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GB 17761-2024: Safety technical specification for electric bicycle Delivery: 9 seconds. True-PDF full-copy in English & invoice will be downloaded + auto-delivered via email. See step-by-step procedure Status: Valid GB 17761: Historical versions
Similar standardsGB 17761-2024: Safety technical specification for electric bicycle---This is an excerpt. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.), auto-downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, can be purchased online: https://www.ChineseStandard.net/PDF.aspx/GB17761-2024GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ICS 43.140 CCS Y 14 Replacing GB 17761-2018 Safety technical specification for electric bicycle Issued on. DECEMBER 31, 2024 Implemented on. SEPTEMBER 01, 2025 Issued by. State Administration for Market Regulation; National Standardization Administration. Table of ContentsForeword... 4 Introduction... 6 1 Scope... 7 2 Normative references... 7 3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations... 8 4 General requirements... 10 5 Bicycle marking... 11 6 Safety requirements and test methods... 14 7 Enterprise quality assurance capabilities and product consistency... 41 8 Implementation of the standard... 45 Appendix A (Normative) Mechanical strength test... 46 Appendix B (Informative) Beidou module performance... 48 Appendix C (Informative) Examples of electric bicycle management platform functions ... 54 Appendix D (Informative) Examples of anti-tampering inspection methods... 57 Appendix E (Normative) Main technical parameters of electric bicycles... 60 Appendix F (Informative) Enterprise quality control capabilities... 61 References... 641 ScopeThis document specifies the technical requirements for electric bicycles, such as bicycle marking, bicycle safety, mechanical safety, electrical safety, fire retardancy, plastic ratio, Beidou positioning function, communication and dynamic safety monitoring, anti- tampering, instruction manual, enterprise quality assurance capability, product consistency; describes the corresponding test methods. This document applies to electric bicycles.2 Normative referencesThe contents of the following documents constitute the essential terms of this document through normative references in the text. Among them, for dated references, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 755-2019 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance GB 811 Helmets for motorcycle and electric bicycle users GB/T 3565.1-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 1.Terms and definitions GB 3565.2-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 2.Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles GB/T 3565.4-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 4.Braking test methods GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) GB/T 5169.16 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16.Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods GB/T 5296.1 Instructions for use of products of consumer interest - Part 1.General principles3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations3.1 Terms and definitions The terms and definitions defined in GB/T 3565.1-2022, as well as the following terms and definitions, apply to this document. 3.1.1 Electric bicycle A two-wheeled bicycle that uses on-board batteries as energy, to achieve electric drive or/and electric assist functions. 3.1.2 Fully assembled electric bicycle An electric bicycle (3.1.1) equipped with all necessary components (including batteries and all accessories specified in the instruction manual, but excluding external chargers and helmets). 3.1.3 Electric drive A driving method in which the driving power comes from the on-board battery and the power is output only by the electric motor. 3.1.4 Electric aid A driving method composed of human power and electric motor power in output ratio. 3.1.5 Manufactured date Production date The date when the bicycle is manufactured. 3.1.6 BeiDou navigation satellite system; BDS A global satellite navigation system developed, built, managed by China that provides users with real-time three-dimensional position, speed, time information.4 General requirements4.1 Electric bicycles shall not be dangerous in normal use, reasonably foreseeable misuse, malfunction. Dangers include but are not limited to the following situations. a) The heat generated causes material deterioration, fire or burns; b) Burning, explosion, electric shock, etc. during charging, driving, parking, etc.; c) Personal injury caused by the breakage, loosening, deformation, motion interference of the whole bicycle or parts. 4.2 The software and hardware of electric bicycles shall have anti-tampering design, to prevent unauthorized modification or change of the maximum speed, motor power, voltage, etc. 4.3 Unless otherwise specified, the testing equipment and instruments used in this document shall comply with the provisions of relevant standards such as GB/T 12742. The accuracy level of the instrument used to test electrical devices (except for withstand voltage testers and insulation resistance testers) shall not be lower than level 1; the ripple factor of the DC power supply shall not be greater than 5%. During the test, the capacity of the on-board battery pack shall not be less than 90% of its rated capacity. a) Road test environment. Temperature is -5 °C ~ 35 °C; wind speed is not more than 3 m/s; the test shall not be carried out in rainy or snowy weather; b) Test road surface. Flat asphalt or concrete road surface, the road surface shall be hard, without soft dust or gravel; the minimum friction coefficient between the dry road surface and the tire is 0.5; c) Bicycle speed detection equipment. Accuracy ±2%, resolution 0.1 km/h; d) The mass of the rider is 75 kg; the weight is increased to 75 kg if it is insufficient; e) The test bicycle is a fully assembled electric bicycle; f) The tire shall be fully inflated according to the maximum recommended pressure marked on the outer tire; the pressure deviation is ±10 kPa.5 Bicycle marking5.1 Nameplate The nameplate shall indicate the following information in Chinese. Product name, model, manufacturer name or trademark, production date/manufacturing date, battery type, etc. 5.2 Bicycle coding The unique bicycle coding of each electric bicycle shall be permanently marked on the conspicuous surface of the inseparable front tube or middle joint of the electric bicycle frame. 5.3 Motor code The motor code shall at least include information on the motor power and rated voltage; it shall be permanently engraved on the motor housing and shall be easy to observe and read. 5.4 License plate installation position The rear of the electric bicycle shall have a convenient location for installing the license plate, which shall have 2 mounting holes and the center spacing shall be 80 mm. 5.5 Product certificate The product certificate shall clearly indicate the product name, model, manufacturer or trademark, manufacturer and address, production date/manufacturing date, bicycle code, motor code, drive mode (electric drive and/or electric power), maximum design speed, bicycle mass, motor power and rated voltage, battery type, length/width/height, front and rear wheel center distance, nameplate fixing position, bicycle code position, recommended service life, other information, whether it is used for business activities such as urban logistics or commercial leasing, as well as bicycle photos, etc.6 Safety requirements and test methods6.1 Bicycle safety 6.1.1 Speed limit 6.1.2 Braking performance The braking performance of electric bicycles shall meet the requirements of Table 1 and stop smoothly and safely within the corresponding braking distance. 6.1.3 Bicycle mass The mass of a fully assembled electric bicycle using lead-acid batteries shall be less than or equal to 63 kg; the mass of other types of fully assembled electric bicycles shall be less than or equal to 55 kg. 6.1.4 Pedal riding function 6.1.4.1 Pedal riding requirements Electric bicycles that can use electric power assist function shall have pedal riding devices and meet the following requirements. 6.1.4.2 Pedal riding test method The test is conducted by the following method. 6.1.5 Size limits 6.1.6 Structure 6.1.6.1 Pedal clearance The pedal clearance of electric bicycles with pedal riding function shall comply with the requirements of 4.13.2 of GB 3565.2-2022 for urban and touring bicycles. Test according to the method specified in 4.13.2 of GB 3565.2-2022. 6.1.6.2 Protrusions Tubes and rigid parts that exist in the form of protrusions and can cause harm to users shall be protected. The size and shape of the end protector of the protrusion are not clearly specified, but a suitable shape shall be given to avoid physical injury. Bolts pose a risk of puncture, so the length of the protrusion that exceeds the inner thread fitting part shall not be greater than the outer diameter of the bolt. Inspect by visual and measurement methods. 6.1.7 Speed prompt sound 6.1.8 Water splashing and wading 6.1.9 Data storage function Electric bicycles used for commercial activities such as urban logistics and commercial leasing shall store the position and driving speed information of the last 20 stops within 1 minute before each second. The driving speed is the speed converted from the electric bicycle motor speed. 6.2 Mechanical safety 6.2.1 Frame/fork assembly 6.2.1.1 Vibration strength Install the frame/fork assembly on a special vibration tester and perform the vibration strength test of the frame/fork assembly, according to the test method for urban and touring electric bicycles described in QB/T 1880. After the test, there shall be no visible cracks, damage, obvious deformation or looseness in any part of the frame/fork assembly. 6.2.1.2 Impact test (heavy object falling) 6.2.1.3 Impact strength (frame/front fork assembly falling) 6.2.2 Stem and saddle tube (when applicable) 6.2.3 Reflectors, lighting and horn devices 6.3 Electrical safety 6.3.1 Electrical device 6.3.2 Control system 6.3.2.1 Brake power-off function When the electric bicycle is electrically driven and braked, its electrical control system shall have the function of powering off the motor. Fully charge the battery pack; connect a DC ammeter in series; install it on the test bicycle. Drive the motor to run; then apply the brake; observe whether the current of the DC ammeter is reduced to less than or equal to the current when there is no torque output on the drive wheel (no-load current); confirm whether the drive motor is powered off within 3 s. 6.3.2.2 Overcurrent protection function The electrical control system of the electric bicycle shall have an overcurrent protection function. 6.3.2.3 Anti-runaway function For electric bicycles with electric drive function, their electrical control system shall have anti-runaway protection function. 6.3.3 Motor 6.3.3.1 Rated continuous output power of the motor The motor (which may be equipped with a reduction device that cannot be separated from the motor in a non-destructive manner) is fixedly installed on the dynamometer test bench, connected to a DC power supply and a standard test controller; the motor load is gradually increased until the motor speed reaches the rated speed. Run in this state, according to 4.2.1 of GB/T 755-2019, so that the motor reaches a thermally stable state. 6.3.3.2 Low-speed running torque of the motor Fix the motor, drive wheel, the entire reduction and transmission system between the two (if any) on the test bench; connect the dynamometer to the drive wheel; connect the DC power supply, the standard test controller, the motor; maintain the rated voltage of the motor; gradually increase the load until the drive wheel drops to the speed corresponding to the bicycle speed of 10 km/h. Electric bicycles with only electric power-assist function are not applicable. 6.4 Fire retardancy 6.4.1 Fire retardancy requirements The fire retardancy properties of non-metallic materials used in electric bicycles meet the following requirements. 6.4.2 Fire retardancy test method The fire retardancy performance of non-metallic materials shall be tested according to the following method. 6.5 Plastic proportion 6.5.1 Plastic proportion requirements The total mass of plastics used in electric bicycles shall not exceed 5.5% of the total bicycle mass. 6.5.2 Test method for plastic proportion Measure the total plastic mass in the fully assembled electric bicycle and calculate the proportion in the total bicycle mass. For composite parts made of plastic and other materials, physical or chemical methods can be used to separate, distinguish or identify them; only the plastic part is calculated. 6.6 Beidou positioning function 6.6.1 Installation of Beidou module Electric bicycles used for business activities such as urban logistics and commercial leasing shall have Beidou modules, which shall be installed in fixed parts of the electric bicycle that are not easily damaged, have anti-disassembly and anti-tampering functions. Use general tools, wire cutting, jumper wires, etc. to verify the anti-disassembly and anti-tampering functions. 6.6.2 Signal reception and processing The Beidou module shall support Beidou independent positioning and at least be able to receive and process Beidou B1C and B2a signals. 6.7 Communication and dynamic safety monitoring 6.7.1 Communication function Electric bicycles shall have 4G or 5G public network communication modules, or other communication modules with similar functions. The communication module shall be installed in a fixed part of the electric bicycle that is not easily damaged; it shall have anti-disassembly and anti-tampering functions. Note. According to relevant regulations on radio management in China, it may be necessary to approve the radio transmission equipment model of the radio transmission module or the whole bicycle. 6.7.2 Dynamic safety monitoring function Electric bicycles shall have the function of sending the following dynamic safety monitoring information to the information management platform built by enterprises, etc.. 6.7.3 Frequency of information transmission When the electric bicycle is in the starting state (the bicycle power switch is closed) or charging state, the time interval between the transmission of information a), b), e) in 6.7.2 shall not exceed 30 s; in other states, the time interval between the transmission of information a), b), e) in 6.7.2 shall not exceed 60 min; 6.8 Anti-tampering 6.8.1 Anti-tampering of battery pack7 Enterprise quality assurance capabilities and productconsistency 7.1 General requirements The manufacturer shall have the production capacity, testing capacity and quality control capacity of the whole bicycle and frame (including front fork, rear flat fork, handlebar, etc., the same below) that matches the production capacity of electric bicycles. The production of the frame generally includes metal material cutting, bending, welding, electrophoresis and other process flows. 7.2 Enterprise production capacity 7.2.1 Basic requirements The manufacturer shall directly or indirectly have the frame production capacity that meets the quality requirements and matches the production capacity of electric bicycles. The indirect way includes one or more of the following. 7.2.2 Welding Manufacturers shall have gas shielded welding equipment that matches the bicycle production capacity, of which welding robots shall account for more than 70% of all welding equipment, the reset accuracy of welding robots shall be less than 0.1 mm. Check the welding-related project/process design, construction, acceptance documents, equipment specifications and other materials; conduct on-site inspections and verifications to measure the matching of equipment processing capacity with the company's bicycle production capacity. 7.2.3 Electrophoresis process The manufacturer shall have electrophoresis process equipment for main parts such as frames, front forks, rear flat forks, handlebars, etc. that match the production capacity of the whole bicycle. The bearing capacity of the suspension chain track of the electrophoresis process shall not be less than 60 kg, the power of the cathode electrophoresis power supply shall not be less than 200 kW, the volume of the electrophoresis tank shall not be less than 40 m3, the length of the electrophoresis line shall not be less than 300 m. 7.2.4 Workpiece transmission The manufacturer shall have an automated conveyor belt or hanging conveying system for workpieces that matches the production capacity of the whole bicycle. Check the relevant project/process design, construction, acceptance documents, equipment specifications and other materials of the hanging conveying system; conduct on-site inspection and verification, to calculate the matching of the transmission capacity with the enterprise's bicycle production capacity. 7.3 Enterprise testing capability The manufacturer shall have the testing capability to meet the routine inspection and confirmation inspection items in Table 2. 7.4 Enterprise quality control capability The manufacturer shall establish quality assurance capabilities, from key parts procurement, production process control to factory inspection, to ensure that mass- produced products continue to meet the requirements of the standards. It should meet the requirements of Appendix F for enterprise quality control capabilities. 7.5 Inspection rules 7.5.1 Type test Type test shall be carried out in any of the following situations. 7.5.2 Production consistency inspection Production consistency inspection includes routine inspection and confirmation inspection.8 Implementation of the standardFor products exit-factory or imported before the implementation date of this document, implementation shall begin 3 months after the implementation date of this document. ......Source: Above contents are excerpted from the full-copy PDF -- translated/reviewed by: www.ChineseStandard.net / Wayne Zheng et al. 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