GB/T 37584-2019 English PDFUS$439.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 4 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GB/T 37584-2019: Heat treatment of titanium and titanium alloy parts Status: Valid
Basic dataStandard ID: GB/T 37584-2019 (GB/T37584-2019)Description (Translated English): Heat treatment of titanium and titanium alloy parts Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: J36 Classification of International Standard: 25.200 Word Count Estimation: 22,299 Date of Issue: 2019-06-04 Date of Implementation: 2019-10-01 Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration GB/T 37584-2019: Heat treatment of titanium and titanium alloy parts---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order.Heat treatment of titanium and titanium alloy parts ICS 25.200 J36 National Standards of People's Republic of China Titanium and titanium alloy parts heat treatment Published on.2019-06-04 2019-10-01 implementation State market supervision and administration China National Standardization Administration issued ContentForeword I 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and Definitions 2 4 material 2 5 Equipment and tooling 4 6 Heat treatment process and process control 6 7 Production operations and process control 11 8 Quality Control and Inspection 15 9 Technical safety and energy saving and environmental protection 17 10 personnel qualification 18 Appendix A (informative) Calculation method for the maximum equivalent circle (ER) value 19ForewordThis standard was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. Please note that some of the contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing organization of this document is not responsible for identifying these patents. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Heat Treatment Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC75). This standard was drafted. China Aviation Aviation Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Tianrui Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing New Li Machinery Co., Ltd., Guizhou Hangyu Technology Development Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard. Xiao Xiaojun, He Ruijun, Li Qiao, Sun Feng, Li Yongsheng, Sun Xiaozhe, Xie Chuangye. Titanium and titanium alloy parts heat treatment1 ScopeThis standard specifies materials, equipment and tooling, heat treatment process and process control for heat treatment of titanium and titanium alloy parts (semi-finished products and parts). Requirements for system, production operation and process control, quality control and inspection, technical safety and energy conservation and environmental protection, and personnel qualification. This standard applies to the heat treatment of titanium and titanium alloy parts.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only dated versions apply to this article. Pieces. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB/T 228.1 tensile testing of metallic materials - Part 1 GB/T 228.2 tensile testing of metallic materials - Part 2. GB/T 229 metal material Charpy pendulum impact test method GB/T 232 metal material bending test method GB/T 3620.1 Titanium and titanium alloy grades and chemical composition GB/T 4161 Metallic material plane strain fracture toughness KIC test method GB/T 4698.15 Determination of hydrogen content in chemical analysis of titanium, titanium and titanium alloys GB/T 4842 argon GB/T 4844 pure enamel, high purity 超 and ultra pure 氦 GB 5226.1 Mechanical electrical safety machinery and electrical equipment - Part 1. General technical conditions Safety of electric heating devices - Part 4. Particular requirements for resistance heating devices GB/T 6611 Titanium and titanium alloy terminology and metallographic map GB/T 7232 metal heat treatment process terminology GB/T 10066.1 Test methods for electric heating equipment - Part 1. General part GB/T 10067.1 Basic technical conditions for electric heating devices - Part 1. General part GB/T 10067.4 Basic technical requirements for electric heating devices - Part 4. Indirect resistance furnace GB 15735 Metal heat treatment production process safety and hygiene requirements GB/T 23603 Titanium and titanium alloy surface pollution layer detection method GB/T 27946 Limits of heat treatment of hazardous substances in the workplace GB/T 30822 heat treatment environmental protection technical requirements GB/T 30825 heat treatment temperature measurement GB/T 32541 heat treatment quality control system HB/Z344 titanium alloy pickling process and quality inspection JB/T 6955 Technical requirements for quenching media for heat treatment JB/T 13026 Oil-based quenching medium for heat treatment3 Terms and definitionsThe following terms and definitions as defined in GB/T 6611, GB/T 7232, GB/T 23603 and GB/T 30825 apply to this document. 3.1 Beta transition temperature betatransformationtemperature The temperature at which the β phase begins to undergo a solid phase transition to the β α phase. Note. For a titanium alloy, a nominal beta transition temperature is generally defined by its nominal composition; with the actual and nominal composition of each batch of titanium alloy Deviation, the actual β-transition temperature and the nominal β-transition temperature also deviate, so the actual composition of each batch of titanium alloy determines the actuality of the batch of titanium alloy. The beta transition temperature. 3.2 Solution treatment Allow sufficient time to dissolve the soluble components into the solid solution at a certain temperature (usually 15 ° C ~ 40 ° C below the beta transition temperature) Heat treatment. Note. The solid solution cooling method is usually water-cooled, oil-cooled or air-cooled. 3.3 Beta annealing betaannealing The titanium alloy is heated to an annealing treatment performed above the β transformation temperature. Note. Depending on the type of alloy and the purpose of use, beta treatment can also be used for solution treatment of titanium alloys. 3.4 Hydrogen pollution The process of hydrogen absorption in heating or chemical processing and pickling treatment in a hydrogen-containing environment. Note. The diffusion of hydrogen in titanium is reversible, and it is usually removed by vacuum treatment at about 700 °C. 3.5 Contaminated case Alpha layer The parts are heated in an atmosphere containing oxygen, nitrogen and carbon. When the surface temperature reaches a certain range, these elements will diffuse and penetrate into the surface of the product. A contamination due to the alpha stabilizer is produced, forming a hard and brittle surface rich in oxygen, nitrogen and carbon.4 materials4.1 Common Titanium and Titanium Alloy Grades and Heat Treatment 4.1.1 Common alloy types and grades 4.1.1.1 Titanium and titanium alloys can be classified according to different principles according to different purposes. Usually classified according to different annealed microstructures, titanium can be combined Gold is classified into several types such as an α alloy, an α-β alloy, and a β alloy. Types and grades and names of titanium and titanium alloy materials commonly used in GB/T 3620.1 The composition is shown in Table 1. Table 1 Common Titanium and Titanium Alloy Grades and Nominal Components Nominal composition of name Alpha titanium alloy TAl TA2 TA3 Industrial pure titanium TA7 Ti-5Al-2.5Sn TA11 Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V TA15 Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V TA18 Ti-3Al-2.5V TA19 Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo TA21 Ti-1Al-1Mn TC1 Ti-2Al-1.5Mn TC2 Ti-3Al-1.5Mn --β titanium alloy TC4, ZTC4 Ti-6Al-4V TC6 Ti-6Al-2.5Mo-1.5Cr-0.3Si-0.5Fe TC10 Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn-0.5Cu-0.5Fe TC11 Ti-6.5Al-3.3Mo-1.5Zr-0.25Si TC16 Ti-3Al-5Mo-4.5V TC17 Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr TC18 Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe TC19 Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo TC21 Ti-6Al-2Mo-1.5Cr-2Sn-2Zr-2Nb ZTC3 Ti-5Al-2Sn-0.25Si ZTC5 Ti-5.5Al-3.0Mo-1.5V-1Fe-1Cu-1.5Sn-3.5Zr Beta titanium alloy TB2 Ti-3Al-5V-5Mo-8Cr TB3 Ti-10Mo-8V-1Fe-3Al TB5 Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al TB6 Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al 4.1.1.2 Titanium and titanium alloy materials shall comply with the corresponding material standards or specifications, and the specifications shall meet the requirements of the parts or the requirements of the customers. 4.1.2 Heat treatment of titanium alloy 4.1.2.1 Titanium alloy heat treatment can generally be divided into non-reinforced heat treatment and intensified heat treatment. The heat treatment of α-type titanium alloy is generally non-reinforcing heat The heat treatment of the α-β type titanium alloy and the β type titanium alloy is generally a heat treatment. 4.1.2.2 Non-reinforced heat treatment of titanium alloys is usually annealed (including ordinary annealing, double annealing and isothermal annealing, etc.) Solid solution aging treatment is often used. When it is necessary to eliminate or reduce the residual of titanium alloy parts during casting, hot and cold deformation, welding, and machining For residual stress, non-reinforced heat treatment should be used; when it is necessary to obtain the comprehensive properties of the design or some special properties (such as fracture toughness, fatigue properties or Intensified heat treatment should be used when heat resistance, etc.). 4.1.2.3 Beta-type titanium alloy parts and other solution-treated but aging-free parts shall not be annealed and stress relief annealed. 4.2 Commonly used process materials 4.2.1 Gas for heat treatment 4.2.1.1 The gases used for the heat treatment of titanium and titanium alloys are generally air and inert gases. The inert gas is usually high purity argon, high purity bismuth or two The mixture of the gas, high purity argon and high purity bismuth should meet the requirements of GB/T 4842 and GB/T 4844 respectively. Other conforming work can also be used Inert gas required by art. 4.2.1.2 When other gases specified in the process documentation are used, the technical specifications shall meet the requirements of the process documentation. 4.2.2 Cooling medium 4.2.2.1 When the cooling medium is oil, it should meet the requirements of JB/T 13026; when the medium is water or aqueous solution, it should meet the requirements of JB/T 6955. 4.2.2.2 The temperature of the cooling medium should not be higher than the temperature range specified by the product. When the oil is cold, the initial temperature of the oil should be controlled at 15 °C~ In the 70 °C range, the oil temperature during the cooling process should be 80 °C below the flash point of the quenching oil opening. 4.2.2.3 When cooling with water or an aqueous solution, the initial temperature of the medium should not exceed 40 °C.5 Equipment and tooling5.1 Equipment 5.1.1 Heating equipment 5.1.1.1 General requirements 5.1.1.1.1 Titanium and titanium alloy parts may be heat treated in an air furnace, an inert gas protection furnace or a vacuum furnace. Salt bath furnace should not be used And fluid bed furnace. 5.1.1.1.2 Heating furnaces used for the heat treatment of various titanium alloy parts shall not contain materials and/or media that adversely affect the parts. The heating characteristics of the equipment shall meet the requirements of the heat treatment process and process specifications of the parts. 5.1.1.1.3 When the processed parts have the cooling rate requirement in the furnace, the equipment shall have the cooling speed control function and control equipment to meet the process requirements. Set, and the cooling rate should meet the process documentation or customer requirements. 5.1.1.1.4 It shall be ensured that the pollution degree of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon is the lowest, and the parts after heat treatment are guaranteed to meet the corresponding technical documents. Claim. 5.1.1.1.5 Classification of heat treatment furnace equipment, temperature uniformity inspection, system accuracy verification and furnace temperature control and recording shall be in accordance with GB/T 32541 provisions. The type of meter configuration should not be lower than the D type configuration specified in GB/T 32541. 5.1.1.1.6 Heating equipment used for annealing and solution treatment of workpieces shall have a temperature uniformity not lower than that of Class III furnaces in GB/T 32541. The temperature uniformity of the heating equipment used for the aging of the parts shall not be lower than the specification of the Class II furnace in GB/T 32541. Process documentation is otherwise regulated In accordance with the provisions of the technical documents. 5.1.1.1.7 All types of heating equipment should have corresponding furnace temperature uniformity measurement and system accuracy verification with temperature sensor insertion hole or even Connection structure or feed device (except for temperature controlled liquid tank). The insertion hole, the connection structure and the feeding device should not be heated and insulated by the device. Can have adverse effects on sealing performance. 5.1.1.1.8 Vacuum oil quenching furnace for heating after heating and other heat treatment furnaces with automatic quenching function, the quenching transfer time shall be Guaranteed to meet the requirements of the process documentation. 5.1.1.2 Air resistance furnace 5.1.1.2.1 Air resistance furnaces can be used for the heating of all types of titanium alloy semi-finished parts. 5.1.1.2.2 Air resistance furnaces should have good sealing and insulation properties to meet the requirements of uniform heating. For aging below 650 ° C The furnace should be equipped with a furnace gas circulation fan. 5.1.1.3 Inert gas protection furnace 5.1.1.3.1 The inert gas in the inert gas furnace shall be circulated and unobstructed to protect all surfaces of the whole titanium alloy workpiece. 5.1.1.3.2 It should be ensured that the circulation of the inert gas is reasonable and does not adversely affect the temperature uniformity of the furnace. 5.1.1.4 Vacuum furnace 5.1.1.4.1 When the titanium alloy parts are heated in a vacuum furnace, the ultimate vacuum pressure of the vacuum furnace shall not exceed 6.7×10-3Pa, and the cold pressure rises. The rate should be no more than 0.67Pa/h. 5.1.1.4.2 The vacuum furnace heating chamber shall be provided with the function of recharging the protective gas, and shall be equipped with the furnace gas pressure measuring and display instrument, and the returning inflatable body The pressure shall be monitored; the dew point meter shall also be equipped to monitor the dew point of the regenerative body; if necessary, the furnace gas pressure shall be automatically measured and controlled. And recording system. 5.1.1.4.3 The gas quenching and cooling capacity of the vacuum high pressure gas quenching furnace shall meet the technical requirements of the workpiece. 5.1.2 Cooling equipment 5.1.2.1 Quenching tank 5.1.2.1.1 The volume of the quenching tank shall be such as to ensure sufficient cooling capacity of the part under continuous production conditions and the movement of the part in the tank. It is necessary to ensure that the specified performance requirements are met after quenching or aging. If necessary, the quenching tank can be equipped with mechanical stirring and other devices (not allowed) Compressed gas agitation). 5.1.2.1.2 For vacuum furnaces with gas quenching function, the quenching cooling capacity should meet the process requirements; for vacuum with water quenching function Furnace, water-cooled quenching tanks should not adversely affect the heating chamber and the vacuum of the equipment. 5.1.2.1.3 When there is a requirement for the temperature of the quenching bath, a temperature measuring instrument with a resolution of not less than 3 °C shall be provided. The quenching tank should be equipped with bath cooling The device shall be equipped with a heating and temperature control device when required. 5.1.2.2 Slow cooling box The slow cooling box is used for cooling of parts that require slow/slow cooling in air (ie, faster than natural furnaces but slower than air cooling, the same below). Full The slow cooling requirements of the foot parts are generally placed in the slow cooling box with iron sand or quartz sand or other materials that meet the process requirements. 5.1.2.3 Other cooling equipment or systems Thin plates, slabs, and strips that are solution treated in a continuous furnace can be cooled using a spray or fluid quenching system. The The system shall spray the mist or liquid quenching agent evenly on all surfaces of the part at a certain flow rate when the part is baked. Time to ensure that the specified performance requirements can be met after the solution is solid solution or aging treatment. 5.1.3 Cleaning and cleaning equipment 5.1.3.1 Special equipment shall be used for the cleaning and cleaning of parts and fixtures. Cleaning equipment with temperature requirements should be equipped with low resolution Temperature measuring instrument at 3 °C. 5.1.3.2 Cleaning and cleaning of parts and fixtures shall be carried out with equipment, sandblasting and shot peening equipment that meet the quality requirements for the cleaning of the parts; Lotions, sand and pills should not have a detrimental effect on the parts and equipment. The equipment should have a suction and sewage treatment device. 5.2 Material frame, material rack and fixture 5.2.1 The baskets, racks and fixtures used for heat treatment of the parts shall be made of high temperature resistant materials (eg titanium alloy, nickel base superalloy, stainless steel or Made of ceramic materials, and shall not react with the titanium alloys carried, nor adversely affect the heat treatment equipment. Should not Tooling is made using tubing with a closed cavity. If the metal fixture is in contact with the titanium alloy during heating, it may occur. In the case of adverse reactions, ceramic components should be used for isolation. 5.2.2 The baskets, racks and fixtures for the heat treatment of the parts shall ensure the smooth circulation of the heating and cooling medium, and shall be able to control or reduce Distortion of the part during heating and cooling.6 Heat treatment process and process control6.1 Heat treatment process 6.1.1 Annealing heat treatment 6.1.1.1 Annealing Annealing (including general annealing, double annealing, isothermal annealing) treatment systems for titanium and titanium alloy parts shall comply with the requirements of Table 2. When warming The maximum cross-sectional thickness of the part can be selected according to Table 2, or can be calculated according to Table 3 according to the section thickness of the part. Table 2 Annealing system Alloy type alloy grade Sheet, strip and slab parts, bar parts and forgings Heating temperature Holding time Min cooling method Heating temperature Holding time Min cooling method Alpha titanium alloy TA2, TA3 650~720 15~120 air cooling or slow cooling 650~815 60~120 TA7 705~845 10~120 air cooling 705~845 60~240 Air cooling TA11 760~815 60~480 furnace cooling a 900~1000 60~120 air cooling b TA15 700~850 15~120 air cooling 700~850 60~240 air cooling TA18 650~790 30~120 Air-cooled or slow-cooled 650~790 60~180 Air-cooled or slower TA19 870~925 10~120 air-cooled Tβ-(15~30) 60~120 air-cooled b TC1 640~750 15~120 Air-cooled or slow-cooled 700~800 60~120 Air-cooled or slower TC2 660~820 15~120 Air-cooled or slow-cooled 700~820 60~120 Air-cooled or slower --β titanium alloy TC4c 705~870 15~60 Air-cooled or slow-cooled d 705~790 60~120 Air-cooled or slower TC6 - - - 800~850 60~120 air cooling TC10 710~850 15~120 Air-cooled or slow-cooled 710~850 60~120 Air-cooled or slower TC11 - - - 950~980 60~120 air cooling e TC16 680~790 15~120 air cooling e 770~790 60~120 furnace cold air cooling f TC18 740~760 15~120 air cooling 820~850 60~180 furnace cold air cooling g TC19 - - - 815~915 60~120 air cooling Table 2 (continued) Alloy type alloy grade Sheet, strip and slab parts, bar parts and forgings ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 37584-2019_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 37584-2019_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 2 ~ 4 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 37584-2019_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. The purchased PDF of GB/T 37584-2019_English will be deemed to be sold to your employer/organization who actually pays for it, including your colleagues and your employer's intranet.Question 3: Does the price include tax/VAT?Answer: Yes. Our tax invoice, downloaded/delivered in 9 seconds, includes all tax/VAT and complies with 100+ countries' tax regulations (tax exempted in 100+ countries) -- See Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreements (DTAs): List of DTAs signed between Singapore and 100+ countriesQuestion 4: Do you accept my currency other than USD?Answer: Yes. If you need your currency to be printed on the invoice, please write an email to Sales@ChineseStandard.net. In 2 working-hours, we will create a special link for you to pay in any currencies. Otherwise, follow the normal steps: Add to Cart -- Checkout -- Select your currency to pay. |
