GB/T 51330-2019 English PDF
Basic dataStandard ID: GB/T 51330-2019 (GB/T51330-2019)Description (Translated English): Technical standard for traditional building engineering Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: P04 Word Count Estimation: 211,229 Date of Issue: 2019-04-09 Date of Implementation: 2019-08-01 Regulation (derived from): Natural Resources Department Announcement No. 7 of 2019 Issuing agency(ies): Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; State Administration for Market Regulation GB/T 51330-2019: Technical standard for traditional building engineering---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.1 General 1.0.1 This standard is formulated in order to standardize the design and construction of traditional construction projects, inherit traditional crafts, achieve safety, reliability, mature technology, reasonable economy, and ensure quality. 1.0.2 This standard applies to the design and construction of new construction projects with typical traditional regulations and practices. 1.0.3 When planning and designing traditional buildings, earthquake resistance, fire protection, energy saving, moisture resistance, anticorrosion, insect protection, lightning protection and energy saving shall comply with the current national standards. 1.0.4 The design and construction of traditional building projects should not only comply with this standard, but also comply with the current relevant national standards. 2 terms 2.0.1 traditional building A building that has heritage, universality, and evolution in terms of appearance, structure and decorative features, use of materials, and construction practices. 2.0.2 breadth, bay Parallel to the direction of the truss and purlin, and located on the same straight line, it is the horizontal distance from the centerline to the centerline of two adjacent eaves columns. 2.0.3 depth It is the horizontal distance between the centerlines of two columns that are parallel to the direction of the beam frame and located on the same straight line that are farthest from each other. 2.0.4 Yong Road corridor The road facing the main buildings such as halls and tombs in the middle of large courtyards or cemeteries is paved with bricks and stones. There is flooding on both sides of the road, and there is more water on both sides, and the ends of both sides are paved with Yazi bricks. 2.0.5 Timber frame The general term for load-bearing wooden structures and their combinations in wooden structures. 2.0.6 Dougong bracket set It consists of a square Dousheng, a rectangular Gong and an oblique Ang. The load-bearing structure is picked out, and the load of the roof is transferred to the columns through the dougong, which is the transition between the roof and the facade of the building, and has a decorative effect. 2.0.7 tenon and mortise A concave-convex connection method used on two wooden components. The protruding part is called tenon (tenon), and the concave part is called tenon (mortise, tenon and groove). 2.0.8 gable wall The vertical walls at both ends of the building can be triangular or stepped in the upper part. 2.0.9 eave wall The enclosure wall under the eave purlin. The position of the back eaves is called the back eaves wall, and the position of the front eaves is called the front eaves wall. Those that expose the rafters are called old eaves or exposed eaves; those that do not expose the rafters are called sealed eaves or sealed back eaves. 2.0.10 hard mountain flush gable roof A form of roof structure. The roof has two slopes at the front and the back, and the two gables directly support the two-slope roof. The girders and purlins on the gable face do not protrude, and the purlin beams are all enclosed within the gables. 2.0.11 overhanging gable roof A form of roof structure. The roof has two slopes at the front and back, and the girders or purlins at both ends extend beyond the gable to support the cantilevered roof. Hanging Mountain is also called Tiaoshan Mountain. 2.0.12 Xieshan gable and hip roof A form of roof structure. The roof structure formed by the intersection of the verandah hall and the hanging mountain has one main ridge, four vertical ridges, and four closing ridges, also known as the nine-ridge hall. 2.0.13 hip roof A form of roof structure. There are slopes on the front, back, left, and right sides of the roof, and a building with one main ridge and four vertical ridges, also known as the five-ridge hall. Because the five ridges divide the roof into four roofs and slope roofs with flowing water on all sides, it is also called Sia Ding. 2.0.14 Upper threshold headsill The topmost crossbar of the frame used to install the partition is close to the eaves, also known as the replacement pile. 2.0.15 lower threshold mudsill The frame used for installing door and window partitions is attached to the crossbar on the ground. 2.0.16 matchboard door A wooden door assembled with planks of the same thickness is also called a solid door. 2.0.17 checkerboard door The four sides are wiped with thicker sides to build up the outer frame, and the door is equipped with thin plate belts. Because of its shape like a chessboard, it is also called the chessboard gate. 2.0.18 piedai door Only one door edge is used, no need to wipe the head up and down, and only the belt pin is used to close the door core board. One end of the threading belt is used as a tenon, and a mortise is chiseled on the edge of the door to combine the door panel with the edge of the door; the other end of the threading belt is loosened and connected with another pressing belt, and the other three sides of the door are not edged. 2.0.19 screen door screen door The door installed in the indoor rear gold pillar (rear step pillar). 2.0.20 Meizi hanging panel There are two kinds of lintels, the ones installed under the eaves are called upside-down lintels, and the ones installed under the stools are called stool lintels. 2.0.21 Diyuan floor fascia of circular gate The channel part is a perfectly circular ground cover. 3.1 General provisions 3.1.1 Traditional construction projects should meet the requirements of urban and rural planning, economically and effectively use land, protect ecology, and coordinate with the surrounding environment. 3.1.2 Traditional construction projects should be designed according to the local climate and landform characteristics, the style characteristics of local traditional buildings and the needs of modern society. 3.1.3 The design of traditional architectural projects should respect traditional cultural customs and national customs, inherit the characteristics of traditional buildings, use traditional materials according to local conditions, and adopt economical and reasonable technical measures to reflect local and national characteristics. 3.2 Shape features 3.2.1 The shape and features of traditional buildings shall meet the following requirements. 1 Traditional architectural planning and design should follow the shape rules of different periods, and should weigh the size, grasp the proportion and scale, and coordinate the shape and style; 2.When designing hard hills, hanging hills, Xie hills, hipped halls, and Cuanjian, the design should be carried out in accordance with their shape and structure, the size and structure of the roof ridge, the structural characteristics of the era of kissing beasts, and regional characteristics. 3.2.2 The width and depth design of traditional buildings shall meet the following requirements. 1.The width and depth of each room of a building with Dougong shall be determined by the number of Dougong; 2 The width and depth of buildings without dougong shall be determined according to the plot, functional requirements and grade system, and the upper limit shall be determined according to building materials and structural forms. The size of the exposed room should conform to the traditional scale. 3.2.3 When wooden structures are selected for traditional buildings, the planar column network shall meet the following requirements. 1 The column network of buildings on hard hills and suspended hills should adopt the forms of two-row columns, three-row columns, four-row columns, etc.; 2.The column grid of Xieshan buildings should adopt two-row columns, three-row columns, four-row columns, five-row columns, six-row columns, etc.; 3.The column nets of verandah buildings should adopt three-row four-column or six-column column nets, four-row multi-column column nets, six-row multi-column column nets, etc.; 4 In terms of bays, it can be divided into single bay and multi-bay; in terms of corridor form, it can be divided into no corridor, front corridor and no corridor behind, front and rear corridors, and surrounding corridors. 3.2.4 The main structure of traditional buildings shall meet the following requirements. 1 The platform foundation shall consist of three parts. the platform body, step steps and railings, located under the columns and enclosure, and shall meet the following requirements. 1) Ordinary platform foundations should include capstones, step stones, buried heads, soil linings, steep slabs, scattered water, etc.; 2) The base of Xumizuo should include pillar capstones, Guijiao, Xiafang, Xiaxiao, Tuyao, Shangxiao, Shangfang, etc. 2.Columns shall include column bases, eaves columns falling on platform foundations, golden columns, child columns with column feet falling on beam ridges, upper supporting beam purlins and Dougong layers. 3 The enclosure shall be arranged along the axis of the column grid for space division, including doors, windows, walls, lintels, etc. 4 The column frame should be composed of beams, columns, and beams in the depth direction. According to the design requirements, three frames, five frames, seven frames, nine frames, etc. can be used. should be composed. 5 The roof shall consist of wood base and tiles, and the wood base shall include rafters, watchboards (bricks), etc. 3.3 Timber frame design 3.3.1 The wooden frame of traditional buildings should be divided into beam-lifting type, bucket-through type, dry-wall type and well-dry type frame. 3.3.2 Lifting beam structure shall meet the following requirements. 1 The basic construction method should be a frame composed of columns and beams until the spine and melon columns are erected on the beams of the uppermost layer; 2.The beam frame with several layers overlapping shall be reduced layer by layer and increased step by step until the spine and melon column are erected on the beam of the uppermost layer; 3.The purlins should be supported on the beam heads and spine columns of each floor, and multiple rafters should be closely arranged between the purlins to form a roof truss. 3.3.3 The bucket-through structure shall meet the following requirements. 1 The column frame shall be composed of columns and steps; 2 For the column along the depth direction of the building, the column head should directly support the purlin; 3 When there are many floor-to-ceiling columns and the column spacing is relatively dense, the height should gradually increase from front to back to the center along the depth direction; 4 In this truss frame, the columns should be connected as a whole by piercing through the column body. 3.3.4 In addition to conforming to the requirements of the penetrating bucket structure for the dry-wall structure, the ground floor overhead shall not be closed. 3.3.5 The dry structure of the well shall be stacked parallel to layers of logs or rectangular or hexagonal logs, and the ends of the logs at the corners shall intersect to form the four walls of the house. 3.3.6 The design of large timber frame shall meet the following requirements. 1 The design of the wooden frame should be carried out according to the requirements of the traditional architectural form, and the component materials should be selected from modern engineered wood in addition to natural wood; 2 When the wooden roof is connected by hooks, external drainage should be used; when internal drainage is used, wooden gutters shall not be used; 3 Ventilation and moisture-proof measures shall be taken for the timber frame; 4 The design and processing of structural members shall ensure the strength, rigidity and stability of the members during transportation and installation; 5 For the design of timber frame in earthquake zone, structurally, the connection between members, structure and support should be strengthened, and the connection between two parts or two members with large difference in stiffness must be safe and reliable, and the connection between two parts should be adopted. Energy dissipation and shock absorption design measures. 3.3.7 Dougong design should meet the following requirements. 1 Dougong design shall meet the structural safety and functional requirements of components such as Dougong, Ang and Sufang; 2 The design of each component of the Dougong layer shall be carried out according to the shape and material requirements of the traditional building Dougong. 3.3.8 The mortise and tenon connection of wooden components shall meet the following requirements. 1 The fixed vertical member shall adopt pipe tenon or top tenon; 2 When the vertical member is tied or intersected with the horizontal member, steamed tenon, dovetail tenon, hoop tenon, through tenon and half tenon shall be used; 3 When horizontal components intersect each other, dovetail tenon, engraved half tenon and snap waist tenon shall be used; 4 When the horizontal and inclined components are overlapping and stable, planting tenons and crossing tenons shall be used; 5 When the horizontal and inclined components are half-overlapped, it is advisable to use truss bowls, raked beams and engraved tenons, and half-pressed palm tenons; 6.Silver ingot buckles, threading belts, hand-made belts, cuts and tongue and grooves should be used for seam splicing. 4.1 Construction Timber 4.1.1 Traditional building timber materials shall meet the following requirements. 1 The main load-bearing components should use coniferous materials with straight branches, and the important wooden components such as long-span beams should use rot-resistant and hard broad-leaved materials with fine wood, straight grain, no knots and no other defects. 2 When new species of wood are used as load-bearing structures, they shall comply with the provisions of the current national standard "Design Standards for Timber Structures" GB 50005. 3 The timber used for load-bearing structural timber components can be classified into three grades, and the design shall be selected according to the requirements of Table 4.1.1. Table 4.1.1 Material grades of load-bearing structural timber members 4 The grade of wood material shall be graded according to the stress requirements of the load-bearing structure. The material selection should comply with the current national standard "Design Standards for Timber Structures" GB ? 50005, and grade standards for commercial materials should not be used instead. 5 When making components, the moisture content of wood should meet the following requirements. 1) Logs or square logs used for structural members should not exceed 25%; 2) For plate structures and connecting plates of tension members, it should not exceed 18%; 3) For wooden connectors, it should not be greater than 15%. 6 When green timber is directly used to make components, the log or square timber structure shall meet the following requirements. 1) After the building or structure is completed, the inspection and maintenance of the structure should be strengthened; 2) The plate structure and connecting plates of tension members should not be made of wet materials. 4.1.2 The specification grade and quality of tree species used for wood decoration shall meet the design requirements. The material selection standard for wood decoration components shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.1.2. Table 4.1.2 Material selection criteria for wood decoration components Note. The material specifications in the table are wool specifications. 4.2 Bricks and tiles 4.2.1 Locally produced bricks and tiles should be used for traditional buildings, and the specifications should be selected according to design requirements. 4.2.2 The size tolerance and appearance quality of traditional bricks shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.2.2. Table 4.2.2 Permissible deviation of traditional brick size and appearance quality standard 1 Color difference, embossing, napping, embossing, etc. applied to the decorative surface shall not be regarded as defects; 2 Anyone with the following defects shall not be called a complete surface. 1) The size of the damaged surface of the defect on the strip surface or the top surface is greater than 10mm×10mm at the same time; 2) Cracks on the strip surface or the top surface are greater than 1mm, and the length exceeds 30mm; 3) Indentation, sticking to the bottom, and scorching on the strip surface or the top surface are depressed or protruded by more than 2mm, and the area size is larger than 10mm×10mm at the same time. 4.2.3 The size tolerance and appearance quality of traditional composite tiles shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.2.3. Table 4.2.3 Dimensional tolerances and appearance quality standards of traditional composite tiles 4.2.4 The size tolerance and appearance quality of traditional glazed tiles and glazed decorative parts shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.2.4. Table 4.2.4 Dimensional tolerances and appearance quality standards of traditional glazed tiles and glazed decorative parts Continued Table 4.2.4 Note. The glaze color of glazed decorative parts should be basically the same, the surface should be smooth and tidy, and the glaze color should be bright and pure. 4.3 Building stone 4.3.1 The main technical properties of natural stone shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.3.1. Table 4.3.1 Main technical properties of natural stone 4.3.2 The stone used for stone masonry shall meet the requirements of the strength grade and rock type specified in the design, and shall be solid in texture without weathering, spalling and cracks. 4.3.3 The selection of traditional building stones shall meet the following requirements. 1 Stone can be divided into material stone and rough stone according to the regularity of the shape after processing. When the design has no specific requirements on the strength of the stone, the compressive strength shall be in accordance with the requirements in Table 4.3.3. Table 4.3.3 Compressive strength of stone 2 Stone materials shall be subject to batch inspection and sampling inspection according to the factory inspection regulations. The inspection content includes specification size deviation, flatness limit tolerance, angle limit tolerance, appearance quality, surface finish, etc. 4.3.4 The appearance quality of the surface of the material stone should meet the requirements in Table 4.3.4. Table 4.3.4 Appearance quality standard of material stone 4.3.5 The processing quality of the stone surface shall meet the requirements in Table 4.3.5. Table 4.3.5 Quality Requirements for Stone Surface Processing 4.3.6 The width and thickness of masonry materials should not be less than.200mm; the length should not be greater than 4 times the thickness. The processing allowable deviation of the specification and size of the material stone shall comply with the provisions in Table 4.3.6. Table 4.3.6 Allowable Deviations in Machining of Material Stone Specifications and Sizes 4.4 Construction quicklime 4.4.1 The magnesia content of calcareous quicklime should not exceed 5%, and the magnesia content of magnesia quicklime should be greater than 5%. The technical indicators of quicklime in traditional buildings shall meet the requirements in Table 4.4.1. Table 4.4.1 Technical indicators of building quicklime 4.4.2 The technical indicators of building quicklime powder shall meet the requirements in Table 4.4.2. Table 4.4.2 Technical indicators of quicklime powder for construction Continued Table 4.4.2 4.4.3 The technical indica...... Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 51330-2019_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 51330-2019_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. 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