GB/T 50125-2010 English PDF
Basic dataStandard ID: GB/T 50125-2010 (GB/T50125-2010)Description (Translated English): Standard for basic terms of water and wastewater engineering Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: P40 Classification of International Standard: 91.140.01 Word Count Estimation: 170,161 Date of Issue: 2010-05-31 Date of Implementation: 2010-12-01 Older Standard (superseded by this standard): GBJ 125-1989 Regulation (derived from): Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Bulletin No.620 Issuing agency(ies): Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China; General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Summary: This standard applies to the design of water and wastewater engineering, construction inspection and operation management. GB/T 50125-2010: Standard for basic terms of water and wastewater engineering---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.1 General 1.0.1 This standard is formulated in order to unify the basic terms and definitions of my country's water supply and drainage engineering construction and realize the standardization of professional basic terms. 1.0.2 This standard applies to the design, construction acceptance and operation management of water supply and drainage projects. 1.0.3 Terms related to water supply and drainage engineering not included in this standard shall comply with the relevant national standards and regulations. 2 General terms 2.0.1 water supply engineering Raw water collection, transportation, treatment and finished water supply and distribution projects. 2.0.2 wastewater engineering, sewerage Projects for the collection, transportation, treatment, regeneration and disposal of sewage and rainwater. 2.0.3 water supply system The whole composed of various related facilities of water supply engineering. 2.0.4 drainage system wastewater engineering system The whole composed of various related facilities of the drainage project. 2.0.5 Wastewater system, sewage system Drainage systems that collect, transport, treat, regenerate and dispose of sewage. 2.0.6 storm system Drainage systems that collect, convey, treat, regenerate and dispose of stormwater. 2.0.7 centralized water supply central water supply It is a water supply method that collects water from the water source after treatment and sends it to users or public water intake points through the water transmission and distribution network. 2.0.8 decentralized water supply decentralized water supply Distributed water supply from water sources after simple treatment. 2.0.9 secondary water supply secondary water supply The water supply method that supplies water from public water supply or self-built facilities to users after storage, pressurization or advanced treatment and disinfection. 2.0.10 drainage system sewerage system There are two basic ways of collecting and transporting sewage and rainwater in an area. confluence system and diversion system. 2.0.11 combined system A drainage method that collects and conveys sewage and stormwater in the same pipe system. 2.0.12 separate system A drainage method in which sewage and rainwater are collected and transported separately by different pipe systems. 2.0.13 water quantity The volume value of water. 2.0.14 water consumption norm Unit water consumption indicators formulated for different water users. 2.0.15 Wastewater flow norm The unit displacement index formulated for different drainage objects. 2.0.16 Design scale design scale The production capacity that should be achieved within the design target years. Its unit of measurement is usually expressed in m3/d. 2.0.17 Design flow design flow The calculated flow rate of structures, equipment or pipelines under set working conditions. Its unit of measurement is usually expressed in m3/s. 2.0.18 water supply supplying water, water output The volume of water exported by a water utility or facility. 2.0.19 water consumption The amount of water consumed by the user. 2.0.20 Wastewater flow, sewage flow The amount of polluted water discharged by the drain. 2.0.21 Drinking water for drinking water The water quality meets the domestic drinking water hygiene standard. 2.0.22 Comprehensive domestic water for domestic and public use The general term for residential water, public buildings and facility water. 2.0.23 Urban wastewater, sewage A general term for comprehensive domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and infiltrated groundwater. 2.0.24 dry weather sewage Municipal sewage on a combined sewer system on a sunny day. 2.0.25 domestic sewage, sewage Sewage produced by residents. 2.0.26 comprehensive sewage comprehensive sewage Sewage produced by residents and public services. 2.0.27 industrial waste water Wastewater produced in the production process of industrial enterprises. 2.0.28 Infiltrated ground water Groundwater that enters drainage channels and channels through channels and auxiliary structures. 2.0.29 Combined sewage combined sewage The general term for sewage and stormwater in a combined sewerage system. 2.0.30 initial rainfall runoff initial rainfall runoff The runoff with some pollution produced in the early stage after rainfall. Also known as initial rain. 2.0.31 initial rainwater removal When rainwater is used, a certain amount of heavily polluted initial rainwater is discarded. 2.0.32 use of rainwater The whole process of protecting and utilizing rainwater resources by adopting various measures. 2.0.33 Water reclamation, wastewater renovation It is a process in which sewage is used as a regenerated water source, and after being purified and treated to meet the specified water quality standards, it is transported through pipelines or used on-site. 2.0.34 Water for scenic environment Environmental water that meets the needs of the landscape, that is, the general term for water used to create urban landscape water bodies and various waterscape structures. 2.0.35 Reclaimed water, renovated water After the sewage is treated, the water quality meets the water utilization requirements. 2.0.36 reclaimed water consumption The volume of water provided to recycled water users. 2.0.37 Water for miscellaneous use Non-potable water used for toilet flushing, road cleaning, fire protection, greening, vehicle washing, building construction, etc. 2.0.38 average daily output, average daily supplying water The value obtained by dividing the total water supply in a year by the number of water supply days in a year. 2.0.39 maximum daily output, maximum daily supplying water The largest daily water supply in the year. 2.0.40 daily variation coefficient The ratio of the maximum daily water supply to the average daily water supply. 2.0.41 hourly variation coefficient The ratio of the highest daily water supply or water consumption to the daily average hourly water supply or water consumption. 2.0.42 minimum service head minimum service head The minimum water head to be maintained by the distribution network at the point of connection to the consumer. 2.0.43 runoff coefficient The ratio of surface runoff to rainfall in a certain catchment area. 2.0.44 catchment area The area of the drainage basin that collects rainfall through storm sewers. 2.0.45 Rainfall intensity The amount of rainfall per unit time. It is commonly used in engineering to measure the rainfall volume per unit area per unit time, and its measurement unit is usually expressed in [L/(s·hm2)]. 2.0.46 recurrence interval Within a certain long statistical period, it is equal to or greater than the average interval time between occurrences of a certain statistical object. 2.0.47 duration of rainfall Any continuous period in the rainfall process. 2.0.48 Inlet time, concentration time The time it takes for rainwater to flow from the ground at the farthest point of the corresponding catchment to the storm sewer inlet. Also known as catchment time. 2.0.49 time of flow The time that rainwater travels in the canal. 2.0.50 water quality water quality In water supply and drainage engineering, the physical, chemical and biological properties of water. 2.0.51 raw water raw water Water to be treated without any treatment or for water quality treatment. 2.0.52 water source The raw water body used by the water supply project. 2.0.53 surface water surface water Water that exists on the surface of the Earth's crust and is exposed to the atmosphere. 2.0.54 ground water ground water Water that exists in cracks in rocks in the Earth's crust or in voids in soil. 2.0.55 water intake The process of collecting raw water from a water source. 2.0.56 water transmission The process of transporting water from the water source to the water plant or pumping station, and from the water plant to the water distribution network or pumping station. 2.0.57 water distribution The process of transporting water from a waterworks to consumers through pipelines. 2.0.58 pumping house Buildings or structures built with water pump units and auxiliary facilities for lifting liquids. 2.0.59 pumping station The general term for pump room and supporting facilities. 2.0.60 self-priming Use the water level to be higher than the pump body, so that the water pump is filled with water to start the water diversion method. 2.0.61 pipeline Closed channels for conveying liquids, gases, etc. 2.0.62 channel channel, conduit Artificial excavation, renovation, masonry or natural water delivery channels. 2.0.63 river pipe Pipelines crossing rivers. 2.0.64 inverted siphon inverted siphon When encountering obstacles such as rivers and railways, the pipeline is laid in a U-shape longitudinally and bypasses the obstacles. 2.0.65 Siphon siphon The liquid is guided to the lower pipe through the gravity of the pipe section above the liquid level. 2.0.66 full depth ratio A parameter of how full the channel is with liquid. 2.0.67 head loss Energy consumption caused by water passing through pipes, equipment, and structures. 2.0.68 covered depth The vertical distance from the top of the buried pipeline to the ground surface. 2.0.69 buried depth The vertical distance from the inner bottom of the buried pipeline to the ground surface. 2.0.70 water treatment The process of improving water quality by using physical, chemical, biological and other methods on raw water. 2.0.71 sewage treatment, wastewater treatment The process of purifying sewage by physical, chemical, biological and other methods. 2.0.72 physical treatment physical treatment The process of removing impurities in water by physical means. 2.0.73 chemical treatment chemical treatment The process of chemically removing impurities from water. 2.0.74 biological treatment biological treatment The process of removing impurities in water by biological action. 2.0.75 Conventional treatment 1 Treatment for the purpose of removing turbidity and inactivating bacteria and viruses in water treatment, generally including coagulation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. 2 General term for pretreatment, primary treatment, secondary treatment and disinfection in sewage treatment. 2.0.76 pre-treatment pre-treatment 1 Treatment before routine treatment of feed water. 2 Treatment before entering the membrane treatment device. 3 The treatment before the primary treatment of sewage generally includes grating, sand settling, etc. 2.0.77 advanced treatment Processing set after normal processing. 2.0.78 primary treatment Sewage is the process of removing suspended solids through sedimentation. 2.0.79 Enhanced primary treatment The process of adding coagulant or biological sludge to improve the removal rate of primary treatment pollutants. 2.0.80 secondary treatment secondary treatment After the primary treatment of sewage, the biological method is used to further remove the colloid and dissolved organic matter in the sewage. 2.0.81 Tertiary treatment After the secondary treatment of sewage, the process of further removing pollutants. 2.0.82 water treatment planttwaterworks A plant that treats raw water and supplies it to consumers. Also known as water plant. 2.0.83 Wastewater treatment plant, WWTP A factory that purifies sewage. 2.0.84 water distribution plant Pressurize and distribute the factory water to the user's pumping station. 2.0.85 super high freeboard The height of the pool top of the structure above the design water level. 2.0.86 Aeration Through the contact between water and air, the process of dissolving oxygen or dissipating dissolved gases and volatile substances in water is carried out. 2.0.87 Mixing The process of rapidly and evenly diffusing the input agent into the water. 2.0.88 coagulation In order to weaken the repulsion between colloidal particles or destroy their hydrophilicity, the process of making the particles easy to contact each other and adsorb. 2.0.89 flocculation The process in which fine particles in water collide with each other and coalesce under external disturbance to form larger flocculent particles. 2.0.90 coagulation The general term for coagulation and flocculation. 2.0.91 sedimentation The process of removing suspended solids in water by gravity settling. 2.0.92 clarification clarification The process of removing suspended solids in water by contacting with high concentration sludge. 2.0.93 filter filtration The process in which water flows through a material layer with pores to remove suspended matter in water. 2.0.94 microfiltration (MF) Under pressure, the water to be treated flows through a filter membrane with a pore size of 0.05 μm to 5 μm to intercept impurities in the water. 2.0.95 ultrafiltration ultrafiltration Under the action of pressure, the water to be treated flows through a filter membrane with a pore size of 5nm to 100nm to intercept impurities in the water. 2.0.96 Nanofiltration Under pressure, it is used in the membrane separation process for removing multivalent ions, some monovalent ions and organic substances with a molecular weight of.200-1000. 2.0.97 ion exchange method ion exchange The process of using ion exchangers to remove certain salt ions in water. 2.0.98 Electrodialysis (ED) Under the action of an electric field, the ions in water migrate through the ion exchange membrane. 2.0.99 Disinfection The process of inactivating pathogens. 2.0.100 Stabilization treatment of water quality The process of bringing the concentration of calcium carbonate and carbon dioxide in water to a state of equilibrium. Also known as water balance. 2.0.101 surface hydraulic load hydraulic surface loading The amount of water passing through a unit surface area of a water treatment structure per unit time. Its unit of measurement is usually expressed in m3/(m2 h), also known as liquid level load. 2.0.102 weir load weir loading The amount of water passing per unit weir length per unit time. Its unit of measurement is usually expressed in L/(s m). 2.0.103 coagulant Agents that destabilize and coalesce colloidal particles. 2.0.104 coagulant aid Auxiliary agents to improve flocculation conditions and effects. 2.0.105 filter aid filter aid Agents that help improve filter media filtration performance and efficiency. 2.0.106 disinfectant disinfectant Chemical agent with disinfection function. 2.0.107 residual chlorine After chlorine injection, the general term for free chlorine and combined chlorine remaining in water. 2.0.108 free residual chlorine free residual chlorine Residual chlorine in water in the form of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite. 2.0.109 Combinative residual chlorine Chlorine in the form of dichloramine and monochloramine in water. 2.0.110 regeneration period The interval between two regenerations of the adsorption medium. 2.0.111 Sludge water waste residuals The general term for sedimentation tank sediment discharge water and filter backwash drainage. 2.0.112 sludge sludge Semi-solid or solid substances produced during sewage purification or deposited in drainage pipes, excluding screen slag, scum and grit in grit chambers. 2.0.113 Chemical sludge Sediment produced by chemical treatment of sewage. 2.0.114 sludge water content sludge water content The water contained in the sludge is the mass percentage of the wet sludge. 2.0.115 dry sludge quantity dry sludge quantity Amount of sludge in terms of dry solid mass. 2.0.116 Waste residuals treatment The process of collecting, concentrating, drying and discharging sludge water. 2.0.117 sludge treatment sludge treatment The process of sludge reduction, stabilization and harmless treatment generally includes conditioning, concentration, dehydration, anaerobic or aerobic digestion, lime stabilization, composting, drying and incineration. 2.0.118 sludge disposal sludge disposal The final disposal process of treated sludge generally includes land use, landfill and construction material utilization. 2.0.119 thickening, concentration The process of reducing the moisture content of sludge or sludge water by gravity, air flotation or mechanical methods. 2.0.120 dehydration sludge dewatering The process of further removing water after the sludge or sludge water is concentrated, generally adopts mechanical methods. 2.0.121 dry sludge drying The process of removing most of the water from sludge and sludge water by means of infiltration and evaporation. 2.0.122 pipe working pressure The maximum continuous pressure acting on the inner wall of the pipe under normal working conditions. 2.0.123 pipe design pressure pipe design pressure The maximum instantaneous pressure acting on the inner wall of the pipe used in the design. 2.0.124 flexible interface flexible joint An interface that allows connecting pipes to be borrowed within a certain range. 2.0.125 Rigid interface rigid joint It is not allowed to connect the interface that the pipe borrows. 2.0.126 nominal pipe diameter normal diameter of pipes Nominal pipe diameters for pipe, pipe fittings, and pipe fittings. 2.0.127 nominal pressure normal pipe pressure Maximum working pressure of pipes, pipe fittings and pipe fittings at 20°C. 2.0.128 pipeline corrosion prevention of pipes Measures taken to slow down or prevent pipelines from being corroded and damaged by chemical and electrochemical effects of internal and external media or by metabolic activities of microorganisms. 2.0.129 pipeline auxiliary facilities pipeline auxiliaries It is a general term for additional structures to meet the needs of normal operation and maintenance of pipelines. 2.0.130 pipeline accessories pipeline accessories The general term for all kinds of valves, measuring and pressure measuring instruments set up to meet the needs of normal operation and maintenance of pipelines. 2.0.131 pipe fittings pipe fittings In order to adapt to pipe diameter reduction, expansion and contraction or pipeline turning, branching, and the general term for the connectors that meet the connection of pipes and pipe accessories. 2.0.132 buttress anchorage In order to prevent the water pressure in the pipe from causing... ...... 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