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Delivery: <= 8 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GB/T 33715-2017: Nanotechnologies -- Health and safety practices in occupational settings relevant to nanotechnologies Status: Valid
Basic dataStandard ID: GB/T 33715-2017 (GB/T33715-2017)Description (Translated English): Nanotechnologies -- Health and safety practices in occupational settings relevant to nanotechnologies Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: C52 Classification of International Standard: 13.100 Word Count Estimation: 74,712 Date of Issue: 2017-05-12 Date of Implementation: 2017-12-01 Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China GB/T 33715-2017: Nanotechnologies -- Health and safety practices in occupational settings relevant to nanotechnologies---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order. Nanotechnologies - Health and safety practices in occupational settings related to nanotechnologies ICS 13.100 C52 National Standards of People's Republic of China Nanotechnology nanotechnology Guidelines for Occupational Health and Safety (ISO /T R12885..2008, MOD) 2017-05-12 released 2017-12-01 implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China China National Standardization Management Committee released Directory Preface III Introduction IV 1 Scope 1 2 nanomaterials. overview and preparation 2.1 Engineering of nanomaterials 1 2.1.1 Carbon nanomaterials 1 2.1.2 Oxide Nanomaterials 2 2.1.3 Metal nanomaterials 2 2.1.4 Quantum dots 3 2.1.5 Organic polymer nanomaterials 3 2.1.6 Bionic Nano Materials 3 2.2 Preparation method 4 2.2.1 Typical preparation method 4 2.2.2 aerosol method 4 2.2.3 Vapor Deposition 4 2.2.4 colloid/self-assembly method 4 2.2.5 Electroplating 4 2.2.6 Electrospinning 4 2.2.7 grinding method 5 3 Hazard characterization 5 3.1 Impact on health 5 3.1.1 Fundamentals and Uncertainty 5 3.1.2 Health effects of associated or natural nanoparticles and nanofibers 5 3.1.3 Relationship between particle surface area, surface chemical properties and number and its toxicity 6 3.1.4 Inflammation caused by nanoparticles 6 3.1.5 Study of animal and cell levels 3.1.2 Epidemiological study of fine particles and nanoparticles 9 3.2 Physical hazards 9 3.2.1 Exothermic events 9 3.2.2 Production risk of nanomaterials 9 4 Nano Material Exposure Assessment 9 4.1 Overview 9 4.2 Scientific framework for the assessment of the exposure of nanomaterials 4.2.1 Exposure Route 10 4.2.2 Metrics for assessment of exposure to nanomaterials in the air 4.3 Overview of Particle Exposure Methods 4.3.1 Overview 12 4.3.2 Mass concentration 13 4.3.3 Quantity concentration 14 4.3.4 Surface area concentration 14 4.3.5 Detection of Nanoparticle Size Distribution 4.3.6 Collection of samples 17 4.3.7 Detection of high aspect ratio nanoparticles 17 4.3.8 Sampling method 18 4.4 Skin Exposure Assessment 18 4.4.1 Sampling 18 4.4.2 Sample characterization 19 4.5 Assessment of in vivo exposure dose 4.6 Discussion 20 5 Workplace Risk Assessment 20 5.1 Introduction and scope of application 20 5.2 Nano Material Risk Assessment 20 5.2.1 Quantitative and qualitative risk assessment 21 5.2.2 Hazard identification 21 5.2.3 Exposure effects Dose response assessment 21 5.2.4 Exposure Assessment 23 5.2.5 Risk characterization 23 5.3 Conclusion 23 6 Methodology of Control6.1 Introduction 23 6.2 Implications for Risk Assessment in Control Methodology 24 6.2.1 Control Strategy 24 6.3 Control Methodology Review 25 6.3.1 Prevention 25 6.3.2 Control Strategy 26 6.3.3 Hazard Removal - Through Effective Design 26 6.3.4 Replacement of raw materials, products, processes and equipment 27 6.3.5 Engineering Technology 27 6.3.6 Management of Workplace Exposure Controls 33 6.3.7 Work environment assessment 37 6.3.8 Human protective equipment (PPE) 37 6.4 Health Surveillance 41 6.5 Product supervision 42 Appendix A (informative) symbols and abbreviations 45 Reference 48ForewordThis standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009. This standard uses the re-drafting method to modify the use of ISO /T R12885..2008 "Nanotechnology Nanotechnology Businessplace Health and Safety guide". This standard has been adjusted in structure compared to ISO /T R12885..2008, as follows. - ISO /T R12885..2008 Chapter 1 as an introduction to this standard, ISO /T R12885..2008 Chapter 2 as this standard Chapter 1, followed by all chapter numbers; - the ISO /T R12885..2008 subsequent chapters of the reference document moved to the end of this standard, and re-numbered; --- Index 6.1 and index 6.2, respectively, to Table 4 and Table 5. Due to the rapid development of nanotechnology, ISO /T R12885..2008 part of the technical content has become obsolete, this standard has been modified. In Chapter 1 of this Standard, except in paragraph 1, paragraph 1, paragraph 2, of Chapter 2 of ISO /T R12885..2008, the deletion of paragraph 3 Quasi-sync and update related content; - In paragraph 2.1 of this Standard, in addition to paragraph 1 of paragraph 2 of ISO /T R12885..2008, paragraph 2, paragraphs 2 and 3 The classification of nanomaterials and the introductory content of nanometer objects; --- In this standard 2.1.1.1, remove the ISO /T R12885..2008 3.1.1.1 "fullerene in lithium-ion batteries, solar power Pool, fuel cell, oxygen and methane storage materials, plastics, oil and rubber additives, cancer and AIDS (AIDS) treatment and other fields Potential application research is quite active "; --- In this standard 2.2.7, remove the ISO /T R12885..2008 in 3.2.7 "This method can reach several tons per hour of production"; --- In this standard, in 3.1.5.1, remove the ISO /T R12885..2008 4.1.5.1 "but the single-walled CNTs high content of fullerenes Smoke of the saturated solution after filtration treatment, skin allergies in the experiment does not cause volunteers to produce burning and allergic symptoms. In the classics In the modified Dresser test experiment, the nanotube suspension drips into the hare's eye and does not cause the symptoms of burning; - In this standard, in 3.1.5.4, delete the ISO /T R12885..2008 Section 4.1.5.4, "In vitro studies indicate"; --- In this standard, 3.1.6, delete ISO /T R12885..2008 4.1.6 Paragraph 3 on the uncertainty of the impact of particulate matter on the human body Sex and other content; - In paragraph 4.3.7 of this standard, delete paragraph 5.3.7 of ISO /T R12885..2008, "At present, only one article on carbon nanometer Fiber treatment equipment exposure assessment article ". This standard is proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. This standard is under the national standard of nanotechnology standardization technical committee (SAC/TC279). The main drafting unit of this standard. National Center for Nanoscience, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The main drafters of this standard. Wu Xiaochun, Ji Yinglu, Chen Chunying, Xu Haiyan, Bai Ru, Guo Yuting.IntroductionThe rapid development of nanotechnology has had an impact on all aspects of global industrial and social life. Through the development of the economy, improve the quality of life, Improve and protect public health and the environment, the international standardization of nanotechnology should contribute to the advancement and sustainable development of human society. Many new nanomaterials will enter the market and workplace. These new materials will bring potential occupational safety and health to the practitioners concerned Risk should be properly regulated by means of international standards. This standard summarizes the technical aspects of occupational safety and health related to nanotechnology With information. Nanotechnology involves nano-scale materials. By definition, & quot; nanoscale & quot; refers to a size between 1 nm and 100 nm range. 1nm is 10-9m or one millionth of a millimeter. For example, human hair has a diameter of 10,000 nm to 100000 nm, a single blood Red blood cell diameter of about 5000nm, the size of the virus is usually 10nm ~ 100nm, a single DNA molecular diameter of about 2nm. Nanometer Technology is a complex combination of physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, electronics, materials, applications and concepts, and the key defining features are dimensions. Nano-materials have a unique physical and chemical properties, is expected to computer, biomedical and energy and many other areas to promote the role. but There is little knowledge of the occupational health and safety effects of emerging nanomaterials. This is because nanotechnology is a relatively new technology, And thus the lack of human exposure and working conditions affect the relevant information. Therefore, it is difficult at this stage to accurately predict the exposure of specific nanomaterials The impact of health practitioners. In particular, our ability to measure the workplace (or larger) nanoparticles is limited by the current technology Level. Nanotechnology has raised new challenges for us. Because the properties of nanomaterials depend not only on the traditional chemical structure and composition, Depends on its size and shape. The measurement of these additional properties is an indispensable assessment of the workplace nanomaterials. In addition, the human body is big Most nanomaterials are almost unaware of the ability to identify and respond in a timely manner. On the other hand, certain specific nanostructured materials (such as carbon black and Synthetic amorphous silica) and epidemiological data are known. Existing scientific knowledge has many gaps in the identification, characterization and potential occupational exposure assessment of nanomaterials. This knowledge The gap can be solved by a multidisciplinary cross. In this rapidly growing field, occupational health practitioners, scientists, and drugs Science practitioners (including medical scientists and environmental scientists) play a vital role in protecting the health of the public. In addition, cooperative research (special Other international cooperation) is also important to provide critical information within a reasonable timeframe. Nanotechnology nanotechnology Guidelines for Occupational Health and Safety1 ScopeThis standard gives guidelines for health and safety of occupational hazards associated with nanotechnology. This standard focuses on health and safety regulations related to occupational manufacturing and application of nanomaterials. The information provided in this standard can help Companies, researchers, laborers and others to prevent health and safety in the production, operation, use and handling of nanomaterials as a result of. These recommendations are widely applicable to a range of nanomaterials and applications. This standard is based on currently available information on nanotechnology, including characterization, health effects, exposure assessment and control regulations. 2 nanomaterials. overview and preparation 2.1 Engineering of nanomaterials Engineered nanomaterials are designed and manufactured for specific purposes or functions, including nanoscale materials and nanostructured materials. The nano-object is defined as having a (nanosheet), two (nanorods) or three external dimensions (nanoparticles) at a nanometer scale (about 1 nm ~ 100 nm). Nanostructured materials include nano-objects embedded in the solid matrix nano-objects, nano-objects random The resulting aggregates and aggregates, or their ordered assemblies, such as fullerenes or carbon nanotube crystals [1]. This standard will focus on nano-objects And its simple assembly. The relatively simple nanomaterials that are currently used or actively developed can be categorized by size and major chemical composition. 2.1.1 Carbon nanomaterials 2.1.1.1 fullerenes Fullerenes can be envisioned as a chemical entity of a spherical cage composed of carbon atoms and three nearest neighbors of carbon atoms through chemical bonds. among them One well-known example is soccer-like C60 fullerenes. The fullerene molecule may contain from 28 to more than 100 carbon atoms. There are some real A study of fullerene molecules containing 1,500 atoms and a diameter of 8.2 nm [2] has been reported. From the theoretical calculations to consider the larger fullerenes Molecules may also exist [3]. The size of the multi-shell fullerene nanoparticles, which is called carbon nano-onions, can range from 4 nm to 36 nm [4]. 2.1.1.2 Carbon black Carbon black is composed of partially amorphous carbon in the form of spherical or nearly spherical particles aggregated and formed by strong interaction of aggregates, usually into Step assembled to form a macro ball [5]. Furnace black in the world accounted for 98% of the carbon black production, the average aggregate diameter of 80nm ~ 500 nm, wherein the average size of the primary particles is between 11 nm and 95 nm. The main industrial use of carbon black is the increase in paint and rubber products Strong packing, especially tires. 2.1.1.3 Carbon nanofibers Carbon nanofibers are cylindrical or tapered, with diameters ranging from several nanometers to hundreds of nanometers, from submicron to a few millimeters in length. Internal structure Is formed by the formation of curved carbon layer cone (herringbone structure) or cup (bamboo structure) -like structure [6]. Nanofibers are different from carbon nanotubes The main feature is that the stacked carbon layer forms a non-zero angle with the fiber axis. When the carbon layer is parallel to the fiber axis, carbon nanotubes are formed (see the next section) Minute). Because carbon nanofibers exist along the fiber axis "in-plane" and "between the surface" of the transport and mechanical properties, and graphite similar to the unsaturated bond, ......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 33715-2017_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 33715-2017_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 5 ~ 8 working days. 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