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GB/T 18494.3-2023 English PDF

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US$1419.00 · In stock
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GB/T 18494.3-2023: Converter transformers - Part 3: Application guide
Status: Valid

GB/T 18494.3: Historical versions

Standard ID	USD	BUY PDF	Lead-Days	Standard Title (Description)	Status
GB/T 18494.3-2023	1419	Add to Cart	9 days	Converter transformers - Part 3: Application guide	Valid
GB/T 18494.3-2012	RFQ	ASK	8 days	Converter transformers -- Part 3: Application guide	Obsolete

Similar standards

GB/T 19212.5 GB/T 10228 GB/T 8286 GB/T 19212.14 GB/T 19212.2 GB/T 18494.2

Basic data

Standard ID: GB/T 18494.3-2023 (GB/T18494.3-2023)
Description (Translated English): Converter transformers - Part 3: Application guide
Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended)
Classification of Chinese Standard: K41
Classification of International Standard: 29.180
Word Count Estimation: 74,760
Date of Issue: 2023-03-17
Date of Implementation: 2023-10-01
Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB/T 18494.3-2012
Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration

GB/T 18494.3-2023: Converter transformers - Part 3: Application guide

---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
ICS29:180 CCSK41 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replace GB/T 18494:3-2012 Converter transformers part 3 : guidelines for application (IEC 61378-3:2015, MOD) Released on 2023-03-17 2023-10-01 implementation State Administration for Market Regulation Released by the National Standardization Management Committee

Preface III Introduction V 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and Definitions 1 4 symbols 1 5 rating 2 6 Winding structure 3 7 Tapping and Impedance - HVDC Applications 12 8 Insulation requirements and insulation test 13 9 Loss 18 10 Iron core and noise 28 11 Technical specifications 31 12 Calculation of short circuit current 42 13 components 44 14 Maintenance 48 15 Monitoring 54 16 Design Review of Converter Transformers 58 Reference 64 Fig:1 Schematic diagram of 6-pulse bridge 3 Figure 2 Schematic diagram of 12-pulse bridge 4 Figure 3: The windings of two converter transformers are connected as star-delta connection and star-star connection or as angle-delta connection and delta-star connection to obtain valve side voltage There is a 30° phase difference between pressure4 Figure 4 It is preferred to use corner joints or zigzag joints with a phase shift of 15°4 Figure 5 Double anti-star connectionFigure 5 Figure 6 Saturated reactor wiring diagram 6 Fig: 7 Open-phase connection principle of coarse and fine adjustment autotransformer Fig: 7 Fig: 8 Closed-phase connection principle of conventional autotransformer with coarse and fine adjustment Fig: 7 Fig:9 Closed-phase connection schematic diagram of multi-stage coarse-tuning conventional autotransformer 8 Fig: 10 Schematic diagram of closed-phase connection of step-up autotransformer with coarse and fine adjustment 8 Fig: 11 Schematic diagram of coarse and fine tuning autotransformer open-phase connection diagram 9 Figure 12 Schematic diagram of closed-phase connection of coarse and fine adjustment dual-winding transformers 9 Figure 13 Two basic arrangements of double-winding converter transformers10 Figure 14 Public Mutual Impedance 11 Figure 15 Typical Impedance 13 Figure 16 Typical industrial converter transformer insulation system components 14 Figure 17 Equivalent RC circuit of insulation system 15 Figure 18 Voltage distribution before and after polarity reversal16 Figure 19 AC/DC conversion diagram 17 Fig: 20 Leakage magnetic field of three-winding converter transformer with close-coupled valve-side windings 21 Fig: 21 Leakage magnetic field of three-winding converter transformer with no coupling of valve side windings 22 Figure 22 Leakage field of three-winding converter transformer with double concentric loosely coupled windings on the valve side 23 Fig: 23 Leakage field of three-winding converter transformer with two valve side windings axially separated and loosely coupled 24 Figure 24 Short circuit fault condition 42 Figure 25 Arrangement of casing on the valve side Figure 46 Figure 26 Examples of AC, DC and mixed electric field distribution near HVDC bushings and related insulation systems 47 Table 1 Double winding arrangement 11 Table 2 Harmonic current load loss calculation 25 Table 3 Monitoring type 56

foreword

This document is in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 1:1-2020 "Guidelines for Standardization Work Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules for Standardization Documents" drafting: This document is part 3 of GB/T 18494 "Converter Transformers": GB/T 18494 has issued the following parts: --- Part 1: Industrial converter transformers; --- Part 2: Converter transformers for HVDC transmission; --- Part 3: Application guidelines: This document replaces GB/T 18494:3-2012 "Converter Transformers Part 3: Application Guidelines", and is consistent with GB/T 18494:3-2012 In addition to structural adjustments and editorial changes, the main technical changes are as follows: ---Changed the scope of application (see Chapter 1); --- Added the need to distinguish between sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal grid-side voltages in the design of converter transformers (see Chapter 5); ---In the 12-pulse wave connection group diagram, the DyYy and DdYd connection methods are added; the third winding with filtering and compensation is added Industrial equipment needs to consider the fact that the actual current is larger than the rated value (see 6:1); ---Optimized the style of the connection diagram; added the types of autotransformer introduction, including the autotransformer with coarse adjustment and fine adjustment Open-phase schematic diagram, closed-phase schematic diagram of double-winding transformer with coarse adjustment and fine adjustment, etc: (see 6:2 and 6:3); ---Changed the temperature rise limit of hybrid insulation from "105°C" to "Refer to the limit allowed in 6:2 of GB/T 1094:2-2013", Prompt that the application method of the new insulating material can be obtained from GB/T 1094:14 (see 8:1:2); --- Increased the current distribution, loss and hot spot temperature rise of high-current windings (see 9:1:3); --- Added the content of the stray increase in the loss of the loose coupling of the rectifier (see 9:1:5); --- Increase the introduction of the transformer connected to the voltage source converter (see 9:1:8); --- Increased the content considered in the temperature rise test of industrial converter transformers (see 9:2:5); --- Added content about hot spots of oil tanks of industrial converter transformers (see 9:2:6); --- Added the relevant content of the saturable reactor iron core and the balanced reactor iron core in the fuel tank (see 10:1:1); --- Added the influence of harmonics on the core of the converter transformer (see 10:1:2); --- Added content about the impact of the balanced reactor core design on noise (see 10:2:1); --- Change the oil breakdown voltage and acid value test from once every two years to at least once a year (see 14:2:2); --- Added a chapter on the design review of industrial and HVDC converter transformers (see Chapter 16): This document is modified to adopt IEC 61378-3:2015 "Converter Transformers Part 3: Application Guidelines": The technical differences between this document and IEC 61378-3:2015 and their reasons are as follows: ---In order to adapt to the technical conditions of our country, IEC 60076-5, IEC 60076-5, GB/T 1094:14 replaces IEC 60076-14:2013 (see 8:1:2, Chapter 12 and 16:3:4:3); ---Considering the different requirements for rated current in GB/T 18494:1-2014 and GB/T 18494:2-2022, in order to take into account my According to the actual situation in China, the interpretation of ILN and Kh has been adjusted according to the situation in my country, and the current ratio kh, rated current Symbol and interpretation of flow Ir and resistive loss IrR at rated current (see Clause 4); ---Considering the different requirements for rated current in GB/T 18494:1-2014 and GB/T 18494:2-2022, in order to take into account my According to the actual situation of the country, the content of the rated value has been revised respectively (see the first paragraph, the second paragraph and the last paragraph in Chapter 5); ---In order to avoid misunderstanding, the words "when one converter transformer is connected as positive sequence" and "another converter transformer" in the original text of IEC are deleted: The letter mark given in the brackets behind it when the connection is negative sequence" (see paragraph 1 above Figure 4 in 6:1); ---Considering that the marking habits of transformer terminals in my country are different from those in foreign countries, in order to take into account the actual situation in our country, the three-phase terminals of transformers are marked The flag is changed from "U, V and W" to "A, B and C" (see Figures 7 to 12 in 6:2:3); ---Considering the difference in impedance deviation requirements for industrial converter transformers and HVDC power transmission converter transformers in my country, for In order to take into account the actual situation in our country, the content of impedance deviation has been modified: For industrial converter transformers, the requirements are the same as The original text of IEC is consistent; for HVDC power transmission converter transformers, the requirements are in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 18494:2-2022 (see paragraph 6 of 7:2); ---The rated power frequency of the power supply in our country is 50Hz: In order to meet the actual situation in our country, the 60Hz in the original IEC text is deleted, and only 50Hz is reserved (see 9:1:6); --- In order to be compatible with the technical content of our standards, the monitoring item "repetitive shock waveform (RSO) or low Impulse voltage test response" (see 15:3:3): The following editorial changes have been made to this document: --- The content of the introduction has been adjusted; --- Adjusted the order of titles and symbols in Chapter 4; --- Deleted the last paragraph in 8:2:2; --- Correct the clause number 9:1:5 mentioned in 9:2:3 to 9:1:6; --- Deleted the second paragraph of 13:2:1; --- The letter C representing the valve side is added to Figure 25a) of 13:2:5; --- Deleted footnote 3 in 15:3:3; --- The references have been adjusted: Please note that some contents of this document may refer to patents: The issuing agency of this document assumes no responsibility for identifying patents: This document is proposed by China Electrical Equipment Industry Association: This document is under the jurisdiction of the National Transformer Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC44): This document is drafted by: Shenyang Transformer Research Institute Co:, Ltd:, TBEA Shenyang Transformer Group Co:, Ltd:, Shunte Electric Equipment Co:, Ltd:, Liaoning Huaye Group Development Co:, Ltd:, Xiangtan Huaxia Special Transformer Co:, Ltd:, Chint Electric Co:, Ltd:, Xi'an West Electric Transformer Co:, Ltd:, China Southern Power Grid Science Research Institute Co:, Ltd:, Pearl Electric Co:, Ltd:, Baoding Tianwei Power Transformer Gas Co:, Ltd:, Wolong Electric Group Beijing Huatai Transformer Co:, Ltd:, TBEA Hengyang Transformer Co:, Ltd:, Tianjin TBEA Electrician Transformer Co:, Ltd:, Changzhou Xidian Transformer Co:, Ltd:, Wujiang Transformer Co:, Ltd:, Haihong Electric Co:, Ltd:, Baoding Tian Weishunda Transformer Co:, Ltd:, Zhejiang Jiangshan Transformer Co:, Ltd:, Chongqing Xianglong Electric Co:, Ltd:, Xuchang Zhongtianyu Optoelectronics Gas Technology Co:, Ltd:, Guangdong Kaikai Electric Co:, Ltd: The main drafters of this document: Zhang Xianzhong, Li Guiping, Li Xia, Sun Tao, Zhang Ximing, Li Jinbiao, Wang Tao, Lei Yuanyuan, Cai Dingguo, Wang Qingpu, He Baozhen, Tan Lijun, Zhao Wenzhong, Wu Guoliang, Lin Canhua, Liang Qingning, Qin Jinli, Jiang Zhenjun, Chen Hengyun, Shi Yulin, Xu Kaixuan: The previous versions of the documents replaced by this document are as follows: ---First published as GB/T 18494:3-2012 in:2012; --- This is the first revision:

Introduction

0:1 Overview The formulation of the converter transformer standard is to establish a set of optimal evaluation criteria for the converter transformer, and provide a basis for the production of the converter transformer from the production materials: Provide guidance on matters needing attention in selection, product design, product production, product inspection, product selection and operation and maintenance: GB/T 18494 aims to establish principles and relevant regulations applicable to the design, manufacture, test methods, operation and maintenance of converter transformers, etc: Then, it is proposed to consist of 3 parts: --- Part 1: Industrial converter transformers: The purpose is to establish applicable to various industries (such as: copper, aluminum smelting and some gas power plants) solution) with the technical requirements and test requirements of the converter transformer: --- Part 2: Converter transformers for HVDC transmission: The purpose is to establish suitable for all kinds of high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission Converter transformer technical requirements and test requirements, etc: --- Part 3: Application guidelines: The purpose is to give the technical background of Parts 1 and 2, and to provide a general introduction to various types of industrial rheology: Provide guidance on the practical application of transformers and various converter transformers for HVDC transmission: GB/T 18494 clarifies the technical requirements of various industrial converter transformers and HVDC power transmission converter transformers through three parts: Sum test requirements, and provide guidance for the practical application of these two types of products: By establishing clear scope, terminology, and technical requirements for various products, Requirements, test methods, practical application guidance, etc:, so that producers, users and relevant test personnel can operate more clearly and accurately, so that Design and manufacture high-quality products, and make them reasonably applied, better promote trade, exchanges and technical cooperation, and contribute to the normalization of my country's power grid Guaranteed regular operation: This document contains two types of products applicable to GB/T 18494:1-2014 and GB/T 18494:2-2022, applicable to 0:2~ 0:14 covered content: GB/T 18494:1-2014 applies to power converters of any capacity (typical applications include crystal Thyristor rectifiers, diode rectifiers for electrolysis, thyristor rectifiers for high power drives, thyristor rectifiers for scrap furnaces and variable speed drives Diode rectifiers for inverters), also suitable for step-down regulators or autotransformer voltage regulation units, the maximum voltage of the valve side winding equipment is not More than 40:5kV: GB/T 18494:2-2022 applies to converter transformers for HVDC power transmission: There are two types of HVDC power transmission systems type, one of the "back-to-back" type and the other of the "transmission" type, the operation and evaluation of the converter transformers operating in both systems are covered in GB/T 18494:2-2022 and this document: Both GB/T 18494:1-2014 and GB/T 18494:2-2022 do not explicitly include the current conversion related to the voltage source converter (VSC) transformer: Because the use of VSC is becoming more and more common, this document provides some guidance: 0:2 Ratings (Chapter 5) In GB/T 18494:1-2014, the regulation on the rated value of the converter transformer is different from the traditional method: in tradition In the method, the rated value of the transformer nameplate current is defined by the root mean square value of the current: GB/T 18494:1-2014 on converter transformers The method of rating definition presents a fundamental change: Clarifies converter transformer nameplate ratings in terms of fundamental components of voltage and current as the basis: The nameplate rating derived from the fundamental component is the basis for guaranteed impedance and loss values: In GB/T 18494:2-2022, the amount The constant current is the root mean square of the fundamental current and the 49th harmonic and all harmonic currents before it under rated load conditions: 0:3 Winding structure (Chapter 6) A large number of winding connections and principles have been applied to converter transformers for industrial and HVDC power transmission: Over the years, they have been continuously development of: Most of the operating characteristics of various rectification couplings have been included in GB/T 3859 (all parts): In this document, the link The effect of the junction on the structure of the converter transformer and some aspects of its operation are discussed: Different pressure regulation methods are common in industrial applications, and this document provides schematic diagrams of several pressure regulation methods: 0:4 Tapping and Impedance (Chapter 7) The impedance of the converter transformer for HVDC transmission requires special attention and requires special design schemes: The main concern is to tap across the Limits for impedance variations within the range and for impedance differences between different converter transformers, and in some applications star and delta junctions Limit for impedance difference between windings: This document discusses these limits and their practical application: Usually, the tap range of a converter transformer is larger than that of a conventional transformer: This document discusses the impact of such a large tapping range on converter transformers and taps: The effect of the switch: 0:5 Insulation and insulation test (Chapter 8) This chapter deals with two aspects, the first is to increase the use of "hybrid insulation" insulation structures in industrial applications: Followed by HVDC power transmission Insulation capacity of the insulation structure of the converter transformer in the external DC voltage test and in operation: The basic principles, test methods and test voltage levels of AC and DC voltage tests are discussed: Compatible with the recommended test specification The relevant security measures were commented on: 0:6 Loss (Chapter 9) This document details the principles, test methods and calculation methods used in considering the effects of non-sinusoidal load currents on various types of converter transformers: relevant content of the law: The principle of dual-frequency test in HVDC application is described in detail with calculation examples: These loss values obtained from tests and calculations are determined as Used in temperature rise tests as a basis for establishing oil and winding temperature gradient test currents: 0:7 Iron Core and Noise (Chapter 10) The effects of voltage harmonics and DC bias current on core structure and performance are discussed and summarized: The causes of noise generation and expected differences between conventional plant sound level measurements and field measurements and expectations are reviewed: The latest methods for estimating sound levels of converter transformers are discussed: 0:8 Technical Specifications (Chapter 11) The specifications for converter transformers differ significantly from those for power transformers: The detailed points are part of the guidance document for the preparation of technical and functional specifications: Some guiding principles are given for which specified content should be put forward by the user and the manufacturer in the order bidding stage: 0:9 Short Circuit (Chapter 12) In a conventional power transformer, the calculation of the short-circuit current inside the winding is only related to the reactance and resistance components of the transformer and the power supply connected to the transformer: However, for converter transformers, it is necessary to consider that the fault current peak value generated in the converter may be higher than that of conventional power transformers: The case of the short-circuit current peak value of the device: This situation is detailed in this document: 0:10 Components (Chapter 13) The selection and operation of on-load tap-changers is a critical issue when designing converter transformers for industrial and HVDC transmission applications: question: This document enumerates some principles for tap-changers to be used in these applications: In HVDC applications, the design of the valve side bushing and its integration with the overall body are k......

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Question 5: Should I purchase the latest version GB/T 18494.3-2023?

Answer: Yes. Unless special scenarios such as technical constraints or academic study, you should always prioritize to purchase the latest version GB/T 18494.3-2023 even if the enforcement date is in future. Complying with the latest version means that, by default, it also complies with all the earlier versions, technically.