3836.1-2021, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic - Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests GB/T 4208, Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB/T 5169.16-2017, Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16.Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods GB/T 5563, Rubber and Plastics Hoses and Hose Assemblies - Hydrostatic Testing GB/T 7826, Analysis techniques for system reliability - Procedure for failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) GB/T 15329, Rubber hoses and hose assemblies - Textile-reinforced hydraulic types for oil-based or water-based fluids - Specification GB/T 20042.1, Proton exchange membrane fuel cell - Part 1.Terminology GB/T 28816, Fuel cell - Terminology IEC 61508 (all parts), Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems3 Terms and definitionsTerms and definitions determined by GB/T 20042.1 and GB/T 28816, as well as the following ones, are applicable to this document. 3.1 fuel cell stack core The part between collector plates in the fuel cell stack, which is composed of and stacked up by pole plates, membrane electrode assemblies and other structural parts inseries. 3.2 volume of fuel cell stack core The outer-contour volume of the fuel cell stack core. 3.3 volumetric power density of fuel cell stack core The ratio of the rated power of a fuel cell stack to the volume of its stack core. 3.4 explosive atmosphere An environment in which a mixture of flammable substances in the form of gas, vapor, dust, fibers or flocs and air – under atmospheric conditions – can keep burning and spread by itself after being ignited. 3.5 zones According to the frequency and duration of explosive gas atmospheres, hazardous zones are divided into zone 0, zone 1 and zone 2.4 Requirements4.1 General safety measures Since fuel cell stacks contain fuel and other energy storage substances that have already stored energy (e.g., flammable substances, pressurized media, electrical energy, mechanical energy, etc.), the fuel cell stack manufacturer shall evaluate all reasonably foreseeable hazards, and take corresponding safety measures for the fuel cell stack in the following order under practical and feasible conditions. 4.2 Design requirement 4.2.1 General requirements Fuel cell stack manufacturers shall design based on risk assessment. The risk assessment shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 7826 and IEC 61508 (all parts). The fuel cell stack and all its components shall. 4.2.2 Characteristics under normal operating conditions When the fuel cell stack is operated under all normal operating conditions specified in the manufacturer’s instructions, it shall not cause any damage. 4.2.4 Piping and fitting assembly Metal formed elbows shall not cause defects impairing their use when bent. 4.2.5 Terminals and electrical connectors Electrical connectors for power supply to external circuits shall meet the following requirements. 4.2.6 Live parts The manufacturer shall specify in the technical documents the live parts that exist, especially the live parts that are dangerous due to the residual voltage after the system is shut down, and inform the fuel cell system integration manufacturer that it shall take measures to prevent electric shock and prevent fuel cell stacks from accidental short circuit of live parts. 4.2.7 Monitoring requirements In order to ensure the safety of the fuel cell stack, monitoring measures for relevant parameters, such as the followings, should be provided. 4.3 Technical requirements 4.3.5 Environmental adaptability requirements 4.3.5.1 High and low temperature environment storage requirements After the fuel cell stack is subjected to the low-temperature storage test (5.14.2) or the high-temperature storage test (5.14.3) under the temperature conditions specified by the manufacturer, there shall be no cracking, fragmentation, permanent deformation or other physical damage. 4.3.5.2 Vibration and shock resistance requirements The tested sample shall not cause any hazard or functional failure when subjected to the same or similar shock and vibration environment [vibration and shock resistance test (5.14.4)] during the intended use. 4.4 Instruments and precision requirements The instruments used for the test shall at least include.5 Test methods5.1 General Unless otherwise specified, fuel cell stacks should be tested under the following environmental conditions. 5.2 Appearance inspection The content of the appearance inspection is as follows. 5.3 Safety test 5.3.1 General In order to ensure the safety of the tests, safety tests such as air tightness and insulation resistance of the fuel cell stack shall be carried out before the formal tests start, and if the test fails, the follow-up tests shall be stopped. 5.5 Blow-by test 5.5.1 General The test shall be carried out after standing at room temperature for 1 h after shutting down according to the method specified by the manufacturer. If the preceding step is 5.4, this step can be omitted. If the measured blow-by velocity is not greater than the specified value in e) in 6.5.1, it can be judged to meet the requirements. 5.5.3 Measurement of blow-by velocity from anode chamber and cathode chamber 5.6 Allowable working pressure test 5.6.1 Overview The allowable working pressure test of the fuel cell stack shall be carried out at the highest and lowest operating temperature respectively, and the test medium shall be nitrogen. 5.6.2 High temperature pressure test Place the fuel cell stack in an environment with the highest operating temperature specified by the manufacturer, and let it stand for more than 12 hours; 5.6.3 Low temperature pressure test Place the fuel cell stack in an environment with the lowest operating temperature specified by the manufacturer, and let it stand for more than 12 hours. 5.10 Normal operation test Before the normal operation test, use a voltmeter to check whether the polarity of the sample terminal is correct, and activate the fuel cell stack according to the activation method provided by the manufacturer. 5.11 Rated power test The steps of the rated power test are as follows. 5.12 Electrical overload test In order to check whether the fuel cell stack has the specified overload capacity, an electrical overload test shall be carried out. 5.14 Environmental adaptability test 5.14.1 General This test item is to evaluate whether the product’s adaptability to the environment can meet the specified requirements during the expected transportation, storage temperature and use process within the specified life cycle of the fuel cell stack. Before the start of the test, the airtightness test shall be carried out in accordance with 5.4 and 5.5, and the test results shall meet the manufacturer’s specified value; after that, the fuel cell stack shall be pre-treated according to the manufacturer’s requirements, including operation, purging and standing, etc. 5.14.2 Low temperature storage test After processing according to the requirements specified by the manufacturer, carry out the low temperature storage test. 5.16 Volumetric power density of fuel cell stack core 5.16.1 Volume measurement of fuel cell stack core Calculate the volume of the fuel cell stack core by the product of the projected area of the outer contour of the bipolar plate in the direction perpendicular to the plate surface and the distance between the collector plates of the fuel cell stack.6 Marking and instructions6.1 General provisions Each fuel cell stack shall have a necessary mark or label, whose uniqueness shall be ensured. The content of the mark or label shall be clear and durable. The marked symbols, codes and their colors shall comply with relevant standards and regulations. The marks and labels shall be reliably fixed and placed in obvious and eye-catching places that do not hinder inspection, and it shall be ensured that they will not fall off during the entire life of the fuel cell stack. 6.2 Nameplate There shall be a nameplate on the fuel cell stack. The nameplate shall be reliably fixed at a place that is easy to observe. 6.3 Marking of connectors If the wrong connection of the connector may lead to unsafety or damage to the sample under test, the manufacturer shall give a clear identification mark. If the electrical connector has polarity, or if there is a grounding terminal and grounding connection wire, it shall be marked. 6.4 Warning signs Warning signs shall be used for dangerous parts, for example. 6.5 Technical documents provided to users 6.5.1 General requirements The fuel cell stack information necessary for the integration, installation, operation and maintenance of the fuel cell system shall be described in the form of drawings, tables and instructions. Unless otherwise agreed by the fuel cell system integration manufacturer and the fuel cell stack manufacturer, the fuel cell stack manufacturer shall provide these technical documents for each fuel cell stack. 6.5.2 Installation guide The installation guide shall give clear and detailed instructions on the installation and fixing of the fuel cell stack, and the connection of electrical wiring, fuel pipelines, oxidizer pipelines and cooling system pipelines. 6.5.3 Installation drawing The installation drawing shall give all the necessary information for the preparation of the installation of the fuel cell stack. 6.5.6 List of parts and components In order to ensure the normal operation, preventive maintenance or troubleshooting of the user’s fuel cell stack, the list of parts and components shall at least include the necessary information – including names, models, general characteristics, etc. – of the ordered spare parts or spare pieces (such as components, devices, software, test equipment, technical documents). ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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