GB/T 36668.5-2020 English PDFUS$259.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 3 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GB/T 36668.5-2020: Condition monitoring and fault diagnostics of amusement device - Part 5: Stress detection and monitoring methods Status: Valid
Basic dataStandard ID: GB/T 36668.5-2020 (GB/T36668.5-2020)Description (Translated English): Condition monitoring and fault diagnostics of amusement device - Part 5: Stress detection and monitoring methods Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: Y57 Classification of International Standard: 97.200.40 Word Count Estimation: 14,129 Date of Issue: 2020-03-06 Date of Implementation: 2020-03-06 Issuing agency(ies): State Administration for Market Regulation, China National Standardization Administration GB/T 36668.5-2020: Condition monitoring and fault diagnostics of amusement device - Part 5: Stress detection and monitoring methods---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order. Condition monitoring and fault diagnostics of amusement device - Part 5.Stress detection and monitoring methods ICS 97.200.40 Y57 National Standards of People's Republic of China State monitoring and fault diagnosis of amusement facilities Part 5.Stress detection/monitoring methods 2020-03-06 released 2020-03-06 Implementation State Administration for Market Regulation Issued by the National Standardization Management Committee Table of contentsPreface Ⅲ 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions 1 4 Method overview 2 5 Safety requirements 3 6 Personnel requirements 3 7 Equipment and equipment requirements 3 8 Inspection/Monitoring Process Procedure 4 9 Detection/monitoring method 5 10 Detection/monitoring data processing method 7 11 Evaluation method 8 12 Inspection and maintenance strategy 9 13 Records and reports 9ForewordGB/T 36668 "Amusement Facilities Status Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis" is divided into the following 6 parts. ---Part 1.General Provisions; ---Part 2.Acoustic emission monitoring method; ---Part 3.Infrared thermal imaging monitoring method; ---Part 4.Vibration status monitoring method; ---Part 5.Stress detection/monitoring methods; ---Part 6.Monitoring method of running status. This part is Part 5 of GB/T 36668. This section was drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. Please note that certain contents of this document may involve patents. The issuing agency of this document is not responsible for identifying these patents. This part was proposed and managed by the National Cableway and Amusement Facilities Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC250). Drafting units of this section. China Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute, Hebei University, University of Jinan, Wuhan University of Technology. The main drafters of this section. Ding Keqin, Shen Gongtian, Chen Guang, Yin Xinran, Song Weike, Liu Guansi, Liu Ran, Fang Lide, Cao Shukun, Zhao Zhangyan, Zhou Wei, Zhang Yang. State monitoring and fault diagnosis of amusement facilities Part 5.Stress detection/monitoring methods1 ScopeThis part of GB/T 36668 specifies the method and application of using resistance strain gauges for stress testing of key structural components of amusement facilities. The method of using fiber grating sensor to monitor the stress state and diagnose the fatigue damage of the large frame structure or supporting parts of amusement facilities. This part is applicable to the stress detection of key structural components of newly manufactured and in-use amusement devices, large-scale frame structures or supports of amusement devices Monitoring of stress state and diagnosis of fatigue damage.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference documents, only the dated version applies to this article Pieces. For undated references, the latest version (including all amendments) applies to this document. GB 8408 Safety Code for Large Amusement Facilities GB/T 13992 Metal Pasted Resistance Strain Gauge GB/T 18159 General technical conditions for amusement facilities of scooter type GB/T 20306 Terminology for Amusement Facilities GB/T 20737 Non-destructive testing general terms and definitions GB/T 20921 Machine Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis Vocabulary GB/T 33213 Non-destructive testing stress monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing technology GB/T 33218 Non-destructive testing equipment health monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing technology GB/T 34370 (all parts) Non-destructive testing of amusement equipment GB/T 36668.1 State Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Amusement Facilities Part 1.General3 Terms and definitionsGB/T 20306, GB/T 20737, GB/T 20921, GB/T 36668.1 and the following terms and definitions apply to this file. 3.1 Stress detection Use resistance strain gauges to perform stress test on key structural components of amusement facilities, and perform qualitative and quantitative analysis of stress. 3.2 Stress state monitoring stressstatemonitoring Use monitoring instruments to monitor the stress changes of the large-scale frame structure or supporting parts of amusement facilities online, when the monitored stress value is close to the control value Alarm is issued at the time, and the fatigue life prediction of the structure is carried out based on the monitoring data. 3.3 Damage diagnosis The process of using the stress response data of the amusement structure to analyze the changes of the physical parameters of the structure and to judge the damage of the structure.4 Method overview4.1 Strain gauge stress detection method 4.1.1 Basic principles Paste or weld the resistance strain gauge on the key structural parts of the amusement facility, and the strain gauge sensitive grid will elongate or contract with the measured structure, so that The resistance value of the sensitive gate changes accordingly. The resistance change rate of the resistance strain gauge is proportional to the measured strain. By measuring the resistance of the resistance strain gauge, The strain of the detection area can be calculated. 4.1.2 Detection target The objectives of using resistance strain gauges to perform stress detection on key structural components of amusement facilities mainly include the following three aspects. a) Obtain the stress distribution law and stress concentration of key structural components of amusement facilities; b) Inspect the strength of key structural components of amusement facilities; c) Verify the rationality of the design of key structural components of amusement facilities. 4.1.3 Advantages and limitations The main advantages of using resistance strain gauges for stress detection are as follows. a) High measurement sensitivity and accuracy; b) Easy to install; c) Wide measuring range; d) It can measure a variety of mechanical signals, such as torque, shear stress, concentrated stress, etc. Its limitations are as follows. a) Subject to electromagnetic interference, measurement results are prone to drift due to interference; b) Not suitable for long-term monitoring. 4.1.4 Interference factors Electromagnetic and radio frequency interference may affect the results of stress detection. To prevent electromagnetic interference, a screen should be used for the connection between the bridge box and the strain gauge. The drain wire and the shielding net should be grounded. 4.2 Stress monitoring method of fiber grating sensing 4.2.1 Basic principles Paste or weld the fiber grating sensor on the large frame structure or support of the amusement device, and the load and Changes in the external environment will cause changes in physical quantities such as structural stress and temperature, resulting in the grating period or effective reduction of the fiber grating sensor. The reflectivity changes and the reflection center wavelength of the fiber grating drifts. By detecting the drift of the center wavelength of the fiber grating sensor, you can get Changes in physical quantities such as temperature and stress of the measured structure. 4.2.2 Monitoring objectives Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Stress Monitoring is to monitor the stress time history during the continuous operation of the large frame structure or support of amusement facilities curve. On the one hand, it is to detect and take remedial measures in time for abnormalities, and on the other hand, it is based on real-time Perform damage diagnosis analysis and life prediction. 4.2.3 Advantages and limitations The use of fiber grating sensing for stress state monitoring has the following advantages. a) Large capacity. It can measure multiple parameter changes at dozens of points on a single fiber. b) High accuracy. It is not affected by factors such as light source power fluctuation, fiber microbending effect and coupling loss. c) No zero drift. There is no need for regular verification after leaving the factory, and the system maintenance cost is very low. d) Anti-electromagnetic interference. Optical fibers made of electrical insulating materials use photons to transmit information and avoid electromagnetic field interference. e) Good durability. The optical fiber has stable chemical properties and strong acid and alkali corrosion resistance, which is suitable for use in harsh environments. f) Easy to install. The sensor is simple in structure and small in size, suitable for various applications, especially suitable for embedding in the material to form the so-called Smart materials or structures. g) Long-term monitoring is possible. Its limitations are as follows. a) Point monitoring, one sensor can only cover one measuring point of the structure; b) The fiber grating sensor is subject to strain and temperature changes at the same time. When monitoring strain, temperature compensation should be performed. 4.2.4 Interference factors Fiber grating sensors have the problem of cross-sensitivity between strain and temperature, and it is difficult to distinguish the strain from the change of the reflection wavelength of a single fiber grating. And the amount of change in temperature. When using fiber grating sensor for stress monitoring, temperature compensation should be performed on fiber grating sensor.5 Safety requirementsThis chapter does not list all the security requirements during implementation, users who use this section should establish security guidelines before implementation. During implementation The safety requirements are at least as follows. a) The inspection/monitoring personnel should comply with the safety requirements for the on-site operation of amusement facilities, and wear protective equipment according to the requirements of the inspection/monitoring site Work clothes and wear relevant protective equipment; b) During detection/monitoring, attention should be paid to the movement of the car during the start and operation of the amusement equipment to prevent collisions and damage to the cables and optical cables. Hinder c) When performing high-altitude operations, fall factors such as detection/monitoring personnel and equipment should be considered, and necessary protective measures should be taken.6 Personnel requirementsPersonnel performing stress testing or stress monitoring in accordance with this section should undergo relevant professional training and be familiar with the inspection procedures for amusement facilities.7 Equipment and equipment requirements7.1 Stress testing equipment The equipment and tools required for stress testing mainly include. a computer with data acquisition software installed, a resistance strain gauge, a cable and a suitable Strain gauge with socket, sandpaper, cotton yarn/cotton ball, acetone/ethanol, adhesive, polyethylene/tetrafluoroethylene film, vernier caliper and steel tape measure, etc. 7.2 Stress monitoring equipment 7.2.1 Optical fiber stress monitoring hardware system (see Figure 1) The optical fiber stress monitoring hardware system consists of an optical fiber sensing subsystem, a data acquisition subsystem and a data transmission subsystem, including. Grid sensor, demodulator, transmission optical cable, computer, data sending module and other units. Among them, fiber grating sensor, demodulator and transmission cable The performance should meet the requirements of GB/T 33213. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of optical fiber stress monitoring system 7.2.2 Optical fiber stress monitoring software system (see Figure 1) The software system should at least include an initialization setting module, a data display module, a data processing module, and a data analysis module. Functions of each module as follows. a) Initialization setting module. sensor placement number, measuring point position, monitoring physical quantity, resolution, gauge factor, engineering Configure and manage the temperature and other information, and configure the material parameters of the measuring point. b) Data display module. realize the curve display of all measuring point positions, real-time data and historical data of each measuring point, and display the history of each measuring point History maximum. c) Data processing module. to receive and store the data in real time, and realize the data query of each measuring point. d) Data analysis module. Screen and compress the monitoring data of each measuring point; perform statistical analysis on the data; realize the conclusion based on the degree of damage Structure health status diagnosis and structure remaining life prediction based on cumulative damage theory. 7.3 Maintenance and calibration of equipment The instrument and equipment should be periodically tested and adjusted to correct the parameters of the instrument to ensure the function of the instrument. Before use, the instruments and equipment used for testing/monitoring should be carefully checked and proofread, and the equipment prepared should meet the requirements of the content and accuracy of the testing/monitoring items. It is required to be in good condition within the validity period of the verification. During use, if errors or partial changes are found in the instrument and equipment, the function of the instrument should also be checked and adjusted. Follow the established written procedures and record the results of each maintenance inspection. The calibration of fiber grating sensor should be in accordance with GB/T 33213 The calibration of other components should be carried out according to the method specified by the instrument manufacturer. After use, the equipment should be stored in accordance with the equipment storage management requirements. 8 Inspection/monitoring process regulations 8.1 General inspection/monitoring process regulations Units engaged in stress testing/monitoring shall formulate general testing/monitoring process procedures in accordance with the requirements of this section, and their content shall at least include such The following elements. a) Scope of application; b) Quote standards and regulations; c) Implementation personnel qualifications; d) Testing/monitoring equipment; e) Information about the equipment and components to be tested/monitored. name, type, number, structure, size, installation location, design and operation parameter; f) Sensor installation location and sensor installation method; g) Operating conditions; h) Testing/monitoring process and data analysis and interpretation; i) Evaluation of testing/monitoring results; j) Testing/monitoring records, reports and data archiving; k) Preparation, review and approval personnel; l) Date of compilation. 8.2 Inspection/monitoring work instruction or process card For each tested/monitored component or each set of tested/monitored equipment, the stress testing/monitoring operation guidelines shall be formulated in accordance with the requirements of 9.1. Guide book or craft card. 9 Detection/monitoring methods 9.1 Preparation before testing/monitoring 9.1.1 Document review Data review should include the following. a) The manufacturing documents of the tested/monitored parts. product qualification certificates, quality certification documents, as-built drawings, etc., fully understand the tested/monitored equipment The structure, movement and working mode of the equipment; b) Operation records of the inspected/monitored parts. daily maintenance records, start and stop conditions, operating parameters, load changes, and Abnormal conditions during operation, etc.; c) Inspection data. previous inspection and monitoring reports, previous stress test data; d) Other materials. documents and materials for repair and transformation, etc. 9.1.2 Site survey The potential safety hazards on the site should be investigated, and the placement location of equipment should be selected reasonably to ensure the power supply and safety of personnel and equipment. The whole problem. 9.1.3 Determination of implementation conditions 9.1.3.1 Determination of personnel contact information Determine the implementation conditions according to the site conditions, and establish the contact method between the stress detection/monitoring personnel and the equipment operation control personnel. 9.1.3.2 Amusement facilities operating procedures Determine the operating procedure of the equipment according to the type of equipment and actual operating conditions. 9.1.4 Determination of testing/monitoring points a) Determined according to the requirements of the design unit or user; b) According to GB 8408, select the corresponding important parts and key axes; c) According to the structural stress hot spots obtained by the finite element simulation analysis of the structure, the sensor is determined without affecting the detection/monitoring It should be installed as close as possible to the stress hot spot area; d) Determined based on the results of historical damage data analysis; e) The motion characteristics of the whole machine should be considered, and it is best to investigate the maximum stress state of the whole machine; f) The inspection/monitoring points for the amusement facilities of the scooter should cover the structure under test specified in GB/T 18159. 9.1.5 Preparation of inspection/monitoring work instructions or process cards For each inspected/monitored component or each set of inspected/monitored equipment, it shall be based on the Testing/monitoring process regulations. Compile stress testing/monitoring work instructions or process cards, and determine the location and location of strain gauges or optical fiber sensors. Surface conditions, meanwhile, survey and map the inspected/monitored equipment, number the inspected/monitored parts, and draw the structure of the inspected/monitored equipment intention. 9.1.6 Selection of strain gauges Strain gauge selection requirements are as follows. a) Size. 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 10mm, etc.; b) Resistance value. 120Ω, 350Ω, 1000Ω, etc.; c) The material of the test piece involves different temperature compensation, such as. steel is about 11×10-6/℃, aluminum is about 23×10-6/℃, etc.; d) Wire length. 1m, 3m, 5m, etc.; e) Number of axes. single axis, dual axis, three axis. Before patching, visual inspection and resistance measurement of the strain gauge to be used should also be carried out. Visual inspection can be done with the naked eye (with a magnifying glass if necessary) To proceed, focus on observing whether the sensitive grid has rust spots and defects, whether it is arranged neatly, whether the substrate and covering layer are damaged, and whether the lead is intact. Hinder The value measurement can use a Wheatstone bridge or a digital ohmmeter to check whether the sensitive grid has an open circuit or a short circuit, and perform resistance sorting. For the common temperature For a set of compensated strain gauges, the resistance difference shall not exceed 0.5Ω. The strain gauges used in the same test should have the same sensitivity coefficient. 9.2 Installation of the sensor 9.2.1 Installation of stress detection sensor The stress detection uses resistance strain gauges, and the bonding process is carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB/T 13992, as follows. a) Before patching, ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 36668.5-2020_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 36668.5-2020_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. The lengthier the document the longer the lead time.Question 2: Can I share the purchased PDF of GB/T 36668.5-2020_English with my colleagues?Answer: Yes. 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