GB/T 28164-2011 English PDFUS$334.00 · In stock
Delivery: <= 3 days. True-PDF full-copy in English will be manually translated and delivered via email. GB/T 28164-2011: Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -- Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application Status: Valid
Basic dataStandard ID: GB/T 28164-2011 (GB/T28164-2011)Description (Translated English): Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -- Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application Sector / Industry: National Standard (Recommended) Classification of Chinese Standard: K82 Classification of International Standard: 29.220.01 Word Count Estimation: 17,182 Date of Issue: 2011-12-30 Date of Implementation: 2012-07-01 Quoted Standard: GB/T 2900.41-2008; GB/T 22084.1-2008; GB/T 22084.2-2008; IEC 60051-1; IEC 60051-2; IEC 60051-3; IEC 60051-4; IEC 60051-5; IEC 60051-6; IEC 60051-7; IEC 60051-8; IEC 60051-9; IEC 60485; IEC 61438; IEC 61960-2003; ISO/IEC GUIDE 51 Adopted Standard: IEC 62133-2002, IDT Regulation (derived from): Announcement of Newly Approved National Standards No. 23 of 2011 Issuing agency(ies): General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China Summary: This standard specifies the intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions, containing alkaline or other non- acid electrolytes Portable sealed and batteries (excluding button cell) requirements for safe operation and testing. GB/T 28164-2011: Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes -- Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application---This is a DRAFT version for illustration, not a final translation. Full copy of true-PDF in English version (including equations, symbols, images, flow-chart, tables, and figures etc.) will be manually/carefully translated upon your order. Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes - Safety requirements for portable sealed secondary cells, and for batteries made from them, for use in portable application ICS 29.220.01 K82 National Standards of People's Republic of China Batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes and Portable sealed batteries and Safety requirements for battery packs (IEC 62133.2002, IDT) Released on.2011-12-30 2012-07-01 implementation General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China Issued by China National Standardization Administration Table of contentsPreface Ⅲ 1 General 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Normative references 1 1.3 Terms and definitions 1 1.4 Parameter measurement tolerance 2 2 General requirements for safety 3 2.1 Insulation and wiring 3 2.2 Discouragement 3 2.3 Temperature/Current Management 3 2.4 Extreme contacts 3 2.5 Assembly of the battery pack 4 2.6 Quality Plan 4 3 Type test conditions 4 4 Specific requirements and tests 5 4.1 Charging method 5 4.2 Intended use 5 4.3 Reasonably foreseeable misuse test 6 5 Safety information 9 6 Sign 9 6.1 Single battery mark 9 6.2 Battery pack mark 9 6.3 Other information 9 7 Packaging 10 Appendix A (informative appendix) Recommendations for equipment manufacturers and battery pack manufacturers 11 Appendix B (informative appendix) Recommendations for end users 12 Reference 13 Batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes and Portable sealed batteries and Safety requirements for battery packs1 General1.1 Scope This standard stipulates that under the expected use and reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions, portable batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes Requirements and tests for safe operation of sealed batteries and battery packs (excluding button cells). 1.4 Parameter measurement tolerance Relative to the specified value or actual value, the accuracy of all control values or measured values should be within the following tolerance range. a) Voltage. ±1%; b) Current. ±1%; c) Temperature. ±2℃; d) Time. ±0.1%; e) Size. ±1%; f) Capacity. ±1%. The above tolerance includes the accuracy of the measuring instrument used, the test method used, and all other errors introduced during the test. Refer to IEC 60051 (all parts) for selection of analog instruments, and IEC 60485 for selection of digital instruments. At the end of any record The results report should provide detailed information on the test equipment used.2 General requirements for safetyThe safety of batteries and battery packs is considered from two application conditions. a) Intended use; b) Reasonably foreseeable misuse. The design and structure of batteries and battery packs should meet safety requirements under expected use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. battery Or the battery pack can withstand the misuse that makes it invalid, and should not cause obvious harm. Batteries and battery packs should be subjected to expected use It not only ensures safety, but also maintains continuous effectiveness in all aspects of performance. The potential hazards involved in this standard refer to. a) Fire; b) burst/explosion; c) Leakage of battery electrolyte; d) Discouraged; e) Burning due to excessive external temperature; f) The battery pack shell is cracked to expose the internal composition. Pass the test in Chapter 4 to check the consistency with 2.1 to 2.6, and meet the cited standards (see 1.2). 2.1 Insulation and wiring The insulation resistance between the positive terminal and the non-electrically exposed external metal surface of the battery pack should not be less than 5MΩ at DC 500V. The internal wiring and its insulation characteristics should be sufficient to withstand the highest expected current, voltage and temperature. The internal wiring position should have enough space The current path should be kept between the two poles. The mechanical integrity of the internal connections should be sufficient to accommodate reasonably foreseeable misuse conditions. 2.2 Discouraged A pressure reducing device should be added to the battery pack casing and the single cell, or a pressure reducing device should be added to reduce the excessive internal pressure to a certain value or a certain level. Structure to prevent rupture, explosion and spontaneous combustion. If the packaging of the battery wraps the battery in it, then this packaging and packaging method is neither Causes the battery pack to overheat during normal operation, and does not affect the pressure release. 2.3 Temperature/current management The design of the battery pack should prevent abnormal temperature rise. Note. If necessary, take measures to limit the current to a safe level during the charging and discharging process. 2.4 Extreme contacts There should be clear polarity marks on the extreme ends of the battery pack casing. The size and shape of the extreme contacts should ensure that they can withstand the maximum Expected current. The extremely exposed contact surface should be made of conductive material with high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance. The distribution of extreme contacts should be as short as possible The danger of the road. 2.5 Assembly of the battery pack The single cells used to assemble the battery pack should have matching capacity, the same design, the same chemical system, and come from the same manufacturing system. Manufacturer. For battery packs that can perform multiple output discharges for single cells in series, they should form separate circuits to prevent non-uniform discharge. The single battery is reversed. 2.6 Quality plan The manufacturer should develop a quality plan that specifies the inspection procedures for raw materials, components, single cells and battery packs, and covers each model The whole production process of batteries and battery packs.3 Type test conditionsThe number of single cells and battery packs required for the test is shown in Table 1.The manufacturing period of the single cells and battery packs used in the test should not exceed 3 months. Unless otherwise specified, the test should be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20°C ± 5°C. Note. The test conditions only apply to type tests, and do not mean that the intended use should be carried out under such conditions. Again, the 3 month limit is for consistency The introduction of considerations does not mean that the safety of the battery pack will decline after 3 months.4 Specific requirements and tests4.1 Charging method Unless otherwise specified in this standard, charging should be carried out at an ambient temperature of 20°C ± 5°C using the method specified by the manufacturer. Before charging, the battery pack should be discharged to the specified end voltage at a constant current of 0.2 ItA at 20°C ± 5°C. Warning. These test methods may cause injury if adequate precautions are not taken. These trials must be qualified and experienced The technicians are under adequate protection measures. 4.2 Intended use 4.2.1 Continuous low rate charging a) Requirements Charging should not cause fire and explosion. b) Test A fully charged single battery is continuously charged for 28 days at the current specified by the manufacturer. c) Acceptance standards • Nickel series batteries. no fire, no explosion. • Lithium battery. no fire, no explosion, no leakage. 4.2.2 Vibration a) Requirements There should be no leakage, fire and explosion when subjected to vibration during transportation. b) Test The fully charged battery and battery pack are subjected to the vibration test according to the conditions and sequence in Table 2.The amplitude of the battery or battery pack is 0.76mm (1.52mm double amplitude) sinusoidal vibration. The vibration frequency range is 10Hz~55Hz, and the frequency change rate is 1Hz/min. From 10Hz~55Hz and then return to 10Hz, the vibration time of each installation position (vibration direction) is 90min±5min. Vibration test press The following sequence is performed in three mutually perpendicular directions. Step 1---Measure the voltage to confirm that the sample under test is in a charged state. Step 2~Step 4—Perform the vibration test in accordance with Table 2. Step 5-Leave it on for 1h, and then perform visual inspection. c) Acceptance criteria. no fire, no explosion, no leakage. 4.2.3 The ability of the molded shell to withstand high temperatures a) Requirements The internal composition of the battery pack should not be exposed when used at high temperatures. b) Test The fully charged battery pack is placed in a suitable high-temperature environment to evaluate the ability of the battery pack housing to remain intact. Put the battery pack in Put it aside for 7h in a blast thermostat at 70℃±2℃, then take out the battery pack and return to room temperature. c) Acceptance standards The battery pack casing should not undergo physical deformation that would expose the internal components. 4.2.4 Temperature cycle a) Requirements Exposing the battery or battery pack to low temperature and high temperature repeatedly should not cause fire and explosion. b) Perform the test according to the following steps and the curve in Figure 1. A fully charged battery or battery pack is subjected to temperature cycling (-20℃, 75℃) in a forced ventilation room according to the following steps. Step 1.Leave the battery or battery pack at 75℃±2℃ for 4h; Step 2.Change the ambient temperature to 20℃±2℃ within 30min and keep it for at least 2h; Step 3.Change the ambient temperature to -20℃±2℃ within 30min and keep it for 4h; Step 4.Change the ambient temperature to 20℃±2℃ within 30min and keep it for at least 2h; Step 5.Repeat steps 1~4 4 times in a row; Step 6.After the fifth cycle, put the battery or battery pack aside for 7d for testing. Note. This test can be carried out in a thermostat or 3 thermostats with different test temperatures. c) Acceptance standards No fire, no explosion, no leakage. 4.3 Reasonably foreseeable misuse test 4.3.1 Wrong installation of a single battery (only applicable to nickel series batteries) a) Requirements When the battery is used in combination, the wrong installation of a single battery should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test This test evaluates the safety of a fully charged single battery when it is installed incorrectly. Four fully charged batteries of the same brand, model, size and The single batteries used for time are connected in series, and one battery is installed in reverse polarity. Connect the above combination to a 1Ω resistor until the bleed valve opens Or the reversed battery temperature returns to the ambient temperature. In addition, the regulated power supply can also be used to simulate the forced discharge of the reversed battery. c) Acceptance standards No fire, no explosion. 4.3.2 External short circuit a) Requirements Short circuit between the positive and negative terminals should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test Two sets of fully charged batteries or battery packs are placed in an ambient temperature of 20℃±5℃ and 55℃±5℃ respectively. Use external total resistance A resistance not higher than 100mΩ will short-circuit each battery or battery pack. The test can be stopped when any of the following conditions are met. battery or battery pack The short-circuit lasted for 24h; the temperature of the casing dropped by 20% of the highest temperature rise (this condition is faster). c) Acceptance standards No fire, no explosion. 4.3.3 Free fall a) Requirements A battery or battery pack falling (for example, from a bench) should not cause a fire or explosion. b) Test Drop a fully charged battery or battery pack three times from a height of 1.0m onto the concrete floor to get a random direction The impact. c) Acceptance standards No fire, no explosion. 4.3.4 Mechanical shock (collision hazard) a) Requirements The shock encountered during carrying or transportation should not cause fire, explosion or leakage. b) Test A fully charged battery or battery pack adopts a rigid fixing method (this method can support all the fixed surfaces of the battery or battery pack) to fix it on On the test equipment. Withstand an equivalent impact in each of the three mutually perpendicular directions. At least one direction is perpendicular to the battery or battery Set of fettuccine. Each impact is carried out in the following method. within the first 3ms, the minimum average acceleration is 75gn, and the peak acceleration should be between 125gn and Between 175gn, the test environment temperature is 20℃±5℃. c) Acceptance standards No fire, no explosion, no leakage. 4.3.5 Heat abuse a) Requirements High temperatures should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test Put the fully charged battery in a thermostat with natural or circulating air convection after stable at room temperature. Incubator with The temperature is increased to 130°C±2°C at a rate of 5°C/min±2°C/min. Keep this temperature and stop the test after 10 minutes. c) Acceptance standards No fire or explosion. 4.3.6 Battery squeeze a) Requirements Single cells subjected to severe compression (for example, processing in a waste crusher) should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test A fully charged battery is squeezed between two planes. A squeezing force of 13kN±1kN is applied by the hydraulic cylinder. Squeeze to cause Destructive consequences. Once the squeezing force reaches the maximum or the battery voltage drops sharply by one-third of the initial voltage, stop squeezing. Cylindrical and prismatic batteries should be subjected to the extrusion test so that their long axis direction should be parallel to the extrusion plane. To make the square battery two wide and narrow The surfaces are squeezed and two sets of batteries should be used. The second set of batteries should be rotated 90° around the long axis in the above test for compression test. c) Acceptance standards No fire or explosion. 4.3.7 Low air pressure a) Requirements Low air pressure (for example, during air transport) should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test At an ambient temperature of 20℃±5℃, the fully charged battery is placed in a vacuum box. After the vacuum box is sealed, gradually reduce its internal pressure The force is not higher than 11.6kPa (simulated altitude is 15240m) and kept for 6h. c) Acceptance standards No fire, no explosion, no leakage. 4.3.8 Nickel series battery overcharge a) Requirements Charging with current and time greater than the manufacturer's specified should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test Charge the discharged battery or battery pack at 2.5 times the recommended charging current, and charge it with 250% of the rated capacity Power. c) Acceptance standards No fire or explosion. 4.3.9 Overcharge of lithium battery a) Requirements Charging for longer than the charging time specified by the manufacturer should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test The battery is discharged according to IEC 61960.2003, and then charged with a power supply not less than 10V at the charging current Irec recommended by the manufacturer Electricity 2.5C5/Irech. c) Acceptance standards No fire or explosion. 4.3.10 Forced discharge a) Requirements The battery in the combination should not cause fire or explosion when subjected to reverse polarity. b) Test The discharged battery was reversely charged at 1 ItA for 90 minutes. c) Acceptance standards No fire or explosion. 4.3.11 Battery charging protection against high charging rate (applicable to lithium battery) a) Requirements When the charger fails or the current distribution in the parallel battery pack is uneven, the battery should not cause fire or explosion. b) Test The battery is discharged according to IEC 61960.2003, and then charged at 3 times the charging current recommended by the manufacturer until the battery is fully charged or A safety device cuts off the charging current before the battery is fully charged. c) Acceptance standards No fire or explosion.5 Safety informationThe use and abuse of portable sealed batteries and battery packs containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes may lead to danger or cause It hurts. Manufacturers of batteries and battery packs should ensure that relevant information is provided to equipment manufacturers and end users (for distributors) Reduce or minimize the above risks. The equipment manufacturer is responsible for notifying the end user of the possibility of using equipment containing batteries or battery packs. Cause danger. For guidance on potential hazards, see IEC 61438, and recommendations on safe use (incomplete) in Appendix A and Appendix B. Compliance with the above requirements shall be checked according to the provisions in the manufacturer's documents.6 signs6.1 Single battery mark The single battery shall be marked in accordance with the provisions of the following applicable standards. GB/T 22084.1-2008, GB/T 22084.2-2008 Or IEC 61960.2003. Note. If the manufacturer and the user reach an agreement, the single battery used in the assembled battery pack may not be marked. Check compliance with the above requirements. 6.2 Battery pack logo The single cells that make up the battery pack shall be identified in accordance with the provisions in 6.1.The battery pack should have an appropriate warning statement. Check compliance with the above requirements. 6.3 Other information The battery pack should identify or provide the following information. • Handling instructions; • Recommended charging instructions. Compliance with the above requirements shall be checked according to the regulations in the mark and manufacturer's documents.7 PackagingThe packaging should be able to avoid mechanical damage during transportation, carrying and stacking. Packaging materials and design should be able to avoid accidental conductive products The ingress of moisture, extreme corrosion and moisture.Appendix A(Informative appendix) Recommendations for equipment manufacturers and battery pack manufacturers The following are typical but not complete recommendations for equipment and battery pack manufacturers provided by battery and battery pack manufacturers. a) It is forbidden to disassemble, open or shred the battery. The battery pack can only be removed by professionals. A battery pack composed of multiple batteries, the shell It should be designed to be opened with the help of tools. b) It is forbidden to short-circuit the battery or battery pack. Do not put multiple batteries or battery packs in boxes or drawers to avoid them Short-circuit each other or short-circuit by other conductive materials. c) Do not remove the batteries or battery packs from their original packaging before use. d) It is forbidden to expose the battery or battery pack to heat or flame. Avoid storing in direct sunlight. e) It is prohibited to subject the battery or battery pack to mechanical shock. f) Once the battery leaks, do not directly contact the skin or eyes with the leaked liquid. If contact occurs, rinse the connection with plenty of clean water T......Tips & Frequently Asked Questions:Question 1: How long will the true-PDF of GB/T 28164-2011_English be delivered?Answer: Upon your order, we will start to translate GB/T 28164-2011_English as soon as possible, and keep you informed of the progress. The lead time is typically 1 ~ 3 working days. 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