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GB 1094.2-2013 English PDF

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GB 1094.2-2013: [GB/T 1094.2-2013] Power transformers -- Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers
Status: Valid

GB 1094.2: Historical versions

Standard IDUSDBUY PDFLead-DaysStandard Title (Description)Status
GB 1094.2-2013939 Add to Cart 6 days [GB/T 1094.2-2013] Power transformers -- Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers Valid
GB 1094.2-1996719 Add to Cart 5 days Power transformers. Part 2: Temperature rise Obsolete
GB 1094.2-1985RFQ ASK 3 days Power transformers--Part 2: Temperature rise Obsolete

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Basic data

Standard ID: GB 1094.2-2013 (GB1094.2-2013)
Description (Translated English): [GB/T 1094.2-2013] Power transformers -- Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers
Sector / Industry: National Standard
Classification of Chinese Standard: K41
Classification of International Standard: 29.180
Word Count Estimation: 36,375
Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GB 1094.2-1996
Quoted Standard: GB 1094.1; GB/T 13499-2002; IEC 60085-2007; IEC 61181-2007; IEC GUIDE 115-2007
Adopted Standard: IEC 60076-2-2011, MOD
Regulation (derived from): National Standards Bulletin No. 25 of 2013
Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Summary: This standard applies to liquid-immersed transformers. This standard specifies the sign of cooling transformer, the transformer temperature rise limits and test methods.

GB 1094.2-2013: [GB/T 1094.2-2013] Power transformers -- Part 2: Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers


---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.
Power transformers.Part 2. Temperature rise for liquid-immersed transformers ICS 29.180 K41 National Standards of People's Republic of China Replacing GB 1094.2-1996 Power Transformer Temperature liquid immersed transformers. Part 2 Part 2. Temperatureriseforliquid-immersedtransformers (IEC 60076-2.2011, MOD) Issued on. 2013-12-17 2014-12-14 implementation Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of People's Republic of China Standardization Administration of China released

Table of Contents

Preface Ⅰ 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 4 Cooling 3 5 normal cooling conditions 4 6 4 temperature rise limit 7 7 temperature rise test Appendix A (informative) by dissolved gas analysis method in detecting local overheating 14 Annex B (informative) liquid-immersed transformer temperature rise test technology 17 Annex C (informative) inside the top oil liquid temperature is determined OFAF and OFWF cooling transformer hot spot temperature rise 23 Annex D (informative) winding hot spot temperature estimation method 24 Annex E (informative) with fiber optic sensors to monitor winding hot spot temperature 27 References 31 Figure B.1 two independent DC power supply (each winding one each) of low resistance winding of a transformer recommended measuring circuit 18 Figure B.2 using a DC power supply (two windings share) Another recommended measuring circuit 19 Figure B.3 average winding temperature change after disconnecting the power 19 Figure B.4 by curve fitting θw (t) = A0-kt g × et/T w extrapolated cooling curve 22 Temperature Rise Figure D.1 ON Cooling System 24 Figure D.2 as the rated capacity and conductor width Q coefficient values (W) Function 25 Figure D.3 pancake windings Typical liquid flow path 26 Application of Optical Fiber Sensor 28 Figure E.1 mind transformer winding on the cake Figure E.2 fiber sensor applications in mind transformer transposition on the wire 29 Figure E.3 fiber optic sensors in the winding pad 29 Figure E.4 optical fiber sensor in the shell-type transformer high voltage winding 30 Table 1 5 temperature rise limit Table 2 special operating conditions recommended temperature limits for correction value 6 The test results in Table 3 temperature modification index 13 Table A.1 dissolved gases in oil minimum detectable value SD 15 Table A.2 gas temperature rise test license growth of 15 Table B.1 temperature measurement with the Variable Table 20 Table B.2 cooling curve data represents Example 21 Table C.1 certain conventional transformer winding hot spot temperature rise test data combined with temperature rise calculated using fiber optic sensors and straight Then measured winding hot spot temperature rise 23 Table E.1 recommended minimum number of three-phase double-winding transformer sensor 27 Table E.2 recommended minimum number of single-phase transformer sensor 27

Foreword

Chapter 4 of this section, Chapters 5 and 6 are mandatory, the rest are recommended. GB 1094 "Power Transformers" currently contains the following sections. --- Part 1. General; --- Part 2. liquid-immersed transformer temperature rise; --- Part 3. Insulation levels, dielectric tests and external insulation air gap; --- Part 4. Power transformers and reactors lightning impulse and switching impulse testing guidelines; --- Part 5. ability to withstand short circuit; --- Part 6. Reactors; --- Part 7. oil-immersed power transformer loading guidelines; --- Part 10. Determination of sound levels; --- Part 10.1. Determination of sound levels - Application guide; --- Part 11. Dry-type transformers; --- Part 12. Dry-type power transformer loading guidelines; --- Part 14. High temperature insulation materials liquid-immersed transformer design and application; --- Part 16. Wind power transformers. This section GB Part 2 1094. This section drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1-2009 given rules. This Part replaces GB 1094.2-1996 "Power transformers - Part 2. temperature rise" compared with GB 1094.2-1996, the main technical Changes are as follows. --- This section applies only to liquid-immersed transformers; --- Standard name changed to "liquid-immersed transformer temperature rise"; --- Gives terms and definitions related to temperature rise; --- Average winding temperature rise from the previous version of the 65K, to ON and OF cooling is 65K, OD cooling to 70K; --- Use the hot temperature limit parameters; --- Clearly defines the measurement method when the ambient temperature rise test; --- Improved temperature rise test methods; --- When the specified temperature rise test, test site cooling air temperature should be between 5 ℃ and transformer design is based on the maximum ambient temperature Degrees; --- Calculation formulas power off instantly average winding temperature rise; --- Increasing the winding hot spot temperature correction coefficient; --- Details of the hot temperature cooling ON and OD under the model; --- Describes the resistance measuring circuit; --- Details of the numerical calculation of the temperature curve extrapolation process; --- Describes the installation method of direct measurement of the winding hot spot temperature sensor. This section uses redrafted law revision using IEC 60076-2.2011 "Power transformers - Part 2. liquid-immersed transformers The temperature rise. " This part of IEC 60076-2.2011 technical differences and their reasons are as follows. --- In order to meet our technical requirements, by modifying the normative references international standards instead of GB 1094.1 IEC 60076-1; --- In order to meet our climate conditions, in Table 2, increased the average annual temperature is 15 ℃, the average monthly temperature is 25 ℃ and the maximum temperature When the correction value is 35 ℃ temperature rise limits; --- When the test site to comply with China's actual situation, in the first paragraph 7.2.1, the temperature rise test conducted by the minimum air temperature 10 ℃ to 5 ℃; --- To comply with the actual situation of the formula (B.2) in θom (t) = A0 (1-kt) is amended as θom (t) = A0-kt, in Fig. B.3 A0 (1-kt) is amended as A0-kt. This section also made the following editorial changes. --- 7.3.3 of the contents according to different products divided into 7.3.3.1 and 7.3.3.2; --- The IEC 60076-2.2011 in Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D to Appendix C, Appendix D, and Appendix B attached Record A; --- Fig B.1 and B.2 of identification 1U, 1V and 1W replaced with A, B and C; 2U, 2V and 2W with a, b and c for Change; 1N replaced with N; --- Formula (B.1), formula (B.3), formula (B.12), formula (B.13) and B.4 of B is amended as g; --- B.3 in the temperature measurement with the Variable Table as Table B.1, as the original table B.1 Table B.2. Please note that some of the content of this document may involve patents. Release mechanism of the present document does not assume responsibility for the identification of these patents. This part is proposed by the China Electrical Equipment Industrial Association. This part of the National Standardization Technical Committee transformers (SAC/TC44) centralized. This section is drafted. Shenyang Transformer Research Institute Co., Ltd., National Transformer Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Baoding Tianwei Electric Co., Ltd., TBEA Shenyang Transformer Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an Electric transformer limited liability Any company, East China Power Grid Co., Ltd., Jilin Electric Power Research Institute, TBEA Hengyang Transformer Co., Ltd., a limited SUNTEN equipment The company, Pearl Electric Co., Ltd., Wolong Electric Group Beijing Huatai Transformer Co., Ltd., Guangdong Julong Electric Power Equipment Co., Ltd., Wujiang change Pressure Factory Ltd., China Electric Power Research Institute, Electric Power (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Prosperous Electric Co., Ltd., Wolong Electric Gas Transformer Co., Ltd. Yinchuan Xinhua Electric Co., Ltd. are special. The main drafters of this section. Zhang Xianzhong, Zhangzhong States INVENTORY Ren Xiaohong, Hu Zhenzhong, AN Zhen, Lihong Xiu, Han Xiaodong, Jiang Yimin, Ao Ming Sunshu Bo, Li Xia, Caiding Guo, Hebao Zhen, the Origins of Chan Lin Canhua, Korea sieve root, Xuzai Hong, Fan Jianping, Lu Wei, Deng Xufeng. This part of the standard replaces the previous editions are. --- GB 1094.2-1985, GB 1094.2-1996. Power Transformer Temperature liquid immersed transformers. Part 2

1 Scope

GB 1094 this section applies to liquid-immersed transformers. This section provides flag transformer cooling mode, the transformer temperature rise limits And temperature rise test methods.

2 Normative references

The following documents for the application of this document is essential. For dated references, only the dated version suitable for use herein Member. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies to this document. GB 1094.1 Power transformers - Part 1. General (GB 1094.1-2013, IEC 60076-1.2011, MOD) GB/T 13499-2002 Application guide for power transformers (idtIEC 60076-8.1997) IEC 60085.2007 for electrical insulation and heat resistance assessment instructions (Electricalinsulation-Thermalevaluationand designation) IEC 61181.2007 Mineral oil-impregnated electrical equipment electrical equipment factory test of dissolved gas analysis (DGA) application [Min- eraloil-filedelectricalequipment-Applicationofdissolvedgasanalysis (DGA) tofactorytestson electricalequipment] IEC Guide 115.2007 Measurement uncertainty in conformity assessment in the field of Electrical Application (Applicationofuncertaintyof measurementtoconformityassessmentactivitiesintheelectrotechnicalsector)

3 Terms and Definitions

GB 1094.1 define the following terms and definitions apply to this document. 3.1 External cooling medium externalcoolingmedium Transformer cooling liquid circulating outside the system away transformer losses produce heat medium (air or water). 3.2 Internal cooling medium internalcoolingmedium Liquid contact with the transformer winding or other components, the heat generated by the loss they will pass the intermediate or external cooling medium. Note. The liquid may be a mineral oil and other natural or synthetic liquid. 3.3 Temperature temperaturerise Temperature of the component (parts) under consideration. the difference between the temperature of the external cooling medium (e.g., the average winding temperature). 3.4 Top temperature of the liquid top-liquidtemperature θo Tank top (top cooling circuit) of insulating liquid temperature. 3.5 Top liquid temperature top-liquidtemperaturerise Δθo Top temperature of the liquid cooling medium and the external temperature difference. 3.6 The bottom temperature of the liquid bottom-liquidtemperature θb Insulating liquid or cooling liquid temperature at the bottom position at the entrance of the windings. 3.7 Bottom liquid temperature bottom-liquidtemperaturerise Δθb And the bottom liquid temperature of the external cooling medium temperature difference. 3.8 The average temperature of the liquid averageliquidtemperature θom The average temperature of the liquid and the top of the bottom liquid temperature. 3.9 Average liquid temperature averageliquidtemperaturerise Δθom The average temperature difference between the liquid and the temperature of the external cooling medium 3.10 Average winding temperature averagewindingtemperature θw In the latter part of the temperature rise test temperature by measuring winding DC resistance value determined. 3.11 Average winding temperature rise averagewindingtemperaturerise Δθw The average difference between the external temperature and the coolant temperature of the winding. 3.12 The average winding temperature gradient averagewindinggradient The average temperature difference between the average temperature of the winding and the insulating liquid. 3.13 Winding hot spot temperature of the hot-spotwindingtemperature θh With solid insulation or insulating liquid in contact with the conductor winding hottest temperature. 3.14 Winding hot spot temperature hot-spotwindingtemperaturerise Δθh Differential winding hot spot temperature and the temperature of the external cooling medium. 3.15 Hot factor hot-spotfactor Dimensionless coefficient estimate winding local temperature increase due to the additional loss caused by the irrational and the liquid flow gradient for the increase. Note. The coefficient H is two coefficients Q and S of the product (see 3.16 and 3.17). 3.16 Coefficient factor Dimensionless factor used to estimate the additional losses due to localized increase due to increased average winding temperature gradient. 3.17 Coefficient factor Dimensionless factor used to estimate the increase due to the liquid flow caused by the irrational winding local mean temperature gradient. 3.18 Thermally modified paper thermalyupgradedpaper After one kind of chemical methods to improve and reduce the degradation rate of the paper fiber paper. If the kind of paper in a sealed tube at 110 ℃ after 65000h or formula (1) given time/temperature combination can protect Holding 50% of the tensile strength, which is called thermal modification paper. t = 65000 × e 15,000 θh 273- 15,000 110 () 273 (1) Where. --- T time, in hours (h). Note 1. inhibiting substance or water with a stabilizing agent RSG can be formed by partially removing the water to reduce the effects of aging. Note 2. The test method can be used as a reference to the nitrogen content, see GB/T 1094.7.

4 Cooling

4.1 glyph Cooled transformers shall be marked manner. For liquid-immersed transformers, the cooling mode using the following four letters mark. The first letter (on behalf of the internal cooling medium). --- O. mineral oil ignition point of not more than 300 ℃ or synthetic insulating liquid; --- K. flash point greater than 300 ℃ of the insulating liquid; --- L. ignition undetectable insulating liquid. The second letter (on behalf of internal cooling medium circulation patterns). --- N. liquid flow flowing through the cooling device and the winding interior natural convection circulation; --- F. cooling liquid flow is forced circulation, the flow of liquid flowing through the windings inside the convection loop; --- D. cooling liquid flow is forced circulation, and at least in the main flow of the liquid inside the winding guide is forced circulation. The third letter (on behalf of external cooling medium). --- A. air; --- W. water. The fourth letter (on behalf of external cooling medium circulation patterns). --- N. natural convection; --- F. forced circulation (fans, pumps, etc.). Note 1. This section, K classes and use of L-based insulating fluid only from an environmental and safety point of view to consider. Note 2. forced liquid circulation guide (second letter D) transformer flows through the main liquid flow is determined by the winding of the pump, in principle, by the negative Upload decision. Flowing through the cooling apparatus of a small portion of the liquid flow rate can be controllably directed flow through other parts of the core and the main winding outside, so that It cooled. Tap winding and/or other smaller capacity windings may be non-oriented liquid recycle. In unguided forced liquid circulation (second letter F) transformer flows through the liquid flow is all windings with the load changes, and cooling equipment The pump flow is not directly related. 4.2 transformer cooling with a variety of ways A transformer may require several different cooling. In this case, the specification and the plate should be given under different cooling capacity Value, so that in the case of a cooling capacity required by and run when the transformer temperature does not exceed the limits, see GB 1094.1. Capacity at maximum cooling capacity is the value of the transformer (transformer winding or a winding, see GB 1094.1) rated capacity, not With the cooling arrangement according to the cooling capacity is increased in the order. For example. --- ONAN/ONAF. transformer with a group of fans, when a large load, the fan can be put into operation. In either cooling mode, Liquid flow according to the thermal convection cycle; --- ONAN/OFAF. transformer equipped with pumps and fan type cooling equipment, also provides natural cooling in (for example. Auxiliary Case of a power failure or lack of capacity) reduced capacity.

5 normal cooling conditions

5.1 air cooling transformer Power Transformer normal ambient temperature limits see GB 1094.1. Taking into account the requirements of normal temperature, the temperature of the transformer installation site should not exceed. --- Any time. 40 ℃; --- Hottest average. 30 ℃; --- Average. 20 ℃. Note. Average temperature weather data obtained by the following (see GB 1094.1). --- Monthly average temperature. a month, half of the average number of years of statistics the average daily maximum temperature and the daily minimum temperature and the; --- The annual average temperature. throughout the year, and the monthly average temperature of 1/12. 5.2 Water cooling transformer Normal cooling conditions for the water cooling of the transformer at the cooler inlet temperature of cooling water at any time should not exceed 25 ℃ Or the annual average temperature should not exceed 20 ℃. If the water temperature exceeds the value of the runtime, provision should be low temperature (see GB 1094.1).

6 temperature rise limit

6.1 Overview Temperature requirements shall be specified following different options. --- At the rated capacity of a set of requirements for continuous operation (see 6.2); --- If the specified duty cycle should be explicitly given a set of additional requirements relating thereto (see 6.4). Note. This additional set of requirements is mainly used in the system of large transformers, because in an emergency under a load operation requires special attention. Generally should not use For medium and small transformers. This section assumes that, each part transformer operating temperature of the external cooling medium (cooling or ambient air around the water) and the temperature of the portion And the temperature rise. Except as otherwise specified, the normal temperature limits apply. There are other provisions, the temperature limit of 6.3 should be amended. The temperature rise limit does not allow positive deviation. Temperature limits rated capacity under 6.2 For tapping range does not exceed ± 5%, and the rated capacity of not more than 2500kVA (single-phase 833kVA) transformer temperature rise limits applicable For rated voltages corresponding to the main tap (see GB 1094.1). For tapping range exceeding ± 5% or greater than the rated capacity 2500kVA transformer capacity in the appropriate tap, tap voltage and points Then current, temperature rise limits apply to all tap. Note 1. The points took different load loss is different, and when the predetermined time-varying magnetic flux regulator, no-load loss is different. Note 2. For independent winding transformer, its biggest loss of load tap generally has a maximum current tap. Note 3. For tapped autotransformer, it has a maximum load loss depends on the tap tap arrangement. For multi......
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